Ch. 13:)))

The cranial nerve with a cervical orgin is the

Accessory (neck)

Which of the folllowing nerves does not arise from the brachial plexus

Phrenic nerve(cervical)

Damage to this nerve would keep eye from rotating inferolaterally

Trochlear nerve

innervates the superior oblique muscle

Trochlear nerve

Involved in movement of the digestive tract

Vague nerve

Longest cranial nerve

Vague nerve

Helps to regulate blood pressure and digestion.

Vagus

A fracture of the ethmoid bone could result in damage to which cranial nerve?

Olfactory

Dermatome maps are useful to clinicians because ________.

they can help pinpoint the location of spinal injury

Striking the "funny bone" is actually stimulation of (or injury to) the ________.

ulnar nerve

Which cranial nerve is the exception and travels to the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

vagus(breathing and digestion)

List and describe the functions of the three cranial nerves that serve the muscles of the eye.

1. oculomotor nerve is in charge of the inferior oblique muscle of the eye and muscles of the lens 2. trochlear nerve is in charge of the superior oblique of the eye 3. abducens are in charge of the lateral rectus muscles of the eye

Turns the eyeball laterally.

Abducens

Striking the "funny bone" (ulnar nerve) may cause injury to a nerve of this plexus

Brachial plexus

A patient who received a blow to the side of the skull exhibits the following signs and symptoms on that side of the face: he is unable to close his eye, and the corner of his mouth droops. Which cranial nerve has been damaged?

Facial

Damage to this nerve would cause dizziness, nausea and loss of balance

Facial nerve

Select the statement that is most correct.

Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neurons.

Damage to this nerve would cause difficulty in speech and swallowing but no effect on visceral organs

Hypoglossal nerve

Receptors located in epithelium of the nasal cavity.

Olfactory

Tibial nerve

Runs on posterior side of leg

A fall or an improper administration of an injection to the buttocks May injure a nerve of this plexus

Sacral plexus

An emergency medical technician is examining a trauma victim by shining a pen light into her patient's eye. She records the reactivity of the patents pupils as they constrict when stimulated by the light. This test supports which of the following?

The patient has function of the oculomotor nerve (III).

A patient has an injury of the spine and is now suffering from a loss of motor function in his right arm. The patient damaged the

Ventral root located at one or more of the cervical vertebrae

Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve?

Vestibulocochlear

Serves the senses of hearing and equilibrium.

Vestibulocochlear

Rootlets arise on the spinal cord, enter the skull through the foramen magnum and exit the skull through the jugular foramen.

accessory

Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are ________.

afferent nerves(sensory)

the perineurium

binds groups of fibers into bundles

Trauma to a nerve of this plexus may cause wrist drop.

brachial plexus

The phrenic nerve branches from this plexus

cervical plexus

Bell's Palsy

characterized by paralysis of facial muscles

The sciatic nerve is a combo of which two nerves

common fibular and tibial

A physician can determine the approximate location of a spinal injury simply by testing areas of the skin for numbness. These skin areas are referred to as __________.

dermatomes

Oculomotor nerve

eye movement and pupil size

As a cook chops red onions he begins to tear up due to activation of the lacrimal gland. Which of the following nerves provided the stimulus?

facial nerve (VII)

which cranial nerve has both sensory and motor functions

facial(smile, cry)

A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the ________.

femoral

One of the adaptive advantages of human body hair is believed to be its ability to help us detect potentially harmful insects crawling or landing on our skin. Which receptor type is most associated with this type of perception

hair follicle receptors

The phrenic nerve arises from the left and right sides of cervical vertebra 3, 4 and 5. Describe the potential benefit of having the nerve exit from such a superior position and from multiple places on the spinal column.

if it comes out of multiple vertebrae and is in a superior position, it reduces the likelihood of a spinal injury causing the diaphragm to not function

Complicated interlacing of the ventral rami form networks called nerve plexus. The crisscrossing of the nerve fibers from the various spinal nerves is advantageous because ________.

injury to any single spinal nerve will be less damaging as there is less chance of total loss of innervation to any particular organization

Feeling a gentle caress on your arm would likely involve all of the following except ________.

lamellar corpuscles

The obturator and femoral nerves branch from this plexus

lumbar plexus

Which nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?

median

Which of the following pairs of receptors appear to play complementary roles in hairy and hairless skin?

miesners corpuscles and hair follicle receptors

Ventral root

motor

Predict the outcome of damage to one cord of the left brachial plexus

only a portion of left limb will suffer reduced function

If irritated, this nerve will cause hiccups

phrenic nerve

Body movement receptors are called ________.

proprioceptors

A patient has lost vision on the left side of both eyes. The patient has likely suffered damage to ________.

right optic tract

Starting at the spinal cord, the subdivisions of the brachial plexus are (in order):

roots, trunks, divisions, and cords

Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the

sacral plexus

An incorrectly placed intramuscular injection can cause injury to which nerve of the lumbar plexus?

sciatic nerve

A fall or an improperly delivered gluteal injection could result in ________.

sciatica

The dorsal roots along the spinal cord contain __________ neurons, while the dorsal rami contain __________ neurons.

sensor, mixed

dorsal root

sensory

Ralph sustained a leg injury in a bowling accident and had to use crutches. Unfortunately, he never took the time to learn how to use them properly. After two weeks of use, he noticed his fingers were becoming numb. Then he noticed his arms were getting weaker and tingling. What could be his problem?

the constant pressure on the radial nerve, which runs up to the armpits, causes Saturday night paralysis. This could possibly result in permanent damage

David, an aspiring baseball player, was struck on the left side of his face with a fastball pitch. He was not wearing a safety helmet. His zygomatic arch was crushed, as well as parts of the temporal bone. Following the accident and reconstructive surgery, he noted that his left lower eyelid was still drooping and the corner of his mouth sagged. What nerve damage did he sustain?

the facial nerves that branch out to the left eye and left side of the mouth were damaged. If these nerves weren't completely crushed he could recover

Injury to cervical vertebra C3-C4 is particularly problematic because ________.

the phrenic nerve that serves the diaphragm receives its fibers from here

The posterior side of the thigh, leg and foot is served by the

tibial nerve