Ch 3 LearnSmart Abnormal Psychology

When psychologists conduct an assessment, they must take into account a person's cultural, ethnic and racial background, performing a ____ assessment.

Multicultural

The ____ of a test indicates the consistency of the scores it produces. In other words, it should produce the same results regardless of when it is give, and the individual should answer test items in a similar fashion

Reliability

A ___ interview provides standardized questions that are worded in the same way for all clients and can either provide a diagnosis on which to base further treatment or to classify the client's symptoms into a DMS disorder

Structured

The concept of validity of a psychological test refers to the idea that a. A test measures what it was designed to measure b. A test produces the same results regardless of when it is given c. An individual's test result can be compared to results of others who have taken the test

a. A test measures what it was designed to measure

Which of the following are features of behavioral assessment? a. Actions are recorded b. People are asked to fill out self-report inventories c. Antecedents and consequences are noted d. Responses to inkblots or pictures are recorded

a. Actions are recorded c. Antecedents and consequences are noted

Ben Robsham was referred to a neuropsychologist to rule out a. Brain damage b. A personality disorder c. Low intelligence

a. Brain damage

For which of the following reasons might a psychological assessment be conducted? a. Determination of level of functioning b. Diagnosis c. As part of a routine physical examination d. Forensic evaluation

a. Determination of level of functioning b. Diagnosis d. Forensic evaluation

Esther is having a brain scan for the purpose of a. Determining areas of brain damage b. Figuring out her personality characteristics c. Predicting whether or not she can live independently

a. Determining areas of brain damage

Which of the following best apply to the clinical interview? a. Highly personal information is provided b. It is a key step toward diagnosis c. It is usually optional d. It involves respectful questioning e. It is like a job interview

a. Highly personal information is provided b. It is a key step toward diagnosis d. It involves respectful questioning

The "cross-cutting" interview in the DSM-5's Section III allows clinicians to a. Identify symptoms that may not fit precisely into the categorically based diagnoses b. Examine a client with greater intensity, to reveal any dishonesty during the interview c. Review symptoms across all psychological disorders d. Analyze the answers with a computer to speed the diagnostic process

a. Identify symptoms that may not fit precisely into the categorically based diagnoses c. Review symptoms across all psychological disorders

Alexis' psychologist has asked her to keep track of how often she drinks alcohol throughout the day. This is most likely an example of a. In vivo observation b. A self-reporting personality inventory c. Self-monitoring d. An analog situation

c. Self-monitoring

A psychologist does an extensive assessment on Rae Ann and discovers that she most likely has memory difficulties. To help her to build on her adaptive abilities, the psychologist suggests a. Maybe a friend or relative can take responsibility for her remembering b. That a lot of things really are not worth remembering anyway c. That she should make lists and keep a detailed calendar

c. That she should make lists and keep a detailed calendar

A clinician who specializes in research on sleep disorders has a laboratory equipped with a sleep chamber where he can have clients sleep while he observes and measures. This is an example of a. In vivo observation b. Neuropsychological testing c. Projective testing d. Analog observation

d. Analog observation

Which of the following instruments fits the category of a self-report clinical inventory which has the advantages of efficient administration, objective scoring and independent test-taking on the part of the person being tested? a. WPPSI-III b. FSIQ c. WAIS-IV d. MMPI-2-RF

d. MMPI-2-RF

The fMRI uses ___ to detect brain activity a. Measuring of brain waves b. The metabolic activity of neurons c. Injection of radioactive materials d. Magnetism

d. Magnetism

Concerned family members have brought 86-year-old Dorothy to see Dr. Marshall, a psychologist who is using a brief screening device to assess dementia. Which of the following instruments is Dr. Marshall most likely using? a. MMPI-2 b. Wechsler Intelligence Scale c. Projective testing d. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)

d. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)

Maxine's husband will complete a personality inventory for her. This is most likely which of the following? a. SCL-90 b. MMPI c. WAIS-III d. NEO-PI-R e. TAT

d. NEO-PI-R

___ provides a picture of the brain's structures or level of activity and therefore is a useful tool for "looking" at the brain. a. Wechsler Memory Scale b. Glasgow Coma Scale c. Adaptive testing d. Neuroimaging

d. Neuroimaging

The assessment process typically begins with which of the following? a. Psychological testing b. Diagnosis c. Neuropsychological evaluation d. The clinical interview

d. The clinical interview

In neuropsychological computerized testing, the term ___ testing refers to testing in which the clients' responses to earlier questions determine the subsequent questions presented to them.

Adaptive

Psychological ___ is a procedure in which a clinician provides a formal evaluation of a person's cognitive, personality, and psychosocial functioning

Assessment

True or False: The purpose of a psychological assessment is always to provide a diagnosis a. True b. False

False

A specific type of psychological assessment, ___ assessment, involves a clinician determining whether or not a suspect is competent to stand trial.

Forensic

Which of the following information is available through the administration of the WAIS-IV? a. Index scores that provide valuable information b. Projective personality data from self-report c. A person's motivation in the testing situation d. Clinical observation of appearance and demeanor

a. Index scores that provide valuable information c. A person's motivation in the testing situation d. Clinical observation of appearance and demeanor

Which of the following apply to the Rorschach Test? a. It is a projective test b. People are asked to self-report c. There are ten cards in the test d. It involves inkblots e. People are asked to tell a story

a. It is a projective test c. There are ten cards in the test d. It involves inkblots

Which of the following are true of the Clock Drawing Test used in neuropsychological assessment? a. It is a test of visuospatial skill b. It involves drawing on the part of the client c. A client has to draw a human in a specific amount of time d. It is a test of how many words can be recalled in two minutes

a. It is a test of visuospatial skill b. It involves drawing on the part of the client

Which of the following are advantages of the MRI? a. It is useful for diagnosing diseases that affect nerve fibers in the brain b. It shows patterns of brain waves when a person engages in particular tasks c. It differentiates areas of white matter from gray matter

a. It is useful for diagnosing diseases that affect nerve fibers in the brain c. It differentiates areas of white matter from gray matter

Which of the following are disadvantages of in vivo observation? a. It may cause behaviors to change b. Test data obtained may not be valid or reliable c. It may disruptive d. It may cause clients to be less guarded

a. It may cause behaviors to change c. It may disruptive

Which of the following neuroimaging activities produce static brain images? a. MRI b. PET c. EEG d. CAT

a. MRI d. CAT

Which of the following is a neuroimaging scanning method that measures metabolic activity of neurons? a. MRS b. EEG c. CT

a. MRS

The WMS-IV is used extensively in neuropsychological assessment to investigate a. Memory functions b. Mathematical capabilities c. Personality functioning d. Intelligence capabilities

a. Memory functions

Which of the following are true of the Thematic Apperception Test? a. People are asked to look at pictures and tell a story b. It is an intelligence test c. It involves inkblots d. It is a personality test e. It is a projective test

a. People are asked to look at pictures and tell a story d. It is a personality test e. It is a projective test

The ___ of a test indicates the consistency of the score it produces. In other words, it should produce the same results regardless of when it is given, and the individual should answer test items in a similar fashion.

a. Reliability

Which of the following are components of evidence-based assessment in clinical practice? a. Reliance on research findings b. Reliance on scientifically viable theories c. Reliance on gut level feelings and intuition d. The disregarding of empirical evaluation e. The use of psychometrically strong measures

a. Reliance on research findings b. Reliance on scientifically viable theories e. The use of psychometrically strong measures

Bernie has panic attacks, and his therapist wants him to record their occurrence and frequency as well as what occurred prior to the panic attack and what the consequence of it was. This is an example of which of the following? a. Self-monitoring b. Analog observation c. Projective testing d. In vivo observation

a. Self-monitoring

The literature is increasingly supporting dimensional approaches because a. Some disorders combine features of two disorders b. Categorical distinctions among disorders sometimes seem arbitrary c. This will reduce the bias of clinicians during a categorical diagnostic interview d. Some clients have more than one disorder, and their diagnoses don't fit into one category

a. Some disorders combine features of two disorders b. Categorical distinctions among disorders sometimes seem arbitrary d. Some clients have more than one disorder, and their diagnoses don't fit into one category

Which of the following are features of the concept of standardization in psychological testing? a. The ability to compare test-taker scores b. Adapting a psychological test to better fit the personality of the person taking it c. The same instructions for taking a test d. The same scoring procedures for each person taking the test e. The same amount of time for taking a test

a. The ability to compare test-taker scores c. The same instructions for taking a test d. The same scoring procedures for each person taking the test e. The same amount of time for taking a test

Which of the following is considered a key step in the diagnostic process? a. The clinical interview b. School and work records c. Neuroimaging

a. The clinical interview

Which of the following are true of the Wechsler intelligence scales? a. These tests are often used in clinical settings. b. The scales were originally developed in 1939 and published in 1955. c. There is an adult version, a version for children, and a version for preschoolers. d. These test are group administered to schoolchildren on a regular basis.

a. These tests are often used in clinical settings. b. The scales were originally developed in 1939 and published in 1955. And c. There is an adult version, a version for children, and a version for preschoolers.

Which of the following are advantages of self-report clinical inventories? a. They can be completed independently as paper and pencil tests or on a computer b. They are objective, in that subjective judgment is not required on the part of the examiner c. They provide valuable information in the domain of processing speed d. Large numbers of people can take these in an efficient manner

a. They can be completed independently as paper and pencil tests or on a computer b. They are objective, in that subjective judgment is not required on the part of the examiner d. Large numbers of people can take these in an efficient manner

The purpose of personality testing is to a. Understand a person's thoughts, behaviors, and emotions b. Determine what a person's intelligence level is c. Assess learning capacities

a. Understand a person's thoughts, behaviors, and emotions

Which of the following are advantages of the administration of the WAIS-IV? a. Unusual responses can be noted b. Behavioral observations are noted c. It is individually administered d. It is group administered

a. Unusual responses can be noted b. Behavioral observations are noted c. It is individually administered

Which of the following are the major scoring components of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales? a. Verbal comprehension b. Perceptual organization c. Paranoia d. Need for power e. Processing speed f. Working memory

a. Verbal comprehension b. Perceptual organization e. Processing speed f. Working memory

The Perceptual Reasoning Index of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale Assesses. a. Visual-spatial and fluid reasoning. b. The capacity to hold and process information in memory. c. Acquired knowledge and verbal reasoning. d. General personality functioning.

a. Visual-spatial and fluid reasoning

Which of the following components are common to the neuropsychological assessment? a. executive functioning b. verbal and visual memory c. vocabulary d. historical knowledge e. processing speed

a. executive functioning b. verbal and visual memory e. processing speed

Which of the following is an advantage of the structured interview? a. it is less subject to variation b. it allows for open-ended questions and the opportunity to expand c. it give clients a chance to talk about their choice of topics

a. it is less subject to variation

A researcher wants to be able to see what level of brain activity is occurring when a person is solving a puzzle. Most likely she would use a. An MRI b. A PET c. An EEG d. A CT scan

b. A PET

Which of the following are true of the task of the clinician in doing assessment? a. Clinicians typically follow a cookbook approach to assessment b. Assessment is individualized c. Tests to be administered are decided on the basis of behavioral symptoms d. Existing abilities are taken into account

b. Assessment is individualized c. Tests to be administered are decided on the basis of behavioral symptoms d. Existing abilities are taken into account

Kayla has been seeing a psychologist for smoking cessation. The psychologist is noting the events that following smoking, which are called a. Analog observations b. Behavior consequences c. Antecedents

b. Behavior consequences

The first time that Charlotte saw her psychologist, he asked her about her overeating behaviors, what occurred before overeating, and what the consequences were. He was most likely conducting which of the following? a. Neuropsychological assessment b. Behavioral interview c. Mental status exam d. Adaptive testing session

b. Behavioral interview

Select all of the following that represent the results of Ben Robsham's case a. Ben will begin working in the community b. Ben will receive vocational counseling c. Ben will have rehabilitation d. Ben will receive supportive therapy

b. Ben will receive vocational counseling c. Ben will have rehabilitation d. Ben will receive supportive therapy

The Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test used in neuropsychological functioning assesses which of the following? a. Vocabulary acquired through schooling b. Calculation ability c. Brain injury d. Auditory information processing speed

b. Calculation ability c. Brain injury d. Auditory information processing speed

Which of the following are components of a structured interview? a. Questions that can be asked in any order or discarded b. Classification of client symptoms into DSM disorders c. Open ended questions that elicit information d. Standardized questions

b. Classification of client symptoms into DSM disorders d. Standardized questions

The DSM-5 task force is recommending a major shift in diagnostic assessment, including ___ assessments along with the existing ___ diagnoses a. Categorical; dimensional b. Dimensional; categorical

b. Dimensional; categorical

The Wisconsin Card Sort Test is a test of a. Long-term memory capacity b. Executive functioning c. Intelligence d. Personality

b. Executive functioning

The Trail Making Test evaluates which of the following? a. Functioning of the temporal lobes b. Functioning of the frontal lobes c. Academic grade level functioning d. Ability to do advanced mathematics

b. Functioning of the frontal lobes

34. Dr. Hunter is a child psychologist who does much of her research observing children's patterns of play in the natural setting. The best description of what Dr. Hunter does is a. A mental status exam b. In vivo observation c. Projective testing d. Neuropsychological assessment

b. In vivo observation

What are the advantages of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI)? a. It is considerably longer than the MMPI so it takes a lot longer to complete b. It can be used with clients who may not have the language skills necessary to complete the MMPI c. Its validity scale is calculated independently of any content scales d. It can be used with clients who may not have the reading skills necessary to complete the MMPI e. It is the most popular and most used measure of intelligence

b. It can be used with clients who may not have the language skills necessary to complete the MMPI c. Its validity scale is calculated independently of any content scales d. It can be used with clients who may not have the reading skills necessary to complete the MMPI

Which of the following is an advantage of the SCL-90-R? a. It is a projective test b. It focuses on the client's current status c. Its focus is on determining intelligence d. It focuses on symptoms from the past

b. It focuses on the client's current status

Which of the following are true of the EEG? a. It provides static images of the brain b. It shows patters of brain waves c. It measures electrical activity in the brain d. It provides images of brain activity

b. It shows patters of brain waves c. It measures electrical activity in the brain

Which of the following are true of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test? a. It is seldom used because it lacks reliability b. It yields an overall IQ score c. The average IQ is 100 d. It is not a standardized test e. It was originally developed in the 1900s

b. It yields an overall IQ score c. The average IQ is 100 e. It was originally developed in the 1900s

In neuropsychological assessment, the Boston Naming Test assesses which of the following? a. Spatial intelligence b. Language capacity c. Social comprehension d. Personality functioning

b. Language capacity

The Electroencephalogram EEG a. Produces static images of the brain b. Measures electrical activity in the brain c. Assesses memory d. Produces images that monitor brain activity

b. Measures electrical activity in the brain

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a commonly used neuropsychological assessment device to assess a. Mathematical skill b. Possible traumatic brain injury c. Intelligence and personality

b. Possible traumatic brain injury

Positron emission tomography (PET) a. Shows blood flow but not oxygen or glucose metabolism b. Provides images of brain activity c. Shows static images of the brain

b. Provides images of brain activity

In a behavioral assessment, the ___ behavior is what the client and clinician wish to change a. Self-reported b. Target c. Observable d. Multicultural

b. Target

Dr. Herrington writes her psychological report and says, "The client has a good understanding of herself and gets along well with others." This kind of generic statement is indicative of. a. An unstructured interview. b. The Barnum Effect. c. Validity and reliability concerns. d. Lack of standardization.

b. The Barnum Effect

Which of the following are issues for clinicians relying entirely on computer interpretation of self-report inventories? a. They usually fit the individual quite well b. There may be a Barnum Effect c. They are generic

b. There may be a Barnum Effect c. They are generic

When a clinician wants to have images of structural damage to the brain, which of the following is used? a. Trail Making Test b. EEG c. CT Scan

c. CT Scan

Neuropsychological assessment is the process of a. Asking a client to engage in behavioral self-report that involves keeping track of the frequency of specified behaviors b. Obtaining information from a client on target behaviors and antecedents and consequences c. Gathering information about a client's brain functioning on the basis of performance on psychological tests

c. Gathering information about a client's brain functioning on the basis of performance on psychological tests

A psychologist is considering using a particular psychological test and wants information on reliability and validity. This information can be found a. By asking other psychologists about their experiences b. By trying it out to see if it works c. In published literature about the instrument

c. In published literature about the instrument

A(n) ___ test can be used to assess overall cognitive abilities, assess the likelihood of future academic success, and assist in the diagnosis of learning disabilities. a. MMPI-2 b. Personality c. Intelligence d. Wisconsin Card Sort

c. Intelligence

Which of the following components are typical of the unstructured clinical interview? a. The order of the questions and exact wording should not be varied b. It usually includes a mental status exam c. It is the least formal version of the clinical interview d. It consists of a series of open-ended questions e. The client's body language is usually observed

c. It is the least formal version of the clinical interview d. It consists of a series of open-ended questions e. The client's body language is usually observed

The ___ is a popular self-report inventory that has 567 true-false statements that describe a person's thoughts, behaviors, feelings, and attitudes. a. WPPSI-III b. WAIS-IV c. MMPI-2 d. TAT

c. MMPI-2

A clinician who is assessing a client's current state of mind is most likely conducting a(n) a. Intelligence testing session b. Personality assessment c. Mental status examination d. Unstructured clinical interview

c. Mental status examination

The Trail Making Test is being used in an assessment. Most likely the assessment is a. Behavioral b. Behavioral self-report c. Neuropsychological

c. Neuropsychological

A technique in which a psychologist asks a client questions about ambiguous figures is called a(n) a. NEO test b. Objective test c. Projective test d. Analog observation

c. Projective test

A client takes an MMPI-2 test in January and then takes the same test again in March. The scores each time are quite similar. This illustrates the concept of a. Standardization b. Validity c. Reliability

c. Reliability

During a cultural formulation, the interviewer should allow the client to report subjective experiences because a. The clinician should strive to gather as much personal information as possible b. The clinician should document any disturbing cultural beliefs c. It will set the client at ease and make the interview go more smoothly d. This will help prevent the clinician's biases from affecting the diagnosis

d. This will help prevent the clinician's biases from affecting the diagnosis

The ___ clinical interview consists of open-ended questions regarding symptoms, health, history, and reasons for seeking treatment. a. Mini-mental status b. Structured c. Mental status d. Unstructured

d. Unstructured

Which of the following neuroimaging techniques provides a picture of how people react to stimuli virtually in real time? a. WMS b. CT c. EEG d. fMRI

d. fMRI