CH 24 Fetal Head and Brain Review Questions
the anechoic midline brain structure located between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles is the: a. CSP b. cavum vergae c. corpus callosum d. 4th ventricle
a. CSP
a lemon shaped skull is related to: a. trisomy 2 b.. Arnold Chiari malformation II c. trisomy 13 d. thanatophoric dysplasia
b. Arnold Chiari malformation II
which of the following will also typically be absent with agenesis of the corpus callosum? a. cerebellar vermis b. CSP c. 3rd ventricle d. 4th ventricle
b. CSP (right next to each other)
the "sunburst" of the cerebral sulci is a sonographic findings of: a. DWM b. agenesis of the corpus callosum c. colpocephaly d. hydranencephaly
b. agenesis of the corpus callosum
the most severe form of holoprosencephaly is: a. lobar b. alobar c. semilobar d. lobular
b. alobar
the fourth ventricle is located: a. posterior to the CSP b. between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles c. anterior to the cerebellar vermis d. medial to the third ventricle
c. anterior to the cerebellar vermis
the third ventricle is located: a. anterior to the thalamus b. anterior to the cerebellar vermis c. between the two lobes of the thalamus d. superior to the corpus callosum
c. between the two lobes of the thalamus
the condition in which the frontal horns are small and the occipital horns are enlarged is referred to as: a. ethmocephaly b. hydrocephalus c. colpocephaly d. encephalitis
c. colpocephaly
all of the following are sonographic features of alobar holoprosencephaly except: a. cyclopia b. monoventricle c. dorsal cyst d. fused thalamus
c. dorsal cyst
which of the following is located on both sides of the midline? a. interhemispheric fissures b. 3rd and 4th ventricles c. lateral ventricles d. 3rd ventricle and cerebral aqueduct
c. lateral ventricles
a normal shaped skull is termed: a. dolichocephaly b. brachycephaly c. mesocephaly d. scaphocephaly
c. mesocephaly
the development of fluid-filled cleft within the cerebrum is consistent with: a. holoprosencephaly b. lissencephaly c. schinzencephaly d. hydranencephaly
c. schinzencephaly
a coverleaf-shaped skull is related to: a. trisomy 18 b. meckel-gruber syndrome c. thanatophoric dysplasia d. beckwith-wiedemann syndrome
c. thanatophoric dysplasia
what chromosomal aberration is most often associated with holoprosencephaly? a. anophthalmia b. trisomy 21 c. trisomy 13 d. trisomy 18
c. trisomy 13
a strawberry-shaped skull is commonly associated with: a. trisomy 21 b. trisomy 15 c. trisomy 18 d. trisomy 13
c. trisomy 18
the cisterna magna should not exceed _______ in the transcerebellar plane. a. 4 mm b. 2 mm c. 8 mm d. 10 mm
d. 10 mm
all of the following are sonographic findings of arnold-chiari malformation except: a. enlarged mass intermedia b. hydrocephalus c. obliteration of the cisterna magna d. strawberry sign
d. strawberry sign (associated w/ tri 18)
the choroid plexus cysts could be associated with an increase risk of: a. trisomy 13 b. trisomy 4 c. arnold-chirari II malformation d. trisomy 18
d. trisomy 18
enlargement of the frontal horns and narrowing of the occipital horns is termed: a. holoprosencephaly b. DWM c. colpocephaly d. apert syndrome
c. colpocephaly
absence of the skull is: a. hydranencephaly b. schizencephaly c. acrania d. ventriculomegaly
c. acrania
what cerebral malformation is as a result of agensis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis? a. arnold-chirari II malformation b. schizencephaly c. mega cisterna magna d. DWM
d. DWM
following an intracranial hemorrhage, a cyst is noted within the cerebrum that communicates with the lateral ventricle. this is referred to as: a. schizencephaly b. lissencephaly c. holoprosencephaly d. porencephaly
d. porencephaly
the most accurate measurement for estimating gestational age is: a. BPD b. HC c. transcerebellar measurement d. lateral ventricle
b. HC
the lack of sulci within the fetal cerebrum is a reliable indicator of: a. agenesis of the corpus callosum b. lissencephaly c. schizencephaly d. porencephaly
b. lissencephaly
which of the following would not be normally located within the midline of the fetal brain? a. CSP b. lobes of the thalamus c. third ventricle d. falx cerebri
b. lobes of the thalamus
which of the following is a genetic disorder that includes craniosynostosis, midline facial hypoplasia, and syndactyly? a. lobar holoprosencephaly b. beckwith- wiedemann syndrome c. arnold-chiari malformation d. apert syndrome
d. apert syndrome
the third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle at the: a. foramen of magendie b. foramen of luschka c. foramen of monro d. aqueduct of sylvius
d. aqueduct of sylvius
the most common cause of hydrocephalus in utero is: a. cerebral hemorrhage b. holoprosencephaly c. brain tumor d. aqueductal stenosis
d. aqueductal stenosis
the double fold of dura mater that divides the cerebral hemispheres is the: a. cerebellum b. CSP c. corpus callosum d. falx cerebri
d. falx cerebri
what cerebral abnormality are atypical facial features most commonly associated with? a. DWM b. schizencephaly c. lissencephaly d. holoprosencephaly
d. holoprosencephaly
what fetal suture is located within the frontal bone along the midline of the forehead? a. squamosal suture b. sagittal suture c. lambdoidal suture d. metopic suture
d. metopic suture
The band of tissue that allows communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the: a. falx cerebri b. corpus callosum c. cerebellar vermis d. CSP
b. corpus callosum
which of the following should not be included in the correct level for an HC measurement? a. falx cerebri b. fourth ventricle c. thalamus d. CSP
b. fourth ventricle
the sonographic finding of a fluid filled cranium with absence of cerebral tissue is consistent with: a. hydrocephalus b. hydranencephaly c. holoprosencephaly d. schizencephaly
b. hydranencephaly
the structure located between the two lobes of the cerebellum is the: a. cerebellar vermis b. cerebellar tonsils c. falx cerebri d. corpus callosum
a. cerebellar vermis
with what structure does the posterior fossa cyst associated with DWM communicate? a. fourth ventricle b. third ventricle c. cerebellar vermis d. cerebral aqueduct
a. fourth ventricle
which of the following would be the most likely fetal cranial findings with TORCH infections? a. intracranial calcifications b. cerebral atrophy c. porencephaly d. scaphocephaly
a. intracranial calcifications
the interthalamic adhesions (massa intermedia) passes through the: a. third ventricle b. fourth ventricle c. cisterna magna d. CSP
a. third ventricle
dangling choroid sign is associated with: a. ventriculomegaly b. hydranencephaly c. lissencephaly d. meckel-gruber syndrome
a. ventriculomegaly
a cisterna magna that measure 15 mm and a normal appearing cerebellum is most likely: a. arnold-chiari II malformation b. schizencephaly c. mega cisterna magna d. DWM
c. mega cisterna magna
