CH 10- Patient Assessment

Ace your homework & exams now with Quizwiz!

Which of the following medical history questions would be of LEAST pertience in an acute situation?

"Does your mother have diabetes?"

Which of the following questions would you ask a patient to ascertain the "M" in the SAMPLE history?

"How much Tylenol do you take each day?"

Which of the following patient responses would establish the "E" in the SAMPLE history?

"I was mowing the lawn when the pain began"

Which of the following questions is used to determine a patient's chief complaint?

"What seems to be the matter?"

The normal respiratory rate for an adult should range from

12 to 20 breaths per minute

A 29-year-old male with a head injury opens his eyes when you speak to him, is confused as to the time and date, and is able to move all of his extremities on command. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is

13

During a 30-minute transport of a stable patient, you should reassess him or her at least ________ times

2

When you assess capillary refill time in an infant, normal color to the tested area should return within

2 seconds

Normal respiratory rates should not exceed _______ breaths/min in toddlers and _______ breaths/min in infants

40, 60

A patient in unstable condition should be reassessed at least every

5 minutes

For an adult, the normal resting pulse should be between

60 and 100 beats/min

In the adult, bradycardia is defined as a pulse rate less than _______ beats/min, and tachycardia is defined as a heart rate greater than _______ beats/min

60, 100

The rapid exam of a patient that occurs following the primary assessment should take no longer than

90 seconds

The goal of oxygen for most patients is an oxygen saturation of

94% to 99%

In which of the following situations is a pertinent negative identified?

A 59-year-old man complains of crushing chest pain but denies shortness of breath

Which of the following scenarios does NOT involve the presence of any symptoms?

A 61-year-old female who is unconscious with facial cyanosis

Which of the following patients has signs of an altered mental status?

A patient with a head injury who is slow to answer questions

Which of the following is the MOST effective method of assessing the quality of air movement in the lungs?

Auscultating breath sounds with a stethoscope

When should you take standard precautions during an EMS call?

Before exiting the ambulance and before actual patient contact

Which of the following factors would MOST likely cause a patient's pulse rate to be slower than normal?

Beta blocker medications

Which of the following assessments would be the MOST useful in determining the possible cause of a patient's altered mental status?

Blood glucose level

Which of the following statements regarding the blood pressure is correct?

Blood pressure is usually not measured in children younger than 3 years of age

Which of the following pupillary changed would indicate depressed brain function?

Both pupils are sluggish with introduction of a bright light

Which of the following statements regarding stridor is correct?

It is a high-pitched, crowing upper airwar sound

What maneuver should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive patient with suspected trauma?

Jaw-thrust maneuver

For which the following patients is spinal immobilization clearly indicated?

Man with altered mental status after being exposed to blunt force trauma

An injured patient is assigned a total score of 9 on the GCS. He is assigned a score of 2 for eye opening, a score of 3 for verbal response, and a score of 4 for motor response. Which of the following clinical findings is consistent with his GCS score?

Opens eyes in response to pain, uses inappropriate words, withdraws from pain

Which of the following is the MOST accurate guide to palpating a pulse?

Place the tips of your index and long fingers over the pulse point

Which of the following actions would NOT be performed during the scene size-up?

Rapidly assessing a patient's respiratory status

Which of the following situations or conditions warrants immediate transports?

Severe chest pain and cool, pale skin

Which of the following would the EMT likely NOT perform on a responsive patient with a headache and no apparent life-threating conditions?

Systematic head-to-toe examination

Which of the following statements regarding the mechanism of injury (MOI) is correct?

The MOIT may allow you to predict the severity of a patient's injuries

Which of the following statements regarding the secondary assessment is correct?

The secondary assessment should focus on a certain area or region of the body as determined by the chief complaint

Which of the following occurs when a patient's respirations are shallow?

Tidal volume is markedly reduced

A 71-year-old female slipped on a rug and fell. She is conscious but confused and complains of severe pelvic pain. Her respirations are 22 breaths/min, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. What should you do?

Treat her for possible shock

When is the MOST appropriate to consider requesting additional ambulances at an accident scene?

When you determine there are multiple patients

Which of the following statements regarding the secondary assessment is correct?

You may not have time to perform a secondary assessment if you must continually manage life threats that were identified during the primary assessment

Which of the following findings indicates that your patient has a patent airway?

ability to speak

Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to cause an altered level of consciousness?

acute anxiety

An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. You assess her level of consciousness as unresponsive using the AVPU scale. Your initial care should focus on

airway, breathing, and circulation

Treatment and transport priorities at the scene of a mass-casualty incident should be determined after

all the patients have been triaged

Palliating factors regarding a patient's pain involve those that

alleviate the pain

When using the pulse oximeter as part of your assessment of a patient, it is important to remember that

any situation that causes vasoconstriction or loss of red blood cells, such as anemia or bleeding, may result in an inaccurate or misleading value

A 39-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the groin during during an altercation at a bar. As you approach the patient, you note that he conscious, is screaming in pain, and is attempting to control the bleeding, which is bright red and spurting from his groin area. You should

apply direct pressure to the wound

External bleeding from an extremity can usually be controlled by a combination of

applying direct pressure

Poor peripheral circulation will cause the skin to appear

ashen

You recieve a call to a daycare center for an unresponsive 8-month-old infant. Upon arrival, you perform an assessment and determine that the infant is not breathing. Your next action should be to

assess for a brachial pulse for 5 to 10 seconds

You are dispatched to the county jail for an inmate who is "sick". When you arrive, you find the patient, a 33-year-old male, unresponsive. His airway is patent, and his respirations are rapid and shallow. Your initial action should be to

assist his ventilations

When palpating the carotid pulse of a responsive patient, you should

avoid compressing both carotid arteries simultaneously

An adult patient who is NOT experiencing difficulty breathing will

be able to speak in complete sentences without unusual pauses

When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be to

become smaller

When auscultating the blood pressure in a patient's upper extremity, you should place the diaphragm (head) of the stethoscope over the _________ artery

brachial

When performing the secondary assessment on trauma patient, you note the prescence of Battle sign. This is defined as

bruising behind the ear

While en route to the scene of a shooting, the dispatcher advises you that the caller states that the perpetrator has fled the scene. You should

confirm this information with law enforcement personnel at the scene

When you inspect a patient's pupils with a penlight, the pupils should normally react to the light by

constricting

When palpating a patient's pulse, you note that is is grossly irregular. You should

count the pulse rate for a full minute to obtain an accurate reading

When assessing the skin of an unresponsive patient, you note that it has a bluish tint to it. This finding is called

cyanosis

A patient's short-term memory is MOST likely intact if he or she correctly answers questions regarding

day and event

Cyanosis of the skin is caused by

decreased blood oxygen

Capnography is used to

determine how much carbon dioxide is being exhaled

A 50-year-old male is found unconscious in his car. There were no witnesses to the event. When gathering medical history information for this patient, the EMT should

determine if the patient has a medical alert bracelet or wallet card

When evaluating a patient with multiple complaints, the EMT's responsibility is to

determine which complaint poses the greatest threat to the patient's life

A patient with profuse sweating is referred to as being

diaphoretic

When approaching a 32-year-old male who is complaining of traumatic neck pain, you should

ensure that the patient can see you approaching him

Upon arriving at a potentially unsafe scene, you should first

ensure that you are safe

A blood pressure cuff that is too small for patient's arm will give a

falsely high systolic and diastolic reading

A patient with high blood pressure would be expected to have skin that is

flushed and red

You should suspect that a patient is experiencing respiratory failure if he or she

has bradycardia and diminished muscle tone

Which of the following is an example of a symptom?

headache

What part of the patient assessment process focuses on obtaining additional information about the patient's chief complaint and any medical problems he or she may have?

history taking

The goal of the primary assessment is to

identify and rapidly treat all life-threatening conditions

After performing a primary assessment, a rapid exam of the body should be performed to

identify less-obvious injuries that require immediate treatment

If you cannot palpate a pulse in an unresponsive patient, you should

immediately begin CPR

You respond to a call for a female pedestrian who has been struck by a car. As your partner maintains manual stabilization of her head, you perform a primary assessment. She is unconscious, has ineffective breathing, and has bloody secretions in her mouth. You should

immediately suction her oropharynx

Upon arriving at the scene of a patient with difficulty breathing, you determine that the scene is safe. You enter the residence and find the patient sitting in a chair in respiratory distress. Your first action should be to

introduce yourself to the patient

A patient is sitting in a chair, leaning forward on his outstretched arms. His head and chin are thrust forward. This position indicates that he

is experiencing difficulty breathing

In patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the

lips or oral mucosa

A 40-year-old male presents with pain to the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. He is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. During your assessment, you note that his skin and sclera and jaundiced. You should suspect

liver dysfunction

The goal of the systematic head-to-toe exam that is performed during the secondary assessment is to

locate injuries not found in the primary assessment

A decrease in blood pressure may indicate

loss of vascular tone

As you assess the head of a patient with a suspected spinal injury, your partner should

maintain stabilization of the head

The diastolic blood pressure represents the

minimum amount of pressure that is always present in the arteries

The chief complaint is MOST accurately defined as the

most serious thing the patient is concerned about

A 40-year-old male crashed his motorcyle into a tree. He is semiconscious, has snoring respirations, and has a laceration to the forearm with minimal bleeding. You should

open his airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver

In infants and small children, skin color should be assessed on the

palms and soles

With regard to the assessment of a patient's cardiovascular status, capillary refill time is MOST reliable in

patients who are younger than 6 years of age

The systematic head-to-toe assessment should be performed on

patients with a significant MOI and unresponsive medical patients

The MOST effective way to determine whether your patient's problem is medical or traumatic in origin is to

perform a careful and thorough assessment

You respond to the scene of a motor vehicle collision. Upon arrival, you find the driver, a young female, sitting on the curb. She is confused, is in obvious respiratory distress, and has pale, moist skin. As your partner manually stabilizes her head, you perform a primary assessment. After performing any immediate life-saving treatment, you should

perform a detailed head-to-toe exam and prepare for immediate transport

During your assessment of a 6-month-old male with vomiting and diarrhea, you note that his capillary refill time is approximately 4 seconds. From this information, you should conclude that the infant's

peripheral circulation is decreased

Normal skin color, temperautre, and condition should be

pink, warm, and dry

You are assessing a 72-year-old man with abdominal pain. The patient is sitting in a chair; he is conscious, alert, and calm. As you are talking to the patient, your partner discreetly directs your attention to a handgun, which is located on a nearby table. You should

position yourself in between the patient and the gun and ask your partner to request law enforcement assistance

When performing a rapid exam on a supine patient, what part of the body is typically assessed last?

posterior

A 50-year-old male presents with altered mental status. His wife tells you that he had a "small stroke" 3 ago but has otherwise been in good health. The patient is responsive but unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen if needed, you should

prepare for immediate transport

A palpable pulse is created by

pressure waves through the arteries caused by cardiac contraction

During the primary assessment, circulation is evaluated by assessing

pulse quality, external bleeding, and skin condition

Observations made when forming a general impression of a patient would include all of the following, EXCEPT

pulse strength

In responsive patients who are older than 1 year of age, you should palpate the pulse at the ________ artery

radial

Pain that moves from its point of origin to another body location is said to be

radiating

When palpating a patient's pulse, you note that there is a short interval between pulsations. This indicates that the pulse is

rapid

If a patient develops difficulty breathing after your primary assessment, you should immediately

reevaluate his or her airway status

A pulse with consistent pattern is considered to be

regular

When performing a resassessment of your patient, you should first

repeat the primary assessment

When interviewing a patient, you can show him or her that you understand the situation by

repeating statements back to him or her

A patient who moves and cries out only when pinch his or her trapezius muscle is said to be

responsive to painful stimuli

The pulse oximeter is an assessment tool used to evalute the

saturation level of arterial blood

Which of following signs of respiratory distress is usually observed only pedriatric patients?

seesaw breathing

Clinical signs of labored breathing include all of the following EXCEPT

shallow chest movement

Jugular venous distention suggests a problem with blood returning to the heart if the patient is

sitting up at a 45 degree angle

You respond to the residence of a 62-year-old male who is unresponsive. Your primary assessment reveals that he is apneic and pulseless. You should

start CPR and attach the AED as soon as possible

Which of the following abnormal breath sounds indicates obstruction of the upper airway?

stridor

A crackling sound produced by air bubbles under the skin is called

subcutaneous emphysema

When assessing a patient's abdomen, you will evaluate for all of the following, EXCEPT

subcutaneous emphysema

After performing a head tilt-chin lift maneuver to open the airway of an unresponsive patient, you should

suction as needed and insert an airway adjunct

When you use the palpation method to obtain a blood pressure, the measurement you obtain is the

systolic blood pressure

The pressure exerted against the walls of the artery when left ventricle contracts is called the

systolic pressure

The pressure exerted against the walls of the artery when the left ventricle contracts is called the:

systolic pressure

As time progresses following a significant injury

the body's ability to compensate for shock decreases

You should avoid palpating a patient's pelvis if

the patient complains of pelvic pain

The "Golden Hour" begins when an injury occurs and ends when

the patient recieves definitive care

Reassessment is performed to determine all of the following EXCEPT

the reason why the patient called EMS

When assessing a 62-year-old female with crushing chest pain, you note that her pulse is rapid and irregular. You should administer supplemental oxygen if needed and then

transport at once and consider requesting a paramedic unit

A properly sized blood pressure cuff should cover

two thirds the length from the armpit to the crease at the elbow

While evaluating a patient with chest pain, your partner tells you that the patient's blood pressure is 140/94 mm Hg. The lower number represents the pressure from the

ventricles relaxing

When assessing motor function in a conscious patient's lower extremities, you should expect the patient to

wiggle his or her toes on command

Supplemental oxygen with assisted ventilation would MOST likely be administered to patients

with difficulty breathing and adequate tidal volume

A patient with spontaneous respirations is breathing

without assistance


Related study sets

Pre-AP English 2 Vocabulary Units 1-15

View Set

Finals Review pt.8 *Urinary System*

View Set

Psychology of Personality Mid Term

View Set

Medical Terminology Practice: (5)

View Set

C790 Nursing Informatics (WGU), Unit 8 taxonomies, Unit 1 & 2 Define Health Informatics and theoretical Foundations/models, Unit 3, Unit 4 system Development Life Cycle., Unit 5 Project Management, Unit 7. Standardized Taxonomies, Unit 8 Taxonomies,...

View Set