CH 11

______ theories focus on identifying and understanding employees' needs, while ______ theories focus on understanding how employees choose behaviors to fulfill their needs. Content motivation; process motivation Process motivation; content motivation Reinforcement; process motivation Content motivation; reinforcement

Content motivation; process motivation

______ theories propose that the consequences of behavior will motivate employees to behave in predetermined ways, while ______ theories focus on understanding how employees choose behaviors to fulfill their needs. Content motivation; reinforcement Content motivation; process motivation Process motivation; content motivation Reinforcement; process motivation

Reinforcement; process motivation

Three interdependent factors determine the level of performance attained. ability × motivation × resources capability × motivation × resources ability × motivation × compensation capability × compensation × resources

ability × motivation × resources

For maximum performance, three factors must be high: ______. capability, motivation, and resources capability, compensation, and resources ability, motivation, and resources ability, motivation, and compensation

ability, motivation, and resources

Goal-setting theory proposes that ______. easy to achieve goals motivate employees achievable but difficult goals motivate employees difficult goals motivate employees difficult goals demotivate employees

achievable but difficult goals motivate employees

According to McClelland's acquired needs theory, people who have a desire to always do something better and are always looking for challenging tasks have a high need for ______. affiliation safety power achievement

achievement

A politician has a high need for power. The theory that best describes the politician's motivation is ______ theory. reinforcement two-factor acquired needs hierarchy of needs

acquired needs

Reinforcement theory proposes employees will be motivated to behave in predetermined ways ______. by the consequences of their behavior by achievable but difficult goals by their perceived inputs and outputs when they believe they can accomplish a task and the rewards for doing so are worth the effort

by the consequences of their behavior

The notion that employees' perception of being treated fairly affects their attitude and performance is part of what theory? goal-setting theory expectancy theory equity theory reinforcement theory

equity theory

According to the hierarchy of needs theory, focusing on acquiring status, self-respect, recognition for accomplishments, and a feeling of self-confidence and prestige is part of ______ needs. esteem social self-actualization physiological

esteem

Joanne is always talking to her employees so that she knows what is important to them in order to offer rewards that will motivate them when they perform a task well. She is using ______ theory. goal-setting expectancy reinforcement equity

expectancy

According to expectancy theory, motivation is the result of ______. expectancy × instrumentality × valence instrumentality × valence x reward expectancy × perception × valence value × achievement × instrumentality

expectancy × instrumentality × valence

Ingratiation and altercasting are part of which motivational technique? continuous reinforcement intermittent reinforcement giving praise positive reinforcement

giving praise

Because the way managers treat employees affects their behavior, ______ affects employee motivation and performance. the Maslow effect employee engagement leader-member exchange willingness to achieve organizational objectives

leader-member exchange

Jack is an employee at Corporation Inc. He has a lot of potential and he is a great fit for the job. However, he dislikes his work and does the minimum amount of work that it takes to not get him fired. The factor contributing to low performance is ______. reinforcement motivation resources ability

motivation

What you like to do is known as ______, while what you are good at doing is known as ______. motivation; performance motivation; ability ability; motivation ability; performance

motivation; ability

Two-factor theory proposes that employees are motivated by ______ rather than by ______. physiological factors; esteem maintenance factors; motivators motivators; maintenance factors safety factors; social factors

motivators; maintenance factors

The past few months, Mayan has delivered work of the highest quality. Her reports demonstrate attention to detail and are more thorough than the reports other staff members have submitted. In order to encourage Mayan to keep up this good work, her manager offers a salary increase and additional paid time off. What is Mayan's manager practicing? extinction positive reinforcement punishment avoidance

positive reinforcement

What theories focus on understanding how employees choose behaviors to fulfill their needs? process motivation theories continuous reinforcement theories avoidance motivation theories content motivation theories

process motivation theories

Equity theory, goal-setting theory, and expectancy theory all focus on ______. reinforcing good behavior understanding how employees choose behaviors to fulfill their needs motivating employees identifying and understanding employees' needs

understanding how employees choose behaviors to fulfill their needs