CH 10-12

Cafeteria-style

A fringe benefit plan where employees choose the package of benefits they want up to a certain dollar amount is called a __________ plan. flexible spending variable lifestyle 401K cafeteria-style

description

A job __________ is a statement that identifies the objectives of a job, the type of work to be done, the responsibilities and duties that are associated with the job, the working conditions, and the relationship of the job to other functions. description evaluation analysis specification

the leaders of the AFL wanted to organize only skilled workers, while Lewis and his followers wanted to organize both unskilled and skilled workers.

A major reason John L. Lewis and his followers broke with the AFL and formed the CIO was that the leaders of the AFL wanted to organize only skilled workers, while Lewis and his followers wanted to organize both unskilled and skilled workers. Lewis believed that the AFL would be more flexible and responsive to its members if it split into several smaller organizations, each representing workers with one specific skill. Lewis felt that the AFL was growing too fast. the leaders of the AFL wanted to focus on political objectives while Lewis and his followers wanted to focus on economic objectives.

Lockout

A(n) __________ occurs when management temporarily closes a business to deny employment to workers. lockout secondary boycott employment injunction involuntary strike

providing services for employees according to their specific needs

According to U.S. business law, accommodation means careful consideration before firing someone and hiring two younger persons to replace him/her. making certain that if one employee gets medical leave during a fiscal year, that all other employees get an equal amount of leave during the year. treating all employees fairly. providing services for employees according to their specific needs.

Is the reward for completing the task worth the effort involved?

According to Victor Vroom, which question is an employee likely to ask before deciding to exert his or her maximum effort toward completing a task? Are other employees working on the same type of task? Is the reward for completing the task worth the effort involved? Is this task more difficult than my previous work? How often will I be expected to do this task?

Primary Boycott

After Five Brewing Company and the AFL-CIO are in an eight-month-long labor dispute. The AFL-CIO has called on its membership and the general public to refuse to purchase After Five Brewing products. The AFL-CIO is calling for a secondary boycott. primary boycott. public boycott. general boycott.

taking an inventory of current employees and their capabilities.

As part of the HR planning process, the manager begins by assessing the current labor situation at the company. Essentially, this means Taking an inventory of current employees and their capabilities. Preparing job specifications Preparing job analyses. Comparing the number of employees to the number of available positions.

Arbitrator

At the Ashley Corporation, union and management have not been able to reach a mutually satisfactory agreement on a grievance. The two sides have agreed to bring in a(n) __________ who will examine the evidence and arguments on both sides and issue a binding decision. union steward foreman arbitrator mediator

design tests that are directly related to an applicant's ability to perform the job.

Claire is a human resource manager with Bright Start Industries. Her current assignment is to revise and update Bright Start's employment testing procedures. Claire should inform her superiors that such tests are now illegal. write tests sufficiently difficult that only a small fraction of qualified workers can pass them. design tests that are directly related to an applicant's ability to perform the job. design tests that measure general aptitudes rather than ability to do the job.

Physiological needs

Dillon dropped out of school and needs to support himself, though he has few skills. He is a part-time employee at a convenience store earning minimum wage. Dillon wants to earn more but hasn't been able to find a better job since he is without the right qualifications. He is having a hard time paying his rent and his mounting bills. He even started to skip breakfast to save on food costs. Dillon is having trouble meeting his physiological needs. social needs. self-actualization needs. esteem needs.

Set attainable performance goals

Expectancy theory suggests that managers attempting to improve employee performance would be well advised to keep salaries earned by employees confidential. set attainable performance goals. focus on setting monetary rewards for meeting the standards. make sure that all employees are expected to meet the same standards.

hostile work environment

Harassment that creates an intimidating or offensive work environment falls under the type of sexual harassment known as a(n) hostile work environment quid pro quo. de jure harassment. extroverted harassment.

job content

Herzberg found that factors that provided the highest level of motivation were mostly associated with job content. the style of management. level of pay. general working conditions.

A sense of achievement

Herzberg's research found that the factor that ranked highest as a motivator was the presence of clear and consistent company rules and policies. a sense of achievement. the friendliness of supervisors. a compensation system that included bonuses and regular pay raises.

job rotation; apprentice; off-the-job

If you aspire to become a sous chef, you will pursue several types of training and development. Your __________ will include how to perform as a line chef, as you work your way through pastry, grill, pantry, and sauté. As a(n) __________, you will work alongside another sous chef for a few years in order to learn how to juggle all the middle-management type of activities expected of this professional. Your __________ training will be extensive, as you go to culinary school, attend a community college, and/or take management classes to help you learn to minimize conflict in the kitchen as well as improve the productivity of those you manage. job rotation; apprentice; off-the-job on-the-job training; understudy; vestibule apprenticeship; simulator; off-the-job apprenticeship; understudy; online

Union

In a(n) __________ shop, workers do not have to belong to a union before they are hired, but they must join a union within a specified period (usually 30, 60, or 90 days) in order to keep their job. union open closed agency

the AFL and CIO merged.

In the early years, there were power struggles among the larger national unions. Leaders recognized that there was power in numbers. After the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act in 1947, the unions collapsed for several years. the "Change to Win" campaign emerged .the AFL and CIO merged. the CIO defeated the AFL.

Helping

In the work environment, __________ means to work with an employee, doing part of the work if necessary. helping teaching guiding coaching

minimum wage laws and laws against child labor.

Labor unions were largely responsible for establishing the Republican party. the passage of NAFTA. minimum wage laws and laws against child labor. the basic structure of the federal income tax system.

may discriminate against certain groups

One of the main complaints made by critics of employment tests is that these tests fail to take the interests and personalities of the test takers into account. take so long to conduct and evaluate that they slow down the selection process. cannot measure basic competencies. may discriminate against certain groups.

legal in some states, but only if given to everyone applying for the position.

Pre-employment physical examinations are legal in some states, but only if given to everyone applying for the position. illegal under current employment legislation in all 50 states. legal in all states, but seldom used. an excellent way to screen out employees.

Type J, unlike Type A, environments embrace consensual decision making and have a concern for the employee's life at work and outside of work.

Reflecting upon the differences in Type J and Type A work environments, which statement is fundamental to Type J? Type J, unlike Type A, environments embrace consensual decision making and have a concern for the employee's life at work and outside of work. Type J, unlike Type A, environments believe in more prompt and expeditious promotion for employees. Type J environments fiercely protect the individual rights of workers. Type J environments are only concerned about the employee functions at work.

Workers should not be required to join a union to keep their jobs. However, since all workers enjoy the benefits obtained through collective bargaining, even those who do not join should pay a fee to support the union.

Sanjay believes that an agency shop is the most desirable union security arrangement. Which statement would be most likely to represent Sanjay's views? A union can succeed in its collective bargaining efforts only if it represents all workers. Therefore, workers should be required to join the union soon after they are hired. Workers should not be required to join a union to keep their jobs. However, since all workers enjoy the benefits obtained through collective bargaining, even those who do not join should pay a fee to support the union. Unions should be replaced by employee stock ownership plans that give workers a say in the management of their firms. Workers should be allowed to join a union if they wish, but they should not be required to join or pay a fee to the union in order to keep their job.

were more productive than other employees regardless of the level of lighting.

The Hawthorne studies found that employees in the experimental group performed much better under bright lighting than they did when the lighting was dim. performed poorly because they were distracted by all of the attention they received. were more productive than other employees regardless of the level of lighting. were more creative when working individually than they were when working in teams.

Secondary Boycott

The Teamsters are currently involved in a labor dispute with RealFruit Corp. The union has already encouraged its members and the general public not to buy RealFruit products. Now it is threatening Food Junction grocery stores with the possibility of a boycott if it continues to carry the RealFruit line. Food Junction is being threatened with a(n) jurisdictional boycott. primary boycott. informational boycott. secondary boycott.

Performance Appraisal

The __________ is an evaluation of the performance level of employees against established standards to make decisions about promotions, compensation, additional training, or firing. job analysis objective analysis mission statement performance appraisal

Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967

The __________ protects individuals over the age of 40 from discrimination based on age with respect to issues such as hiring, promotions, job benefits, and assignments. Employee Rights and Responsibilities Act of 1983 Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1998 Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

Wagner

The __________Act established the National Labor Relations Board. Fair Labor Standards Wagner Taft-Hartley Norris-LaGuardia

find ways to cooperate with management in training workers and redesigning jobs.

The ability of unions to achieve key goals in the future will depend on their ability to repeal the Wagner Act and the Norris-LaGuardia Act in order to eliminate restrictions on union tactics. find ways to cooperate with management in training workers and redesigning jobs. reestablish their base of strength in the manufacturing sector. return to the confrontational tactics used successfully in the 1930s when unions grew rapidly.

the human side of motivation

The findings of the Hawthorne studies led researchers to look more closely at how __________ could lead to better productivity. the human side of motivation changes in physical working conditions disciplinary factors and punishment changes in salary and benefits

prepare a human resource inventory

The first step in the human resources planning process is to Prepare a human resource inventory. Prepare job specifications for each position within the organization. Prepare a forecast of human resource needs. Assess future labor demand.

Shop Steward

The majority of grievances between labor and management are resolved by a(n) __________ who works in the organization and represents employees on a daily basis. shop steward arbitrator mediator president

provide sales representatives with a strong incentive to generate more sales for the company.

The most likely reason a firm would pay its sales representatives a commission rather than a salary is that it wants to provide sales representatives with a strong incentive to generate more sales for the company. give the sales representatives a stronger incentive to collaborate with each other and act as a team. be able to deduct the cost of compensating the sales representatives from its taxable income. keep the pay system as simple as possible.

negotiate a labor-management agreement that both the union and management are willing to accept.

The primary purpose of collective bargaining is to limit the authority of management to set job categories and direct worker activities. ensure worker participation in setting the goals and objectives of the company. establish and communicate clear guidelines for performance appraisals. negotiate a labor-management agreement that both the union and management are willing to accept.

They allow workers a say in company management

The social partnerships in place in Germany are beneficial because they allow workers a say in company management. they eliminate the need for arbitration. they create a board consisting of members of the public and those not associated with the firm. they promote strikes and boycotts to minimize company power.

workers must be controlled in order to achieve a company's goals

Theory X managers are likely to believe that workers must be controlled in order to achieve a company's goals. most employees know more about their job than the boss. employees are motivated mainly by the chance for advancement and recognition. most workers seek out more responsibility.

to consider whether the sales reps believe that this reward is attainable.

Trisha manages a sales force that sells laboratory supplies to university science labs. She wants to implement a reward program for high performance based on the principles of expectancy theory. Any rep whose territory bills over $500,000 in sales will win a trip for two to a Caribbean island. Last year the high billing territory made $400,000 in sales. As the outside consultant on the rewards program project, you suggest that she ask around to make certain that this is something the reps would enjoy. Your other advice is that monetary rewards are never motivators. to make certain the payout threshold is sufficiently high so that very few reps will be able to reach the sales goal. to consider whether the sales reps believe that this reward is attainable. if after several months into the sales contest it appears that several reps are over halfway to meeting this goal, there may be a need to increase the payout threshold.

Promotions from within

Two advantages of using __________ to fill open positions are: (1) it improves the morale of current employees, and (2) the person filling the position is already familiar with the organization's culture and procedures. unskilled workers apprenticed workers external sources promotions from within

sexual harassment

What is likely to remain a controversial labor-management issue in the future? enforcement of the Taft-Hartley Act the use of yellow-dog contracts sexual harassment a resurgence of the Knights of Labor

through e-mail

Which description appropriately reflects the way that Gen Xers prefer to communicate at work? face to face through e-mail in small group meetings through conference calls

job simplification

Which practice would be most consistent with the views of scientific management? job enrichment job enlargement job rotation job simplification

Home-based work allows workers to choose their own hours and interrupt work for childcare and other tasks, but this freedom and flexibility can create problems for some workers.

Which statement about home-based work is most accurate? Although home-based work may become very popular in the future, only a small percentage of workers currently work at home on a regular basis. Home-based work allows workers to choose their own hours and interrupt work for childcare and other tasks, but this freedom and flexibility can create problems for some workers. Home-based work tends to increase the productivity of almost all workers, since people tend to be more productive when they are comfortable and can work flexible hours. Home-based work offers big advantages for many workers, but is likely to increase costs for employers significantly.

Shifts in the economy have led to a huge pool of skilled and unskilled workers from declining industries that are either unemployed or are underemployed.

Which statement about human resource management opportunities and challenges is most accurate? So many people have sought training in high-tech areas such as robotics and computers that there is likely to be a huge surplus of labor in high-tech industries. Shifts in the economy have led to a huge pool of skilled and unskilled workers from declining industries that are either unemployed or are underemployed. Workers now would rather have more income rather than more leisure. Therefore, many employees now want to work more than 40 hours per week. Workers now desire more stability and predictability in their careers, so they now give their employers more loyalty and expect more loyalty from their employers in return.

Students can begin building network connections in college, even before they take on their first, full-time professional job.

Which statement about networking is the most accurate? Women have more difficulty forming networks than men because they can be barred from male-only clubs and social organizations where much of the networking occurs. Although African American and Hispanic managers are becoming aware of the importance of networking, there are no organizations available to help them make networking connections. White males are much more aware of the importance of networking than women and minorities. Students can begin building network connections in college, even before they take on their first, full-time professional job.

Human resource management functions have become so important that in many firms all managers now perform them.

Which statement best describes the current view of the role of human resource management within a firm? A) Human resource management has become so complex that only highly-trained specialists should make human resource decisions. B) Changes in technology have largely done away with the need for a separate human resource department. C) Human resource management functions have become so important that in many firms all managers now perform them. D) Human resource management is largely a clerical function that involves keeping records, processing payroll, and making sure that federal regulations are met.

When all is said and done, employees must motivate themselves.

Which statement would a proponent of management by objectives likely make? Top management is best qualified to set the organization's overall goals. In order to achieve important goals, managers must rely more on helping employees rather than coaching them. When all is said and done, employees must motivate themselves. Most employees are motivated more by pay than by recognition.

Job Enrichment

__________ emphasizes motivating the worker through the characteristics of the job itself. Job enrichment Job engineering Scientific management Automation

Certification

__________ is the process by which a union becomes recognized by the National Labor Relations Board as the bargaining agent for a group of employees. Compensation Certification Arbitration Accreditation

Human resource management

__________ is the process of evaluating human resource needs and then recruiting, selecting, developing, motivating, evaluating, compensating, and scheduling employees to achieve organizational goals. Performance grouping Human resource management Staffing Job analysis