Ch 20: The Lymphatic System

Lymph leaves a lymph node via ________. A) efferent lymphatic vessels B) afferent lymphatic vessels C) the cortical sinus D) the subscapular sinus

A) efferent lymphatic vessels

The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the ________. A) lingual tonsils B) palatine tonsils C) pharyngeal tonsils D) Peyer's tonsils

A) lingual tonsils

The lymphatic capillaries are ________. A) more permeable than blood capillaries B) less permeable than blood capillaries C) as permeable as blood capillaries D) completely impermeable

A) more permeable than blood capillaries

Which of the following would not be classified as a lymphatic structure? A) pancreas B) spleen C) tonsils D) Peyer's patches of the intestine

A) pancreas

Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called a(n) ________. A) tonsil B) thymus C) Peyer's patch D) appendix

A) tonsil

Select the correct statement about lymphocytes. A) The two main types are T cells and macrophages. B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood. C) T cells are the precursors of B cells. D) T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue.

B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood

The distal portion of the small intestine contains clumps of lymph follicles called ________. A) islets of Langerhans B) Peyer's patches C) rugae D) villi

B) Peyer's patches

The thymus is most active during _____. A) fetal development B) childhood C) middle age D) old age

B) childhood

Functions of the spleen include all of those below except ________. A) removal of old or defective blood cells from the blood B) forming crypts that trap bacteria C) storage of blood platelets D) storage of iron

B) forming crypts that trap bacteria

Peyer's patches are found in the ________. A) duodenum of the small intestine B) ileum of the small intestine C) large intestine D) jejunum of the small intestine

B) ileum of the small intestine

Small organs associated with lymphatic vessels are termed ____. A) Lymph follicles B) lymph nodes C) axillary nodes D) Cisterna chyli

B) lymph nodes

Which cells become immunocompetent due to thymic hormones? A) basophils B) lymphocytes C) macrophages D) monocytes

B) lymphocytes

Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are released by ________. A) T lymphocytes B) plasma cells C) lymph nodes D) medullary cords

B) plasma cells

When the lymphatic structures are blocked due to tumors, the result is ________. A) shrinkage of tissues distal to the blockage due to inadequate delivery of lymph B) severe localized edema distal to the blockage C) increased pressure in the lymphatics proximal to the blockage D) abnormally high lymph drainage from the distal region

B) severe localized edema distal to the blockage

Both lymph and venous blood flow are heavily dependent on ________. A) the pumping action of the heart B) skeletal muscle contractions and differences in thoracic pressures due to respiratory movement C) contraction of the vessels themselves D) two-way valves

B) skeletal muscle contractions and differences in thoracic pressures due to respiratory movement

Which of the following is not a mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue? A) tonsil B) thymus C) Peyer's patch D) appendix

B) thymus

Select the correct statement about lymphoid tissue. A) Once a lymphocyte enters the lymphoid tissue, it resides there permanently. B) Lymphoid macrophages secrete antibodies into the blood. C) Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue. D) T lymphocytes act by ingesting foreign substances.

C) Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.

Which of the following is not a function of lymph nodes? A) act as lymph filters and activate the immune system B) produce lymphoid cells and granular WBCs C) produce lymph fluid and cerebro-spinal fluid D) serve as antigen surveillance areas

C) produce lymph fluid and cerebro-spinal fluid

Which of the following is not a normal component of lymph? A) water B) plasma proteins C) red blood cells D) ions

C) red blood cells

Which lymphatic structure drains lymph from the right upper limb and the right side of the head and thorax? A) lumbar trunk B) thoracic duct C) right lymphatic duct D) cisterna chyli

C) right lymphatic duct

Which of the following are functions of lymphoid tissue? A) house and provide a proliferation site for lymphocytes B) house and provide a proliferation site for neutrophils C) furnish an ideal surveillance vantage point for lymphocytes and macrophages D) A and C

D) A and C

Select the correct statement about lymph transport. A) Under normal conditions, lymph vessels are very high-pressure conduits. B) Lymph transport is faster than that occurring in veins. C) Lymph transport is only necessary when illness causes tissue swelling. D) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

D) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles

What effect does age have on the size of the thymus? A) The size of the thymus increases continuously from birth to death. B) The size of the thymus decreases continuously from birth to death. C) The thymus is not affected by age. D) The thymus initially increases in size and then decreases in size from adolescence through old age.

D) The thymus initially increases in size and then decreases in size from adolescence through old age.

What is a bubo? A) a wall in a lymph node B) a lobe of the spleen C) an infected Peyer's patch D) an infected lymph node

D) an infected lymph node

Lymph capillaries are absent in all but which of the following? A) bones and teeth B) bone marrow C) CNS D) digestive organs

D) digestive organs

The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does not: A) have lymphocytes B) produce hormones C) have a cortex and medulla D) directly fight antigens

D) directly fight antigens

Digestive tract-associated lymphatic tissue includes all of the following except ________. A) Peyer's patches B) palatine tonsils C) lingual tonsils D) islets of Langerhans

D) islets of Langerhans

Large clusters of lymph nodes occur in all of the following locations except the ________. A) inguinal region B) cervical region C) axillary region D) lower extremities

D) lower extremities

Which of the following is not a method that maintains lymph flow? A) skeletal muscle contraction B) breathing C) valves in lymph vessel walls D) smooth muscle contraction

D) smooth muscle contraction

A sentinel node is ________. A) a lymph node found in the intestinal lamina propria B) the first node at the junction of all the lumbar trunks C) a small node in the spleen D) the first node to receive lymph from an area suspected to be cancerous

D) the first node to receive lymph from an area suspected to be cancerous

Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system? A) draining excess interstitial fluid B) carrying out immune responses C) transporting dietary fats D) transporting respiratory gases

D) transporting respiratory gases

All lymphatic organs are composed of epithelial tissue.

False

All lymphoid organs are well developed before birth.

False

All lymphoid organs develop from the mesoderm.

False

Lymph always flows away from the heart.

False

Peyer's patches are clusters of lymphoid tissue found primarily in the large intenstine.

False

The cisterna chyli collects lymph from the lumbar trunks draining the upper limbs and from the intestinal trunk draining the digestive organs.

False

The most important role of the spleen is to provide a site for lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response.

False

The simplest lymphoid organs are the lymph nodes.

False

About 3 liters of fluid are lost to the tissue spaces every 24 hours and are returned to the bloodstream as lymph.

True

An infected lymph gland is called a bubo.

True

Because lymph vessels are very low-pressure conduits, movements of adjacent tissues are important in propelling lymph through lymphatics.

True

Chyle is delivered to the blood via the lymphatic system.

True

Digested fats are absorbed from the intestine by the lymph capillaries.

True

If even a small part of the spleen is left in a ten-year-old child, it will most likely regenerate itself.

True

Lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins.

True

Lymphocytes reside temporarily in lymphoid tissue, then move to other parts of the body.

True

Lymphoid tissue is mainly reticular connective tissu

True

The lymphatic capillaries function to absorb the excess protein-containing interstitial fluid and return it to the blood stream.

True

When tissues are inflamed, lymphatic capillaries develop openings that permit uptake of large particles such as cell debris, pathogens, and cancer cells.

True