ch 11

In the open ocean photosynthesis can occur to an average depth of

200m

Which of the following are not protists?

Cyanobacteria

Biogeochemical provinces divide the ocean into regions based on depth and substrate

False

Both light energy and inorganic nutrient concentrations are highest in the surface waters and decrease with depth.

False

If an organism looks nearly identical and shares similar lifestyle characteristics as a known species, then the organism must belong to that species.

False

Respiration uses carbon dioxide and produces oxygen and energy.

False

Sea cucumbers must drink seawater to set up a concentration gradient and prevent dehydration.

False

Sunlight usually penetrates to a greater depth in coastal waters than in the open sea.

False

The most numerous organisms in the sea are the largest organisms.

False

Cyanobacteria are characterized by being:

Photosynthetic.

The plankton include all of the following except

Small fish

Bioluminescence is commonly used to avoid being eaten.

True

In the oceans, the size and abundance of organisms are directly related.

True

Microorganisms are more impacted by viscosity than gravity.

True

Plants are considered autotrophs.

True

Bony fish maintain a fluid balance by

almost continuously drinking seawater and excreting salt

To maintain their bodies' water balance, marine fish

excrete salt through their gills, drink water continually, and produce small amounts of urine.

An organisms's substrate provides

food, shelter, and place of attachment.

If a marine animal has body fluids that have a lower salt content than the surrounding seawater, water will pass through the animal's body tissues from the _____ to the _____ because of _______.

inside; outside; osmosis

Increase interest in the oceans' biodiversity is due to

lack of knowledge of the total numbers of ocean species. the variety of habitats within the oceans. the loss of species from the land portions of the planet.

Populations can be isolated from one another by changes in

light. temperature. density. salinity.

Which zone changes most with latitude?

littoral

Organisms that can produce energy from inorganic compounds and also consume other organisms are best referred to as

mixotrophs

Which zone is more likely to undergo seasonal changes?

neritic

The two most important inorganic nutrients for photosynthesis are

phosphate and nitrate.