CH 1 Political Thinking and Political Culthre: Becoming a Responsuble Citizen

When did slavery start?

1916

authority

The recognized right of officials to exercise power as a result of the positions they hold. (See also power.)

free-market system

An economic system based on the idea that government should interfere with economic transactions as little as possible. Free enterprise and self-reliance are the collective and individual principles that underpin free markets

Concerning power sharing, the United States is Blank______. Multiple choice question. comparable to India unique comparable to most western European nations comparable to Russia

unique

The ability of persons, groups, or institutions to influence political developments is called Blank______. Multiple choice question. politics power individualism majoritarianism

power

How long did slavery last?

250

democracy

A form of government in which the people govern, either directly or through elected representatives.

authoritarian government

A form of government in which those in power openly repress their opponents in order to stay in power.

pluralism

A theory of American politics that holds that society's interests are substantially represented through the activities of groups.

Which of the following statements are true about American ideals and government? (Choose every correct answer.)select ALL THAT APPLY. A. Americans believe that their government should have a high purpose. B. American ideals are pessimistic. C. Americans generally believe that government power should be widely shared. D. Throughout U.S. history, the ideals of liberty and equality have been upheld for all Americans.

A. Americans believe that their government should have a high purpose. C. Americans generally believe that government power should be widely shared.

Which of the following is a core value of American political ideology?Multiple choice question. A. Government should serve the people. B. Society is best served by an C. absolute government .D. People should serve the government Government is unnecessary.

A. Government should serve the people.

Which of the following statements are true about the motivations for creating American democracy? Multiple select question. A. The American Revolution sought to create a radically different form of society. B . The idea of individual potential could be achieved more easily in the New World than in the Old World. C. The American Revolution sought to create a similar form of society as that of England. D. Colonists, following Enlightenment ideas, wanted to overturn the European way of governing.

A. The American Revolution sought to create a radically different form of society. B . The idea of individual potential could be achieved more easily in the New World than in the Old World. D. Colonists, following Enlightenment ideas, wanted to overturn the European way of governing.

Political culture in the United States is based upon Americans' ______.Political culture in the United States is based upon Americans' ______.Multiple choice question .A. allegiance to shared ancestry B. kinship groups C. revolutionary spirit D. allegiance to common ideals

A. allegiance to common ideals

A single individual controls governance in which of these forms of government?Multiple choice question. A. autocracy B. oligarchy C. republic D. democracy A. autocracy

A. autocracy

The idea that there are lawful restrictions on government power is called Blank______.Multiple choice question. A. constitutionalism B. majoritarianism C. authority D. party polarization

A. constitutionalism

Elements of constitutionalism include ______. Pick All that Are true. A. officials being required to follow the laws B. immunity from prosecution for elected officials C. the protection of individual rights D. lawful restrictions of governmental power

A. officials being required to follow the laws C. the protection of individual rights D. lawful restrictions of governmental power

Which of the following are tools that political science offers to increase one's ability to think critically? (Choose every correct answer.)Choose ALL that apply. A .systematic generalizations about major tendencies in American politics B. opinions that confirm a citizen's already-held beliefs C. terms and concepts that precisely describe aspects of politics D. reliable information about how the U.S. political system operates

A. systematic generalizations about major tendencies in American politics C. terms and concepts that precisely describe aspects of politics D. reliable information about how the U.S. political system operates

Which of the following statements are true about American ideals and government? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Americans believe that their government should have a high purpose. Americans generally believe that government power should be widely shared. American ideals are pessimistic. Throughout U.S. history, the ideals of liberty and equality have been upheld for all Americans.

Americans believe that their government should have a high purpose. Americans generally believe that government power should be widely shared.

Which of the following statements are true about American ideals and government? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Americans believe that their government should have a high purpose. Americans generally believe that government power should be widely shared. American ideals are pessimistic. Throughout U.S. history, the ideals of liberty and equality have been upheld for all Americans.

Americans believe that their government should have a high purpose. Americans generally believe that government power should be widely shared.

Which of these is not considered to be a core value of American political ideals?Multiple choice question. A. liberty B. collectivism C. equality D. self-government

B. collectivism

United States today are Blank______.Multiple choice question. A. nearly equal to whites and other groups as far as their chances for a better life B. not equal in terms of opportunities for a better life for their children C. at parity with other groups in most measures of quality of life D. falling behind after almostachieving parity with other groups a few decades ago

B. not equal in terms of opportunities for a better life for their children

The tools of political science attempt to Blank______.Multiple choice question. A. influence political beliefs B. sharpen students' understanding of American politics C. solicit donations for just causes D. tell students what to think

B. sharpen students' understanding of American politics

A defining characteristic of American politics is Blank______.Multiple choice question .A. the concentration of power in the hands of a few B. the widespread sharing of power C. Its lack of media coverage D. its almost entirely hidden nature

B. the widespread sharing of power

Consitutionalism

BoOk: The idea that there are lawful restrictions on government power.///OnLiNe: The set of arrangements, including checks and balances, federalism, separation of powers, rule of law, due process, and a bill of rights, that requires our leaders to listen, think, bargain, and explain before they act or make laws. We then hold them politically and legally accountable for how they exercise their powers. public policies BoOk: Decisions by government to pursue particular courses of action.//OnLiNe:all the things a government decides to do

Politics are necessary for which of the following reasons? (Choose every correct answer.)Multiple selectIon. A. The people in a country all share B. the same thoughts. C. Conflict in a society is inevitable. D. Society's resources are limited. E. People do not all think alike.

C. Conflict in a society is inevitable. D. Society's resources are limited. E. People do not all think alike.

Which of the following statements about political institutions and interests in the United States is true? Multiple choice question. A. Corporate leaders have little power in the United States compared to other countries. B. The executive branch of the government wields almost all the power in the United States. C. Few nations have as many competing interests and institutions as the United States. D. Most nations have more competing interests and institutions than the United States.

C. Few nations have as many competing interests and institutions as the United States.

An elite few hold the power to govern in which of these forms of government? A. Democracy B. Autocracy C. Oligarchy D. Monarchy

C. Oligarchy

qThe overall way in which society settles conflicts and allocates the resulting benefits and costs is called ______.Multiple choice question. A.voting B. legislation C. politics D. public policy

C. Politics

In a(n) Blank______ form of democracy (for example, the type that might be conducted through town meetings) citizens decide policy instead of depending on elected representatives.Multiple choice question. A. autocratic B. oligarchic C. direct D. representative C. direct

C. direct

As practiced today, Blank______ is a system in which the government stresses economic equality and owns a number of major industries. Multiple choice question. A. Conservative B. capitalism C. socialism D. libertarianism

C. socialism

What best describes the ways in which our media system has presented obstacles to critical thinking in recent history? Multiple choice question. A.Some sources invent information that suits their purpose. B.Some sources purposely hide contradictory information. C.All the answers are correct. D.Media consumers fail to question media sources.

C..All the answers are correct

1As a discipline, politicl science relies upon___________, which requiers critical thinking. A. perdictionn B. inference C.Analysis D. Intition

C.Analysis

Which of the following statements are true about the motivations for creating American democracy? Multiple select question. Colonists, following Enlightenment ideas, wanted to overturn the European way of governing. The idea of individual potential could be achieved more easily in the New World than in the Old World. The American Revolution sought to create a radically different form of society. The American Revolution sought to create a similar form of society as that of England.

Colonists, following Enlightenment ideas, wanted to overturn the European way of governing. The idea of individual potential could be achieved more easily in the New World than in the Old World. The American Revolution sought to create a radically different form of society

Politics are necessary for which of the following reasons? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Society's resources are limited. People do not all think alike. The people in a country all share the same thoughts. Conflict in a society is inevitable.

Conflict in a society is inevitable.

In a(n) Blank______ form of democracy (for example, the type that might be conducted through town meetings) citizens decide policy instead of depending on elected representatives. A. oligarchic B. representative C.direct D.autocratic

Correct. C. Direct

Concerning power sharing, the United States is ______. A. comparable to Russia B. unique C. Comparable to India D. comparable to most western European nations

Correct: B. unique

Who or what owns the means of production in a free-market economic system? A.citizens with connections in the B.government C.state government D.private firms E.federal government

D .private firms

Which of the following statements about political institutions and interests in the United States is true? A. Corporate leaders have little power in the United States compared to other countries B. The executive branch of the government wields almost all the power in the United States C. Most nations have more competing interests and institutions than the United States. D. Few nations have as many competing interests and institutions as the United States.

D. Few nations have as many competing interests and institutions as the United States.

The ability of persons, groups, or institutions to influence political developments is called ______ .A. majoritarianism B. politics C. individualism D. Power

D. Power

Participants in a free-market economy depend primarily on which of the following for their economic security? A. Special interest group B. The government C. Foreign companies D. Themselves

D. Themselves

An economic system that operates mainly on private transactions where firms are free to make their own production, distribution, and pricing decisions is known as ______. A. socialism B. social democracy C. communism D. a free-market system

D. a free-market system

Political culture in the United States is bas3d upon Americans' _____________. A. Revolutionary spirit. B. allegiance to shared ancestry .C. Kinship groups. D. allegiace to common ideals.

D. allegiace to common ideals.

Some misinformation is expected, but widespread misinformation is dangerous because it makes ______. A. policy choices too plentiful B. people unlikely to vote C. government workers suspicious D. effective government difficult

D. effective government difficult

Basic to politics is ______, which is needed to influence political developments. A. a constitution B. a free-market C. democracy D. political power

D. political power

Which of the following is a core value of American political ideology? Multiple choice question. People should serve the government. Society is best served by an absolute government. Which of the following is a core value of American political ideology? Multiple choice question. People should serve the government. Society is best served by an absolute government. Government should serve the people. Government is unnecessary. Government is unnecessary.

Government is unnecessary.

What role, generally, do politicians play in misinformation? Multiple choice question. "Outsider" politicians have fought against misinformation for generations. Mainstream politicians have been the vanguard in the fight against misinformation. Most politicians try to distance themselves from any sort of deception or misinformation. Politicians' deceptions have always been part of our politics, and they have contributed to the current rise in misinformation.

Politicians' deceptions have always been part of our politics, and they have contributed to the current rise in misinformation.

Politics are necessary for which of the following reasons? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Conflict in a society is inevitable. The people in a country all share the same thoughts. Society's resources are limited. People do not all think alike.

Society's resources are limited. People do not all think alike. Conflict in a society is inevitable.

power

The ability of persons or institutions to control policy. (See also authority.)

party (partisan) polarization

The condition in which opinions and actions in response to political issues and situations divide substantially along political party lines.

constitutionalism

The idea that there are lawful limits on the power of government.

Elitism

The notion that wealthy and well-connected individuals exercise power over certain areas of public policy.

corporate power

The power that corporations exercise in their effort to influence government and maintain control of the workplace.

politics

The process through which a society settles its conflicts.

legal action

The use of courts of law as a means by which individuals protect their rights and settle their conflicts.

Which of the following is true of American democratic political ideals? Multiple choice question. They come from European Enlightenment beliefs about individual worth. They are based on a shared kinship that preceded the American government. They have always excluded ethnicity as a factor in measuring individual worth. They copied the standard governmental beliefs held in Europe in the 1600s.

They come from European Enlightenment beliefs about individual worth.

True or false: When large number of Americans are misinformed and base thierbehavoron tgat behavior on that misinformation, democracy is at risk.

True

True or false: When large numbers of Americans are misinformed and base their behavior on that misinformation, democracy is at risk.

True

`True or false: When large numbers of Americans are misinformed and base their behavior on that misinformation, democracy is at risk.

True

Which of the following were placed in the U.S. Constitution in order to prevent the tyranny of the majority? Multiple select question. a bill of rights separation of powers checks and balances supremacy clause

a bill of rights separation of powers checks and balances

An economic system that operates mainly on private transactions where firms are free to make their own production, distribution, and pricing decisions is known as Blank______. Multiple choice question. communism social democracy socialism a free-market system

a free-market system

socialism

a political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.

communism

a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.

Political culture in the United States is based upon Americans' ______. Multiple choice question. revolutionary spirit allegiance to shared ancestry allegiance to common ideals kinship groups

allegiance to common ideals

As a discipline, political science relies upon Blank______, which requires critical thinking. Multiple choice question. analysis intuition prediction inference

analysis

Select all that apply Which of the following were placed in the U.S. Constitution in order to prevent the tyranny of the majority? Multiple select question. checks and balances separation of powers a bill of rights supremacy clause

checks and balances separation of powers a bill of rights

The idea that there are lawful restrictions on government power is called ______.

constitutionalism

A form of government in which the power to govern is in the hands of the citizens, either directly or through representatives, is called a(n) Blank______. Multiple choice question. democracy dictatorship monarchy oligarchy

democracy

Some misinformation is expected, but widespread misinformation is dangerous because it makes ______.Multiple choice questions.A.people unlikely to voteB. government workers suspiciousC. policy choices too plentifulD. effective government difficult

effective government difficult

Elements of constitutionalism include Blank______. Multiple select question. lawful restrictions of governmental power officials being required to follow the laws the protection of individual rights immunity from prosecution for elected officials

lawful restrictions of governmental power officials being required to follow the laws the protection of individual rights

In terms of opportunity, Blacks in the United States today are Blank______. Multiple choice question. nearly equal to whites and other groups as far as their chances for a better life at parity with other groups in most measures of quality of life falling behind after almost achieving parity with other groups a few decades ago not equal in terms of opportunities for a better life for their children

not equal in terms of opportunities for a better life for their children

Basic to politics is Blank______, which is needed to influence political developments. Multiple choice question. democracy a free market political power a constitution

political power

Which of the following are tools that political science offers to increase one's ability to think critically? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. reliable information about how the U.S. political system operates opinions that confirm a citizen's already held beliefs systematic generalizations about major tendencies in American politics terms and concepts that precisely describe aspects of politics

reliable information about how the U.S. political system operates systematic generalizations about major tendencies in American politics

The tools of political science attempt to Blank______. Multiple choice question. solicit donations for just causes sharpen students' understanding of American politics tell students what to think influence political beliefs

sharpen students' understanding of American politics

Autocracy

single individual, such as a kin or dictator.