Ch 10 Work, Retirement and Leisure Patterns
Social Security Act
1935 (FDR) federal legislation that guarantees income for retirees and others who are unable to work as well as a lump sum in death benefits for survivors
Age Discrimination in Employment Act
1967 act that prohibits discrimination in employment for persons age 40 and over except
conventional
A career counselor working with a client seeking to change occupations uses Holland's RIASEC model to determine that the client would feel most satisfied in a career as an accountant. This suggests that the client is high on which of the RIASEC types?
emotional labor
Individuals who would prefer not to reveal their sexual orientation in the workplace, due to fear of discrimination, are more likely to experience:
content plateau
Occurs when a person has learned a job too well and is bored with day-to-day activities
your payroll tax goes toward current retiree benefits.
Social Security is "pay-as-you-go," meaning that:
false
T/F The O*NET is used in the area of occupations as a model of vocational development.
stabilization
adaptation to nonworking role
resource model of retirement
adjustment to retirement reflects physical, cognitive, motivational, financial, social, and emotional resources; the more resources, the more favorable will be the individual's adjustment, biopsychosocial perspective
calling
an individual's consuming passion for a particular career domain that serves people in some capacity and contributes to a sense of personal meaning and purpose
decision to retire
announcement of retirement date, financial preparation
Strong Vocational Interest Inventory
asks respondents to rate their top interests based on their preferences regarding work and leisure activities, areas of study, specific occupations and preferences regarding their own work style, learning environment, leadership style, desire to take risks, and team orientation
ORP 2- altruism
being of service to others
ORP 6- status
being recognized and serving in a dominant position
anticipatory period
changes in work attitudes, financial assessment
generativity
combating plateau by mentoring others, aligns with Erikson's concept of
Occupational Information Network (O*NET)
consists of an interactive national database of occupations
motivation crowding out
describes workers who feel that they cannot fulfill their intrinsic needs because their motivation is controlled entirely by extrinsic factors
affective events theory
events at work lead individuals to experience affective reactions, and these in turn influence attitudes toward work and performance
work-family enrichment model
experiences in one role improve the quality of life in the other
official retirement
final day of work, recognition by employers and coworkers
Super's life-span life-stage theory
focuses on the role of the self and proposes that people attempt to realize their inner potential through their career choices
ORP 3- autonomy
having a sense of control
labor force
includes all civilians in the over-16 population who live outside of institutions and have sought or are actively seeking employment
protean career
individuals are both self-directed and driven internally by their own values
two-factor motivational theory
intrinsic factors are job "motivators," and extrinsic factors are the "hygiene" conditions present in the workplace
crisp retirement plan
leave the labor force in a single, unreversed clear-cut exit
ORP 4- comfort
not feeling stressed
person-environment correspondence theory
people are most satisfied when their workplaces respond to their needs
recycling
people change their main field of career activity pathway into occupational life, once again in establishment stage
Holland's vocational development theory
people express their personalities in their vocational aspirations and interests, six types of vocational interest
career plateau
people remain static in their vocational development
vocation
person's choice of occupation
gender gap
proportion of women's to men's salaries, 82% in 2017, men early roughly $200 more per week than women
life course perspective on retirement
proposes that changes in the work role in later life are best seen as logical outgrowths of earlier life events (persistent work role trend)
work-family conflict model
proposes that people have a fixed amount of time and energy to spend on their life roles
continuity theory of retirement
proposes that retired individuals maintain their self-concept and identity over the retirement transition
role theory of retirement
proposes that retirement has deleterious effects because the loss of the work role loosens the ties between the individual and society
bridge employment
retirees work in a completely different occupation than they had during most of their adult life
Self-Directed Search
self administered self scored and self interpreted career counseling tool based on Hollands RIASEC person environment typology
initial adjustment
shifts in use of time, financial adaptation
ORP 5- safety
stability, order and predictability
vocational satisfaction
the extent to which people find their work to be enjoyable
extrinsic motivation in vocational satisfaction
the features that accompany the job but are not central to its performance
job tenure
the length of time a person has spent in the job, rather than age that may relate to job satisfaction
relatedness
the need to feel connected with others
emotional labor
the requirement in some jobs that employees express emotions to customers or clients that are associated with enhanced performance in the job
intrinsic factors in vocational satisfaction
the tasks required to perform the work itself
career
the unique connection between individuals and social organizations over time
retirement
the withdrawal of an individual in later life from the labor force
blurred retirement plan
they exit and reenter the labor force several times
ORP 1- achievement
using one's abilities and feeling a sense of accomplishment
teaching
Having majored in art during college for two years, as a junior the student realizes that in order to get a job, it will be necessary to get additional training in another field. The closest occupation in the RIASEC model to artist would be in which area?
true
T/F Workers who fail to develop as optimally as possible are, in Holland's theory, referred to incongruent.
ecological
The concept of "life space-life stages" in Super's theory is close to the ______________ model proposed by Bronfenbrenner.
RIASEC model
The six basic types that characterize an individual's vocational interests. (R)ealistic (I)nvestigative (A)rtistic (S)ocial (E)nterprising (C)onvential
core self-evaluation
Work that allows an individual to feel a higher sense of self-esteem and inner directedness contributes to which psychological quality?
boundaryless career
a career that crosses the boundaries of an employer or organization
core self-evaluation
represents a person's appraisal of people, events, and things in relation to oneself
congruence
when your vocational type matches your occupational environment
autonomy
worker's desire to feel in control of job conditions
self-determination theory
workers attempt to fulfill their needs for competence, autonomy and relatedness
asking the year you graduated
Which of the following behaviors by an employer in screening job applicants would be an example of violation of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)?
occupational reinforcement patterns (ORPs)
the work values and needs likely to be reinforced or satisfied by a particular occupation, 6 types