Ch. 1 Test (What is Biology?)

Empirical evidence is the term used to describe A) Information gained by direct observation of an event. B) Cause and effect relationships. C) Events that are known by their one-time occurance. D) All of the above.

A) Information gained by direct observation of an event.

The essential aspects of metabolism are A) Nutrient uptake, nutrient processing, waste elimination. B) Energy production and the subsequent growth and reproduction of the organism. C) Irritability, individual adaptation, population adaptation. D) The biochemical reactions leading to the responsive processes.

A) Nutrient uptake, nutrient processing, waste elimination.

The most accurate statement about an experiment is that it A) Recreates an event in order to test a hypothesis. B) Compares data gathered from two or more groups (such as an experimental group and a control group). C) Must be reliable in order to be valid. D) Must lead to the formulation of a theory.

A) Recreates an event in order to test a hypothesis.

A plausible, scientifically acceptable generalization is A) a theory. B) a law. C) a hypothesis. D) empirical evidence.

A) a theory.

Which one of the following is NOT an example of how biological information is used? A) development of catalytic converters B) disposal methods for infectious waste C) using bacteria to produce medicines for humans D) collecting data on clear cutting of forested areas

A) development of catalytic converters

Science can be differentiated from nonscience because scientific results are A) repeatable B) always collected in a laboratory C) based on single events D) formed from opinions

A) repeatable

Which of the following is most true? A) the progress of science is determined by the kinds of questions asked B) a stated hypothesis is always correct C) scientists cannot make errors D) empirical evidence will not support hypotheses

A) the progress of science is determined by the kinds of questions asked

When considering the differences between science and nonscience, it is important to remember that topics covered by nonscience A) Are highly predictable but not provable. B) Are speculative rather than verifiable. C) Do not challenge previous assumptions. D) All of the above.

B) Are speculative rather than verifiable.

In setting up a scientific experiment, the __________ is the object or situation that is artificially changed and the __________ is the object or situation that is not changed. A) Control / variable B) Variable / control C) Generative factor / variable D) Variable / generative factor

B) Variable / control

When dealing with responsive processes: A) metabolic processes decrease. B) populations evolve through time. C) organisms grow. D) individuals coordinate activities.

B) populations evolve through time.

Scientific conclusions are reliable if A) they are supported by empirical evidence. B) the same results are obtained in successive trials. C) the scientific method was followed. D) they support the hypothesis.

B) the same results are obtained in successive trials.

Which is the correct sequence, from simplest to most complex? A) Nonliving material, cell, organ, tissue, organ system, organism B) Nonliving material, tissue, cell, organ system, organ, organism C) Nonliving material, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism D) Cell, tissue, organ, system, organism, nonliving material

C) Nonliving material, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Which statement(s) is/are true about pseudoscience? A) Pseudoscience is approximately the same as nonscience. B) Pseudoscience does not involve testable hypotheses. C) Pseudoscience misuses scientific methods, often to confuse or mislead the public. D) All of the above. As currently written both B and C are correct.

C) Pseudoscience misuses scientific methods, often to confuse or mislead the public.

Which statement(s) is/are generally considered to be true by the scientific community? A) Eventually science will be able to provide answers for all the problems facing humanity. B) Science is limited by the ability of people to interpret information. C) The scientific method can be applied to all types of situations. D) All of the above.

C) The scientific method can be applied to all types of situations.

In a controlled experiment, the experimental group A) should be identical to the control group. B) is not necessary if there is a control group. C) differs from the control group by one variable. D) should consist of one test individual.

C) differs from the control group by one variable.

Which of the following has the least supporting evidence? A) theory B) law C) hypothesis D) all of the above have equal supporting evidence

C) hypothesis

Which of the following is the most specific? A) theory B) law C) hypothesis D) all of the above are equally specific

C) hypothesis

A theory A) Is a widely accepted, plausible generalization about fundamental concepts in science. B) Is a concept that shapes how scientists look at the world. C) Is rarely disproved. D) All of the above.

D) All of the above.

The study of biology includes A) The study of living things and how they interact with their surroundings. B) The legal questions of life and death. C) The chemistry and physics of living organisms. D) All of the above.

D) All of the above.

Which of the following could be considered a direct practical application or result of biological research? A) Pigs with increased meat and decreased fat. B) People being immunized against communicable diseases. C) Control of insects and fungi in the agricultural realms. D) All of the above.

D) All of the above.

Which of the following is/are a direct result of damage caused by human activities? A) The water levels in Everglades National Park in Florida have fallen dangerously low because of farming practices. B) Salmon populations have decreased because of deforestation. C) Preventing forest fires has allowed "undesirable" species of organisms to propagate. D) All of the above.

D) All of the above.

Which statement(s) is/are true about control processes? A) These processes assure the sequence and rate of metabolic reactions. B) These processes are coordinated by enzymes. C) These processes are linked to specific biochemical pathways. D) All of the above.

D) All of the above.

Which statement(s) is/are true about science? A) Science is a process by which knowledge is accumulated. B) Science is a method rather than an accumulation of facts. C) Science involves testing possible solutions to certain types of problems. D) All of the above.

D) All of the above.

Empirical evidence A) is information gained by observation. B) may be obtained directly by the senses or indirectly with instruments. C) should be verified or disproved by further observation. D) all of the above.

D) all of the above.

Which of these is a biological problem? A) famine in Rhodesia B) hurricanes killed thousands in Honduras C) pesticide research leads to toxic waste D) all of these have a biological component

D) all of these have a biological component

Metabolic processes include A) nutrient processing. B) waste elimination. C) nutrient uptake. D) all of these.

D) all of these.

Which one of the following represents a generative process? A) enzymes B) individual adaptation C) nutrient uptake D) cell division

D) cell division

Which of the following is an applied science? A) particle physics B) evolution C) astronomy D) genetic engineering

D) genetic engineering

Which of the following is an applied science? A) particle physics B) evolution C) astronomy D) genetic engineering

D) genetic engineering

Which is least likely to be understood using the scientific method? A) if it is possible to attract someone by their smell B) if life ever existed on Mars C) how to float your boat D) if you will be successful in this course

D) if you will be successful in this course

Which of the following statements provides the BEST statement of a hypothesis? a. I suspect that most people have the ability to identify cabbage by its smell b. I know there is life on Mars c. I think that there will be inventions that will allow greater amounts of food to be produced d. I can sing better than you

a. I suspect that most people have the ability to identify cabbage by its smell

Which of the following terms BEST describes the scientific method? a. Process b. Event c. Communication d. Sequential

a. Process

Evolution is the a. Slow change in the genetic makeup of a population of organisms over may generations b. Fast change in the genetic makeup of a population of organisms over may generations c. Slow change in the genetic makeup of an individual over a lifetime d. Fast change in the genetic makeup of an individual over a lifetime

a. Slow change in the genetic makeup of a population of organisms over may generations

A hypothesis is BEST described as a. A general principle b. A logical explanation that can be tested c. A theory d. A generally accepted concept

b. A logical explanation that can be tested

A good experimental design should a. Be designed to prove a hypothesis is correct b. Be able to be repeated c. Not have an independent variable d. All of these statements are true

b. Be able to be repeated

A control group differs from an experimental group a. In the number of test organisms used b. By the independent variable c. In several ways d. In no way

b. By the independent variable

An experimental group a. Is the same as the control group b. Differs from the control group by one variable c. Differs from the control group by several variables d. Is not necessary if an experiment contains a control group

b. Differs from the control group by one variable

All of the chemical reactions that take place within your body are known as a. Organismal structure b. Metabolism c. Irritability d. Adaptation

b. Metabolism

Pseudoscience and nonscience differ in that a. Nonscience is not valuable and pseudoscience is valuable b. Pseudoscience deceives, misleads, or misinforms and this is not a primary characteristic of nonscience c. Nonscience forms hypotheses and pseudoscience does not d. Pseudoscience has led to major changes in intellectual thought and nonscience has not

b. Pseudoscience deceives, misleads, or misinforms and this is not a primary characteristic of nonscience

Data that are meaningful and fit into the framework of scientific knowledge are a. Reliable b. Valid c. Fact d. A scientific law

b. Valid

Which of the following would be LEAST likely to use the results of scientific research in his or her daily profession? a. Farmer b. Doctor c. Artist d. Engineer

c. Artist

Science a. Answers questions concerning values and morals b. Creates theories and laws that are always true c. Is a process used to arrive at a solution to a problem d. Has all of the answers to the problems that plague mankind

c. Is a process used to arrive at a solution to a problem

If you want to set up a controlled experiment to determine the effects of caffeine on sleeping behavior in mice, you take a group of mice and divide it into two groups. Both are fed the same food, both are watered, both have 12 hours daylight, and 12 hours dark. Group one is given caffeine. What is appropriate to give to group two? a. 2 × amount of caffeine b. 1/2 × amount of caffeine c. No caffeine d. Caffeine in different form

c. No caffeine

When a concept has been tested repeatedly and appears to be a uniform or constant fact of nature, it is called a. Empirical evidence b. A hypothesis c. A deduction d. A law

d. A law

Which term BEST describes populations of trees, insects, mammals, fungi, bacteria, and many other organisms that interact in any location? a. Biosphere b. Ecosystem c. Bioregion d. Community

d. Community

Increased heart rate associated with running is an example of a ____________ process. a. Metabolic b. Generative c. Responsive d. Control

d. Control

If one group is given some medicine that may cure a disease and the other group is given a sugar pill, the group who got the medicine is the a. Hypothetical group b. Scientific group c. Control group d. Experimental group

d. Experimental group

The scientific method involves each of the following EXCEPT a. Systematic search for information b. Observation and experimentation c. Forming and testing possible solutions d. Formulation of laws and principles that control the observed facts

d. Formulation of laws and principles that control the observed facts

Pseudoscience a. Uses science to solve practical problems b. Is the purest form of science c. Has no factual basis d. May interpret scientific facts to deceive

d. May interpret scientific facts to deceive

Which is NOT a characteristic of all life? a. Responsiveness b. Evolution c. Reproduction d. Random cell structure

d. Random cell structure