Ch. 15

_____ love refers to the deep, affectionate attachment people have for those with whom their lives are intertwined.

Companionate

______ is to _____ as Asch is to Milgram.

Conformity; obedience

Cognitive dissonance was first investigated by:

Festinger.

Consider the old saying "Love and marriage go together like a horse and carriage." Cross-culturally, to what extent is love an important factor in mate selection?

Love is important in American culture but not in certain other cultures.

_____ studies of _____ at Yale University showed that Americans were not as different from Nazi-era Germans as most Americans had believed.

Milgram's; obedience

The mental process of inferring the causes of people's behavior, including one's own, is called:

attribution.

An ad agency creates two ads for a particular car. One stresses the car's safety and gas mileage; the other simply shows how fun it is to drive. The first ad relies on the _____route to persuasion; the second, on the ____ route.

central; peripheral

When people's attitudes clash with their behavior, they experience a state of psychological tension called:

cognitive dissonance.

In a social psychological experiment, Aaliyah is secretly working for the experimenters by acting as a bystander. Aaliyah is a(n):

confederate.

The highest form of love in Sternberg's theory includes all three components: passion, intimacy, and commitment. It is called _______ love.

consummate

The reduction in personal identity and erosion of the sense of personal responsibility when one is part of a group is known as:

deindividuation.

In a state where same-sex marriage is legal, a bakery refuses to make cakes for same-sex couples. This is BEST seen as an example of:

discrimination.

Showing favoritism or hostility toward others based on their affiliation with a group is called:

discrimination.

A couple in a "loveless marriage" with neither intimacy nor passion are experiencing Sternberg's _____ love.

empty

The kin selection explanation of helping MOST closely reflects the _____ perspective in psychology.

evolutionary

Participants in Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments were initially told that they were involved in a study of:

learning.

Which word is MOST nearly synonymous with the word "proximity?"

nearness

Milgram is to _____ as _____ is to love.

obedience; Sternberg

In social psychological experiments, confederates play the role of:

participants, experimenters, or bystanders.

The frustration-aggression hypothesis suggests that frustration and aggression are _____ related.

positively

Holding hostile or negative attitudes toward an individual or a group is called:

prejudice.

Low levels of the neurotransmitter _____ appear to contribute to aggression.

serotonin

A person in a group tends to exert more effort when she or he is individually accountable than when she or he is working with others toward a common goal. This is known as:

social facilitation.

Individual behavior is the focus of:

social psychology.

A man asks you for $10 as you walk past him. You refuse. He then asks for $2. You give it to him. The man has taken advantage of:

the door-in-the-face technique.

In Asch's conformity studies, participants were less likely to conform when:

there was at least one dissenter in the group.

Which is the BEST term for the attribution one makes when one believes that the cause of another's behavior is temporary?

unstable

Among children, altruistic behavior is apparent as early as _____ of age.

18 months

Which statement BEST expresses the relationships among social cognition, attitudes, and attribution?

Attitudes and attribution are aspects of social cognition.

The classic Halloween study of deindividuation was conducted by:

Ed Diener.

Which is NOT one of the components of love in Sternberg's theory?

attachment

_____ love tends to be particularly strong in the early stages of a relationship, whereas _____ love is more typical of a mature, long-standing relationship.

Romantic; companionate

The triangular model of love was proposed by:

Sternberg.

Marci suggests that the aggressiveness of her sister's new friend is the result of the friend's abuse during childhood. Marci's inference about the cause of the girl's behavior is an example of:

an attribution.

"Prison" study is to "shock" study as _____ is to _____.

Zimbardo; Milgram

Discrimination is to _____ as prejudice is to _____.

behavior; affect