ch 12

The percent of Americans who live in a food desert is estimated to be

23.5

Consumer services account for which percent of jobs in the United States?

50

Educational services account for about which percent of jobs in the United States?

9

Which academic discipline provides much of our current knowledge about hearths of innovation and ancient urban settlements?

archaeology

In contrast to megacities, metacities

are fewer in number.

A firm that sells its products primarily to consumers outside its settlement is a

basic industry.

According to social scientist Louis Wirth which of the following is NOT a characteristic of city life?

dense traffic

Attracting a new basic industry is important to a community, primarily because it

stimulates new nonbasic businesses.

In terms of global financial services, which two major benefits do developing countries offer?

tax breaks and privacy

Which development has reduced the need for spatial proximity and encouraged the relocation of back-office functions to developing countries?

telecommunications

Higher social heterogeneity in urban settlements means that

there are many different kinds of people in cities.

The minimum number of people needed to support a service is called the

threshold.

Which of the following is NOT primarily a consumer service?

transportation

In which type of settlement do most people in the world live?

urban

Periodic markets are likely to feature

vendors who move from town to town.

The process of urbanization can be analyzed by looking at which two dimensions of growth of a city?

The number and percentage of people.

Back-office functions are also called

business-process outsourcing (BPO).

The gravity model predicts that the optimal location of a service is

directly related to the number of people in the area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it.

The area surrounding a service from which customers are attracted is the

hinterland.

Central place theory predicts larger settlements will be

less numerous and farther apart.

Which factors best explain why many "call centers" are outsourced to India?

low wages and the widespread use of English

A central place is defined as a

market center for exchange of goods and services.

The maximum distance people are willing to travel for a service is the

range

The hierarchical listing of settlements by size is known as the

rank-size rule.

Which best describes the distribution of megacities?

reflects population growth in developing countries

A food desert is usually associated with

regions usually found in low-income areas where fresh fruit, vegetables, and other healthful foods are unavailable.