Ch 14

A patient has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the viral load is reported as undetectable. What patient teaching should be provided by the nurse related to this laboratory study result? A The patient has the virus present and can transmit the infection to others. B The patient is not able to transmit the virus to others through sexual contact. C The patient will be prescribed lower doses of antiretroviral medications for 2 months. D The syndrome has been cured, and the patient will be able to discontinue all medications.

A

A patient has been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. What rationale for taking more than one antiretroviral medication should the nurse give to the patient to improve compliance? A Viral replication will be inhibited. B They will decrease CD4+ T cell counts. C It will prevent interaction with other drugs. D More than one drug has a better chance of curing HIV.

A

A patient who is infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is being taught by the nurse about health promotion activities such as good nutrition; avoiding alcohol, tobacco, drug use, and exposure to infectious agents; keeping up to date with vaccines; getting adequate rest; and stress management. What is the rationale behind these interventions that the nurse knows? A Delaying disease progression B Preventing disease transmission C Helping to cure the HIV infection D Enabling an increase in self-care activities

A

An older adult patient is brought to the primary health care provider by an adult child reporting confusion. What testing should the nurse anticipate obtaining from this patient? A Urinalysis B Sputum culture C Red blood cell count D White blood cell count

A

The nurse teaches the staff ensuring that standard precautions should be used when providing care for which type of patient? A All patients regardless of diagnosis B Pediatric and gerontologic patients C Patients who are immunocompromised D Patients with a history of infectious diseases

A

When teaching a patient infected with HIV regarding transmission of the virus to others, which statement made by the patient would indicate a need for further teaching? A "I will need to isolate any tissues I use so as not to infect my family." B "I will notify all of my sexual partners so they can get tested for HIV." C "Unprotected sexual contact is the most common mode of transmission." D "I do not need to worry about spreading this virus to others by sweating at the gym."

A

What should the nurse teach the patients in the assisted living facility to decrease their risk for antibiotic-resistant infection (select all that apply.)? A Wash hands frequently. B Take antibiotics as prescribed. C Take the antibiotic until it is gone. D Take antibiotics to prevent illnesses like colds. E Save leftover antibiotics to take if needed later.

ABC

A nurse was accidently stuck with a needle used on a patient who is infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After reporting the incident, what care should this nurse first receive? A Personal protective equipment B Combination antiretroviral therapy C Counseling to report blood exposures D A negative evaluation by the manager

B

A parent does not want their child to have any extra immunizations for diseases that no longer occur. What teaching about immunization should the nurse provide this mother? A There is currently no need for those older vaccines. B There is a reemergence of some of the infections, such as pertussis. C There is no longer an immunization available for some of those diseases. D The only way to protect your child is to have the federally required vaccines.

B

The nurse has experienced a recent increase in the incidence of hospital care-associated infections (HAIs) on the unit. Which nursing action should be prioritized in the response to this trend? A Use of gloves during patient contact B Frequent and thorough hand washing C Prophylactic, broad-spectrum antibiotics D Fitting and appropriate use of N95 masks

B

The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV). What does the nurse explain to the patient the criteria for diagnosis is based on? A Presence of HIV antibodies B CD4+ T cell count below 200/µL C Presence of oral hairy leukoplakia D White blood cell count below 5000/µL

B

The nurse is teaching a group of young adults who live in a dormitory about the prevention of antibiotic-resistant infections. What should be included in the teaching plan? A Save leftover antibiotics for future uses. B Hand washing can prevent many infections. C Antibiotics are indicated for preventing most colds. D Stop taking prescribed antibiotics when symptoms improve.

B

The patient is diagnosed with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infection in a surgical wound. What infection precautions should the nurse use to best prevent transmission of the infection to others? A Droplet precautions B Contact precautions C Airborne precautions D Standard precautions

B

A patient is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with fever, swollen lymph glands, sore throat, headache, malaise, joint pain, and diarrhea. What nursing actions will help identify the need for further assessment of the cause of this patient's manifestations (select all that apply.)? A Assessment of lung sounds B Assessment of sexual behavior C Assessment of living conditions D Assessment of drug and syringe use E Assessment of exposure to an ill person

BD

A pregnant woman who was tested and diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is very upset. What should the nurse teach this patient about her baby's risk of being born with HIV infection? A "The baby will probably be infected with HIV." B "Only an abortion will keep your baby from having HIV." C "Treatment with antiretroviral therapy will decrease the baby's chance of HIV infection." D "The duration and frequency of contact with the organism will determine if the baby gets HIV infection."

C

The nurse is monitoring the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). What laboratory study result indicates the medications are effective? A Increased viral load B Decreased neutrophil count C Increased CD4+ T cell count D Decreased white blood cell count

C

The nurse is providing care for a patient who has been living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for several years. Which assessment finding most clearly indicates an acute exacerbation of the disease? A A new onset of polycythemia B Presence of mononucleosis-like symptoms C A sharp decrease in the patient's CD4+ count D A sudden increase in the patient's WBC count

C

A patient was exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 2 weeks ago through sharing needles with other substance users. What symptoms will the nurse teach the patient to report that would indicate the patient has developed an acute HIV infection? A Cough, diarrhea, headaches, blurred vision, muscle fatigue B Night sweats, fatigue, fever, and persistent generalized lymphadenopathy C Oropharyngeal candidiasis or thrush, vaginal candidal infection, or oral or genital herpes D Flu-like symptoms such as fever, sore throat, swollen lymph glands, nausea, or diarrhea

D

The nurse is providing postoperative care for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection after an appendectomy. What type of precautions should the nurse observe to prevent the transmission of this disease? A Droplet precautions B Contact precautions C Airborne precautions D Standard precautions

D