Ch. 1,2,3

Which of the following is believed to precede the development of ulcers?

A sense of helplessness

A person experiencing the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) under the "reliving an event" category will _____.

have repeated upsetting memories of the event

People who react to stress with an all-out physiological reaction are called _____.

hot reactors

Select all that apply: Identify the risk factors that are closely associated with coronary heart disease. (Check all that apply.)

-Cigarette smoking -Occupational stress

Select all that apply Identify the characteristics associated with temporomandibular syndrome. (Check all that apply.)

-Facial pain -Earaches -Sensitive teeth

Select all that apply Identify the characteristics associated with the "reliving an event" category of the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (Check all that apply.)

-Flashback episodes of experiencing the event -Strong, uncomfortable reactions to situations that remind one of the event -Repeated nightmares of the event

Match the levels of stress in individuals (in the left column) to their susceptibility to heart diseases (in the right column). -Least stressed individuals -Most stressed individuals

-Least stressed individuals:Have a lower rate of coronary heart disease -Most stressed individuals:Have the highest rate of coronary heart disease

Select all that apply: Identify the techniques used for the treatment of headaches. (Check all that apply).

-Massages -Medication -Heat on tense muscles

Match the days of the week (in the left column) to the prevalence of heart attacks on those days (in the right column). -Mondays -Fridays

-Mondays:most prevalent -Fridays:least prevalent

Select all that apply Identify the high-risk health behaviors associated with women with PTSD entering pregnancy. (Check all that apply.)

-Smoking -Poor prenatal care -Alcohol consumption

Match the different measures of blood pressure (in the left column) with their average values (in the right column). -Systolic blood pressure -Diastolic blood pressure

-Systolic blood pressure: 120mm Hg -Diastolic blood pressure: 80mm Hg

Match the different measures of blood pressure (in the left column) with their descriptions (in the right column). -Systolic blood pressure -Diastolic blood pressure

-Systolic blood pressure:It is the pressure of the blood as it leaves the heart. -Diastolic blood pressure:It is the pressure of the blood against the arterial walls when the heart is relaxed.

Generally, a systolic pressure greater than _____ indicates hypertension.

140mm Hg

Generally, a diastolic pressure greater than _____ indicates hypertension.

90mm Hg

_____ are the result of a constriction and dilation of the carotid arteries of one side of the head.

Migraine headaches

_____ is a waxy, fat-like substance that is produced in the body and obtained from foods that come from animals.

Cholesterol

Janine, an extremely busy film producer, gets her blood pressure checked after feeling stressed at work. Which of the following would indicate that Janine is suffering from high blood pressure?

Diastolic blood pressure of 90 Hg

Which among the following symptoms indicates the presence of hot reactors?

Experiencing nausea

Which of the following involves getting a patient to remember and discuss an event that precipitated the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) until the actual event seems less frightening and symptoms subside?

Exposure therapy

True or false: An individual's blood pressure is measured using a microspectrophotometer.

False

Which of the following kills more Americans than any other single cause of death?

Heart attacks

Which of the following causes tissues to swell, mucous secretions to increase, and air passages in the lungs to constrict?

Histamine

_____ is a condition characterized by very high levels of cholesterol in the blood.

Hypercholesterolemia

_____ and its receptors play a role in appetite and obesity.

Neuropeptide Y

Identify an accurate statement about psychosomatic disease.

It involves both mind and body.

_____ is defined as a body mass index of 30 or higher.

Obesity

_____ disease is not "all in the mind" but involves both mind and body.

Psychosomatic

Identify a true statement about posttraumatic stress disorder.

They involve a victim having recurrent flashbacks to distressing events.

Thomas, an overworked businessman, visits the doctor to check his blood pressure level. Which of the following would indicate that Thomas is suffering from high blood pressure?

Systolic blood pressure of 140 Hg

True or false: Cancer is the unbridled multiplication of cells that leads to tumors and, eventually, organ damage.

True

True or false: Posttraumatic stress disorder is a condition that develops in people who have experienced an extreme psychological or physical event that is interpreted as particularly distressing.

True

True or false: Stress can lead pregnant women to miscarry.

True

In response to an antigen, the body produces

antibodies

Lack of oxygen in the brain resulting from a blockage or rupture of one of the arteries that supply it is called _____.

apoplexy

Cancer-causing agents are called

carcinogens

The most common talk therapy is _____, the goal of which is for a patient with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to perceive fear more realistically and as less of a threat.

cognitive behavior therapy

A person experiencing apoplexy is likely to _____.

experience pain between the eyes

Aaron, a convenience store owner, is brutally attacked by a group of thugs on his way back from work. After the incident, Aaron experiences posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Aaron would be displaying the symptoms of PTSD under the avoidance category if he _____.

fails to remember the details of the attack

Jacob, a news correspondent, is injured by a bullet while reporting a terrorist attack on-site. After the incident, Jacob experiences posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Jacob would be displaying the symptoms of PTSD under the arousal category if he _____.

has outbursts of anger when his wife or doctor checks on his condition

Muscular bracing causes the muscle to _____.

lose its elasticity

Headaches are caused by stress accompanied by ______.

muscle tension

The vast majority of backache problems are the result of _____.

muscular weakness

The constriction phase of a migraine headache, often associated with light sensitivity, irritability, and flushing of the skin is known as the preattack or

prodrome

The field of scientific inquiry that studies the link between the nervous system and the immune system is called _____.

psychoneuroimmunology

The focus of researchers in the field of _____ is on both the illness-causing and the healing effects the mind can have upon the body.

psychoneuroimmunology

The _____ joint, which connects the upper to the lower jaw, is a complex structure requiring the coordination of five muscles and several ligaments.

temporomandibular

In _____, the synovial membrane multiplies exceedingly fast and creates swelling, which can cause the membrane to enter the joint.

rheumatoid arthritis

The last stages of rheumatoid arthritis may be the development of _____.

scar tissue that immobilizes the joint

Blood pressure is measured with a _____, an instrument consisting of an inflatable cuff placed around the upper arm and a stethoscope.

sphygmomanometer

Fissures or cuts in the wall of the stomach, duodenum, or other parts of the intestines are called _____.

ulcers