Ch. 1 psyc 3060

Which of the following is used to measure potentially dysfunctional behavior in an organization? a. Absenteeism b. Job satisfaction c. Job dissatisfaction d. Organizational commitment e. Employee engagement

Absenteeism

By focusing on organizational behavior, a business seeks to understand how a. organizational systems shape employee behavior. b. organizational structures shape employee behavior. c. organizational processes shape employee behavior. d. organizational decisions shape employee behavior. e. All of these are correct

All of these are correct

Organizations pursuing a strategy of keeping costs and prices low usually try to develop a competitive advantage using which of the following? a. Operational excellence b. Differentiation c. Cost analysis d. Employee training e. Product innovation

Operational excellence

A manager who groups jobs into units is performing which of the following functions of management? a. Planning b. Organizing c. Controlling d. Supervising e. Leading

Organizing

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the nature of organizational behavior? a. The environment surrounding the organization b. Individuals' expectations and goals c. The organization itself d. Formal organizational policies and procedures e. Product price levels

Product price levels

Dr. Deming's __________ cycle of continuous improvement identifies fourteen principles that make any organization efficient and capable of solving problems. a. plan-do-check-act b. check-research-study-do c. act-interpret-evaluate-plan d. do-understand-analyze-plan e. research-analyze-evaluate-understand

plan-do-check-act

A person's __________ is a relatively narrow indicator of efficiency measured by the employee's products or services created per unit of input. a. productivity b. absenteeism c. turnover d. profitability e. cost-effectiveness

productivity

Successful business strategies enable organizations to create and maintain a competitive advantage that is a. inflexible. b. sustainable. c. volatile. d. intangible. e. All of these are correct.

sustainable

The systems perspective defines a system as ---------. a. an interrelated set of elements that function as a whole b. the central technology of the organization c. a procedure for fair and impartial performance appraisals d. the ideal process to complete any organizational task e. a collection of independent organizations

an interrelated set of elements that function as a whole

A __________ provides an organization an edge over rivals. a. cultural privilege b. business bias c. personal talent d. competitive advantage e. monopoly

competitive advantage

The __________ effect occurs when people improve an aspect of their behavior or performance because they are aware they are being assessed. a. Hamilton b. Henricks c. Hawthorne d. Hampton e. Hoover

Hawthorne

__________ management is based on the belief that productivity is maximized when organizations are rationalized with precise sets of instructions based on time-and-motion studies. a. Scientific b. Sociological c. Straightforward d. Strategic e. Stratospheric

Scientific

A manager's ability to develop optimal solutions to problems is evident by their a. conceptual skills. b. time management skills. c. diagnostic skills. d. interpersonal skills. e. technical skills.

diagnostic skills

Evaluating employee performance is an example of the managerial function of a. leading. b. decision making. c. organizing. d. planning. e. controlling

controlling

The __________ variable in an experiment is the predictor, which researchers expect is affecting another factor. a. dependent b. independent c. codependent d. interdependent e. measured

independent

When organizations focus on the "softer" side of business, including organizational behavior factors, it can lead to a. weaker leadership. b. loss of trust among employees. c. better relationships with vendors. d. more motivated and more engaged employees. e. less motivated and less engaged employees.

more motivated and more engaged employees.

Following a systems approach, the profit Walmart receives from its services is identified as a type of a. technology. b. output. c. input. d. transformation. e. contingency.

output.

The effective management of __________ is key to the creation of a competitive advantage as well as business strategy execution. a. people b. financial resources c. raw materials d. distribution channels e. communication channels

people

The __________ method relies on systematic studies that identify and replicate results using a variety of methods,samples, and settings. a. philosophical b. statistical c. mathematical d. scientific e. humanist

scientific

Businesses that use a __________ strategy focus on a narrow market segment or niche. a. cost leadership b. differentiation c. specialization d. growth e. psychological

specialization

Which of the following is an example of a hypothesis? a. Setting a goal will be positively related to the number of products assembled. b. A researcher found a 0.8 correlation between goal setting and productivity. c. Personally, I am more productive when I set goals. d. I wonder if there is a relationship between goal setting and productivity. e. There is no way to determine whether goal setting is positively or negatively related to productivity.

Setting a goal will be positively related to the number of products assembled.

The __________ variable in an experiment is the criterion, which researchers expect is affected by another factor. a. dependent b. independent c. codependent d. interdependent e. control

dependent

All of the following are inputs an organization receives from its environment EXCEPT a. money. b. materials. c. people. d. employee behaviors. e. information.

employee behaviors.

A __________ is a collection of verbal and symbolic assertions that specify how and why two or more variables are related, and the conditions under which they should and should not relate. a. hypothesis b. theory c. data set d. fact e. statistic

theory

The systems approach is beneficial to managers because it a. underscores the importance of the organization's environment. b. provides a set of procedures to make decisions. c. enables them to eliminate interactions among various elements of the organization. d. reduces the risk of human error. e. shifts the focus from outside the company to inside the company

underscores the importance of the organization's environment