CH. 2

By 1664, when the Dutch lost control of the New Netherlands to England, slaves represented _____ percent of the population of the New Netherlands.

a. 8

How did the French learn to survive in New France?

a. They adapted to Indian customs and assisted Indian friends against their enemies.

What was a notable characteristic of Jamestown during its first decade?

a. an appallingly high mortality rate

To increase the number of workers in Virginia, company officials

a. awarded 50 acres of land to those who came or brought another person to Virginia.

The Indians who lived in the New Netherlands used _____________ as a medium of exchange

a. beads made from clam shells

Both the Indians and the French believed that

a. mixed marriages provided a foundation for trading and military alliances.

All of the following are true about the orders given to the first Jamestown settlers except:

b. A cemetery should be established outside the settlement for sanitary reasons.

The Dutch West India Company established settlements at

b. Fort Orange and New Amsterdam

Why did New Sweden, a colony located on the Delaware River, fail?

b. It failed to return a profit for investors

The Swiss Protestant Reformer John Calvin

b. believed God ordained who would be saved even before they were born.

French traders and Huron and Algonquian hunters

b. created a network that made each group dependent on the other.

Despite the economic boom for Virginia and Maryland produced by tobacco exports,

b. death rates remained high because of poor water supply and disease.

The Virginia Company was the

b. first successful English colony in North America.

The ________ was a business form in England that encouraged the English to invest in founding colonies.

b. joint-stock company

The European demand for tobacco

b. led to the removal of Indians from their land and attracted both indentured servants and slaves to Virginia.

Roanoke, England's first colony in North America, was intended primarily as a

b. military base from which to raid Spanish ships

How did Spanish commander Pedro Menéndez de Avilés react to explorations by France and England?

c. He established a string of forts.

After Martin Luther started the Reformation in Europe, William Tyndale translated the Bible into English. All of the following are true about William Tyndale except:

c. He was saved from the death penalty by King Henry VIII.

All of the following women were wives of Henry VIII except:

c. Lady Jane Grey

After England challenged Spain's grip on claims to the Atlantic coastal areas of North America,

c. Spain regarded the area as peripheral to its primary interests.

Captain John Smith blamed starvation among early settlers in Virginia on

c. laziness and a preference for hunting riches to planting crops.

The experience of the average indentured servant in the Chesapeake area was

c. often brutal, with too much work and too little food.

Most colonies established by European nations in the first half of the seventeenth century were

c. outposts in the global economy.

John Rolfe failed at producing a marketable crop of tobacco in Virginia until he

c. planted seeds from the West Indies.

For the Dutch, toleration, cultural diversity, amicable relations with Indians, and slavery all served what end?

c. profiting through trade

Maryland was the first _______ colony among the English settlements in North America.

c. proprietary

What group dominated the government and economy of the Netherlands after 1648?

c. prosperous merchants

Primary factors dictating how quickly English colonists adopted African slavery included

c. the need for plantation laborers and availability of slaves at a good price.

Unlike European cultures,

c. violence and crime within Indian clans was almost unknown.

All of the following are true about the Spanish Armada except:

d. After the victory over the Spanish Armada, England would remain Catholic.

All of the following are true about indentured servants except:

d. Future presidents Millard Fillmore, Andrew Johnson and Abraham Lincoln were once indentured servants.

A major result of the Beaver Wars was that

d. Indians were never able to replace population loss to warfare.

The first French colony in North America was located in the

d. St. Lawrence River region.

How did other European nations react for almost a century to Spain's claims following Christopher Columbus's voyages to America?

d. They sought a water route through America to Asia.

All of the following are true about the Spaniard Pedro Menendez except:

d. When sailors from the ship wrecked French fleet landed south of St. Augustine, he accepted their offer of surrender and set them free.

Powhatan, leader of the Powhatan Algonquians in Virginia, expanded his power over other groups of Indians by

d. marrying women in different tribes.

A spirit of tolerance enabled the Dutch to

d. put aside religious conflict and concentrate on trade.

Although they had separate governments, Virginia and Maryland

d. shared an agricultural economy based on the production of tobacco.

The French population in North America

d. showed a significant increase between 1650 and 1714.

England's first activity in the New World was to

d. steal wealth from Spain.

Under the theory of mercantilism, what was a nation's economic objective?

d. to secure as much of the world's wealth as possible

When the tobacco boom developed in the Chesapeake region,

d. women often abandoned housework and joined the men in the fields.