Ch. 24 Urinary System

Based on what you know about the location of the kidneys in the posterior abdominal wall, the hilum of the kidney must be at the level of which vertebra?

L1 or L2

Vessels and nerves enter and leave the kidney through the

medial hilum

If you looked closely at the tip of a renal papilla with a hand lens, the hundreds of little openings you would see on its surface are

openings of papillary ducts

Before it enters the ureter, urine collects in the

renal pelvis

An important difference between the peritubular capillaries and the vasa recta in the kidney is that

the vasa recta are in the medulla, whereas the peritubular capillaries are in the cortex

Why are urinary tract infections more common in females than in males?

In females the urethra is shorter than in males

Urine flows from the kidney to the bladder by gravity and peristalsis

True

Renin is produced in

the granular cells

Which of the following conditions is most often seen in elderly males with prostatic hyperplasia?

urinary retention

Which of the following is not part of the filtration membrane?

granular cells

The internal urethral sphincter is composed of smooth muscle and is under involuntary control

True

Urine drains from the kidney in the following sequence: from the collecting duct to the minor calyx to the major calyx to the renal pelvis and then to the ureter

True

Cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons can be distinguished by the absence of a vasa recta in the cortical nephrons

True

In females, the urinary bladder lies anterior to the vagina and uterus

True

The kidneys lie behind the ________ cavity

abdominal