Ch 21 - Respiratory Care Modalities

The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for a lobectomy. Following the procedure, the nurse will plan care based on which of the following?

The patient will return to the nursing unit with two chest tubes

A nurse is caring for a client who was intubated because of respiratory failure. The client is now receiving mechanical ventilation with a preset tidal volume and number of breaths each minute. The client has the ability to breathe spontaneously between the ventilator breaths with no ventilator assistance. The nurse should document the ventilator setting as:

synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV)

The nurse is assigned the care of a patient with a chest tube. The nurse should ensure that which of the following items is kept at the patient's bedside?

A bottle of sterile water

The nurse assesses a patient with a heart rate of 42 and a blood pressure of 70/46. What type of hypoxia does the nurse determine this patient is displaying?

Circulatory hypoxia

A patient is diagnosed with mild obstructive sleep apnea after having a sleep study performed. What treatment modality will be the most effective for this patient?

Continuous positive airway pressure

The nurse should monitor a client receiving mechanical ventilation for which of the following complications?

Gastrointestinal hemorrhage

The nurse is educating the patient in the use of a mini-nebulizer. What should the nurse encourage the patient to do? (Select all that apply.)

Hold the breath at the end of inspiration for a few seconds. Cough frequently. Frequently evaluate progress.

A client suffers acute respiratory distress syndrome as a consequence of shock. The client's condition deteriorates rapidly, and endotracheal (ET) intubation and mechanical ventilation are initiated. When the high-pressure alarm on the mechanical ventilator sounds, the nurse starts to check for the cause. Which condition triggers the high-pressure alarm?

Kinking of the ventilator tubing

A client is receiving supplemental oxygen. When determining the effectiveness of oxygen therapy, which arterial blood gas value is most important?

Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2)

Which of the following is the most reliable and accurate method for delivering precise concentrations of oxygen through noninvasive means

Venturi mask

A client with a respiratory condition is receiving oxygen therapy. While assessing the client's PaO2, the nurse knows that the therapy has been effective based on which of the following readings?

84 mm Hg

Which of the following is a potential complication of a low pressure in the ET cuff?

Aspiration pneumonia

Which of the following is a potential complication of a low pressure in the endotracheal tube (ET) cuff?

Aspiration pneumonia

Which of the following is an adverse reaction that would require termination of the weaning process from the ventilator?

Blood pressure increase of 20 mm Hg

The nurse is assisting a client with postural drainage. Which of the following demonstrates correct implementation of this technique?

Instruct the client to remain in each position of the postural drainage sequence for 10 to 15 minutes.

Which ventilator mode provides a combination of mechanically assisted breaths and spontaneous breaths?

Intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV)

A patient with emphysema is placed on continuous oxygen at 2 L/min at home. Why is it important for the nurse to educate the patient and family that they must have No Smoking signs placed on the doors?

Oxygen supports combustion.

The nurse is admitting a patient with COPD. The decrease of what substance in the blood gas analysis would indicate to the nurse that the patient is experiencing hypoxemia?

PaO2

A client with COPD has been receiving oxygen therapy for an extended period. What symptoms would be indicators that the client is experiencing oxygen toxicity? Select all that apply.

Substernal pain Dyspnea Fatigue

When performing endotracheal suctioning, the nurse applies suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for which of the following time periods?

10 to 15 seconds

The nurse is caring for a patient following a wedge resection. While the nurse is assessing the patient's chest tube drainage system, constant bubbling is noted in the water seal chamber. This finding indicates which of the following problems?

Air leak

A client in the intensive care unit has a tracheostomy with humidified oxygen being instilled through it. The client is expectorating thick yellow mucus through the tracheostomy tube frequently. The nurse

Assesses the client's tracheostomy and lung sounds every 15 minutes

For a client with an endotracheal (ET) tube, which nursing action is the most important?

Auscultating the lungs for bilateral breath sounds

A nurse is planning care for a client after a tracheostomy. One of the client's goals is to overcome verbal communication impairment. Which intervention should the nurse include in the care plan?

Encourage the client's communication attempts by allowing him time to select or write words

A client who is undergoing thoracic surgery has a nursing diagnosis of "Impaired gas exchange related to lung impairment and surgery" on the nursing care plan. Which of the following nursing interventions would be appropriately aligned with this nursing diagnosis? Select all that apply

Monitor pulmonary status as directed and needed. Regularly assess the client's vital signs every 2 to 4 hours. Encourage deep breathing exercises.

A young male client has muscular dystrophy. His PaO2 is 42 mm Hg with a FiO2 of 80%. Which of the following treatments would be least invasive and most appropriate for this client?

Negative-pressure ventilator

A nurse is weaning a client from mechanical ventilation. Which assessment finding indicates the weaning process should be stopped?

Runs of ventricular tachycardia

The nurse is teaching a postoperative client who had a coronary artery bypass graft about using the incentive spirometer. The nurse instructs the client to perform the exercise in the following order:

Sit in an upright position. Place the mouthpiece of the spirometer in the mouth. Breathe air in through the mouth. Hold breath for about 3 seconds. Exhale air slowly through the mouth.

A client with myasthenia gravis is receiving continuous mechanical ventilation. When the high-pressure alarm on the ventilator sounds, what should the nurse do?

Suction the client's artificial airway.

The nurse suctions a patient through the endotracheal tube for 20 seconds and observes dysrhythmias on the monitor. What does the nurse determine is occurring with the patient?

The patient is hypoxic from suctioning.

A patient in the ICU has been orally intubated and on mechanical ventilation for 2 weeks after having a severe stroke. What action does the nurse anticipate the physician will take now that the patient has been intubated for this length of time?

The patient will have an insertion of a tracheostomy tube.

A nurse observes constant bubbling in the water-seal chamber of a closed chest drainage system. What should the nurse conclude?

The system has an air leak.

Which type of ventilator has a present volume of air to be delivered with each inspiration?

Volume-controlled

After lobectomy for lung cancer, a client receives a chest tube connected to a disposable chest drainage system. The nurse observes that the drainage system is functioning correctly when she notes tidal movements or fluctuations in which compartment of the system as the client breathes?

Water-seal chamber

The nurse is preparing to perform chest physiotherapy (CPT) on a patient. Which of the following patient statements would indicate the procedure is contraindicated.

"I just finished eating my lunch, I'm ready for my CPT now."

A client has a sucking stab wound to the chest. Which action should the nurse take first?

Apply a dressing over the wound and tape it on three sides.

The nurse is caring for a patient with an endotracheal tube (ET). Which of the following nursing interventions is contraindicated?

Deflating the cuff routinely

A client in acute respiratory distress is brought to the emergency department. After endotracheal (ET) intubation and initiation of mechanical ventilation, the client is transferred to the intensive care unit. Before suctioning the ET tube, the nurse hyperventilates and hyperoxygenates the client. What is the rationale for these interventions?

They help prevent cardiac arrhythmias.

A client who must begin oxygen therapy asks the nurse why this treatment is necessary? What would the nurse identify as the goals of oxygen therapy? Select all that apply.

To provide adequate transport of oxygen in the blood To decrease the work of breathing To reduce stress on the myocardium

A client is on a positive-pressure ventilator with a synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) setting. The ventilator is set for 8 breaths per minute. The client is taking 6 breaths per minute independently. The nurse

Continues assessing the client's respiratory status frequently

A client is postoperative and prescribed an incentive spirometer (IS). The nurse instructs the client to:

Expect coughing when using the spirometer properly.

After undergoing a left thoracotomy, a client has a chest tube in place. When caring for this client, the nurse must:

encourage coughing and deep breathing

Which of the following are indicators that a client is ready to be weaned from a ventilator? Select all that apply.

Vital capacity of 13 mL/kg Tidal volume of 8.5 mL/kg PaO2 of 64 mm Hg

A client has been placed on a ventilator, and the spouse is visiting for the first time. The spouse begins to cry. The best statement by the nurse is

"Tell me what you are feeling."

The nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU who required emergent endotracheal (ET) intubation with mechanical ventilation. The nurse receives an order to obtain arterial blood gases (ABGs) following the procedure. The nurse recognizes that ABGs should be obtained at which timeframe following the initiation of mechanical ventilation?

20 minutes

Of the following oxygen administration devices, which has the advantage of providing high oxygen concentration?

Nonrebreather mask

Which of the following is the most reliable and accurate method for delivering precise concentrations of oxygen through noninvasive means?

Venturi mask

Which type of ventilator has a pre-sent volume of air to be delivered with each inspiration?

Volume cycled

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy increases the blood's capacity to carry and deliver oxygen to compromised tissues. This therapy may be used for a client with:

a compromised skin graft.

A nurse is teaching a client about using an incentive spirometer. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

"Before you do the exercise, I'll give you pain medication if you need it."

The nurse is preparing to assist the health care provider with the removal of a patient's chest tube. Which of the following instructions will the nurse correctly give the patient?

"When the tube is being removed, take a deep breath, exhale, and bear down."

A new ICU nurse is observed by her preceptor entering a patient's room to suction the tracheostomy after performing the task 15 minutes before. What should the preceptor educate the new nurse to do to ensure that the patient needs to be suctioned?

Auscultate the lung for adventitious sounds.

A nurse prepares to perform postural drainage. How should the nurse ascertain the best position to facilitate clearing the lungs?

Auscultation

Before weaning a client from a ventilator, which assessment parameter is the most important for the nurse to obtain?

Baseline arterial blood gas (ABG) levels

A nurse is assigned to care for a client with a tracheostomy tube. How can the nurse communicate with this client?

By supplying a magic slate or similar device

After suctioning a tracheostomy tube, the nurse assesses the client to determine the effectiveness of the suctioning. Which findings indicate that the airway is now patent?

Effective breathing at a rate of 16 breaths/minute through the established airway

A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and temperature of 103° F (39.4° C). Which intervention will most likely lower the client's arterial blood oxygen saturation?

Endotracheal suctioning

The nurse is preparing to perform chest physiotherapy (CPT) on a patient. Which of the following patient statements would indicate the procedure is contraindicated.

I just finished eating my lunch, I'm ready for my CPT now."

A nurse is caring for a client after a thoracotomy for a lung mass. Which nursing diagnosis should be the first priority?

Impaired gas exchange

A nurse is attempting to wean a client after 2 days on the mechanical ventilator. The client has an endotracheal tube present with the cuff inflated to 15 mm Hg. The nurse has suctioned the client with return of small amounts of thin white mucus. Lung sounds are clear. Oxygen saturation levels are 91%. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client?

Impaired gas exchange related to ventilator setting adjustments

The nurse has instructed a patient on how to perform pursed-lip breathing. The nurse recognizes the purpose of this type of breathing is to accomplish which of the following?

Improve oxygen transport, induce a slow, deep breathing pattern, and assist the patient to control breathing

A client with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requires bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP). While caring for the client, the nurse determines that bilateral wrist restraints are required to prevent compromised care. Which client care outcome is associated with restraint use in the client who requires BiPAP?

The client will maintain adequate oxygenation.