Ch 3: Psychological Theories

Which therapeutic factor refers to the group members' relationships to the therapist and other group members?

group cohesiveness

The nurse is working with a client seeking treatment for bulimia and determines that cognitive restructuring will help build the client's self-esteem. Which best describes the goals of cognitive restructuring?

Change distorted thinking and the subsequent behaviors

While participating in a group therapy session, one group member consistently asks for clarification of the topic the group is discussing. The nurse leading the group interprets this behavior as reflecting which group role?

information seeker

When describing the influence of Harry Stack Sullivan on psychiatric-mental health nursing, which would an instructor address as a major concept?

interpersonal relationships

The mental health nurse is helping a client learn more about the client's psychotropic medication. The nurse, in this instance, is functioning with which type of approach to nursing practice?

teacher

Which individual is most likely to benefit from brief cognitive therapy?

A college freshman who is experiencing intense anxiety in the days before the client's final exams breif cognitive therapy is always for well educated individuals

Which represents the best definition of theory?

A persons or groups believe about how something happens or works

The most superficial and accessible levels of cognition and generally the first to be targeted in treatments are?

Automatic thoughts

The nurse explains to the client that extra television time will be awarded based on appropriate behavior during group therapy. Which theorist's concepts is the nurse utilizing?

B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning

A nurse is leading a group. During the session, the nurse observes the members testing each other to see if they can trust each other. The nurse leader also knows that the members are testing the nurse to. The nurse interprets his behavior as characteristics of which phase?

Beginning

The nurse is working with the family that has indicated a desire to learn better communication skills. The nurse role plays assertive communication techniques with each family member. The role-play is an example of what type of family intervention?

Behavioral

Which statement is inconsistent with the concept of milieu therapy, originally developed by Henry Sullivan

Clients work independently to solve day today problems

Which statement is inconsistent with the concept of milieu therapy, originally developed by Henry Stack Sullivan?

Clients work independently to solve day-to-day problems.

A nurse working on a psychiatric unit is helping clients to understand how individual perceptions determine a persons response or behavior in stressful situations. Which therapeutic approach is a nurse employee?

Cognitive therapy

Aaron back is associated with?

Cognitive therapy

Which treatment modality explains the presence of emotions like sadness, anxiety and anger?

Cognitive therapy

A psychiatric nurse who was sexually assaulted by a tall blonde man finds herself becoming severely anxious whenever a man with those characteristics is admitted to the unit. Which symptom is the nurse exhibiting?

Countertransference

The nurse has a client who reminds the nurse of the nurse's sister, with whom the nurse has a close and positive relationship. This phenomenon is best characterized by which term?

Countertransference the phenomenon whereby the nurse transfers feelings that the nurse has about another person onto the client. These feelings are not based on the reality of the client-nurse relationship but a past relationship that is not connected with the client.

Many families take years to understand that a member is mentally ill and identify the warning signs of relapse. During this period, they try to normalize puzzling behaviors. This is called

Denial

When working with children, a major consideration for framing assessment and all nursing interventions is what?

Developmental level

A nurse is assessing a young adult and determined that the individual has achieved successful resolution of the previous stage of growth and development as evidence by demonstrating?

Devotion and fidelity

Which group role is best reflected by the client who consistently validates numbers contribution, tries to be the mediator between groups, and interprets the groups procedures?

Group building and maintenance

A group of nursing students is reviewing information about Freud's personality structure. Student demonstrates understanding of this information when they identify the ability to form mutually satisfying relationships as a function of

Ego

A nurse is applying principles of cognitive therapy in a treatment of a client with depression. Which intervention is an example of cognitive behavioral therapy?

Encourage the client to identify descriptive thoughts and practice mindfulness

Which theorist contribution lead nurses to recognize that personality development begins at birth?

Erik Erikson

When providing care to an older adult client with dementia, the psychiatric mental health nurse is assessing the clients in formal support systems. Which aspect with the nurse most likely address? Select all that apply

Family friends neighbors

Which stage of cognitive development is being achieved with a client demonstrates the ability to think and reason in abstract terms?

Formal operation

The nurse observes an elderly client teaching an adolescent how to crochet a pot holder. The nurse evaluates this behavior as evidence of resolution of Erickson's developmental stage of what?

Generativity vs. stagnation

When a group leader uses teambuilding exercises, the leaders trying to promote what?

Group cohesiveness

Which is an advantage of group therapy over individual therapy for a client with a borderline personality disorder?

Group therapy provides the client with relationship opportunities upon which to test behavior modifications

Which theories viewed interpersonal relationships as a basis of human development and behavior?

Harry Sullivan

Which psychotherapy pioneer introduced to term parataxis

Harry Sullivan Parataxis is using terms that start with I, for example " I came, I saw, I conquered". Often use and therapeutic relationships to build a basis of emotions

From the standpoint of cognitive therapy, the term cognition refers to what?

How clients think about themselves and their world - i.e how they think and why they think that way

Which statement would indicate that the group is in the working phase of development?

I don't understand why Mary doesn't see my point of you, and quite frankly it irritates me

Which nursing theory focuses on the nurse client relationship and development of problem-solving skills

Interpersonal theory

Which indicates that the nurse, acting as a leader of the group of a recovering clients with alcohol abuse, is addressing the responsibility of maintaining the groups process?

Keeping the group on task by reinstating goals

One particular member of the medication group always seeks out the nurse for a one on one conversation before each meeting and during schedule breaks during the meetings. What should the nurses initial response to you?

Make a point of engaging with other group members before an after meetings and during breaks

A new program has been launched with the goal of fostering the development of life skills for community-dwelling clients with mental illness, aiming to teach them how to shop, cook, and manage money more effectively. This program demonstrates what approach to practice?

Needs-oriented approach rationale: Supplementing knowledge and teaching skills to clients are activities that are central to the needs-oriented approach to nursing. Such a program is less likely to prioritize the relationship focus of the interaction-oriented approach or the emphasis on health environments that is associated with the outcome-oriented approach. The eclectic approach is more individualized to the nurse's perspectives, priorities, and skills.

what action by the psychiatric mental health nurse best demonstrates the behavioral theory of skinner?

Offering the client for an outside smoke break if they agree to eat nutritious meals at scheduling times

A newly omitted client has joined an anger management group as part of treatment in the hospital. Which type of group would be appropriate for this client?

Open

Which concepts states that if a certain behavior is rewarded with praise, that behavior will probably be repeated?

Operant conditioning

A nurse is part of the treatment team using cognitive behavioral therapy. The nurse understands that this therapy operates on the premise that a person is disturbed by what?

Perception of an event

Calling the client by name and spending time with the client examples of what?

Positive regard

Client has entered treatment for substance-abuse and psychotherapy. The client asks about what to expect from individual psychotherapy sessions if the client, works really hard at it,. The nurse can answer the question most effectively with which response?

Psychotherapy will help you adapt healthy coping mechanisms

The therapist believes that some clients experience anxiety and depression due to irrational beliefs that are causing the client emotional distress. Which with this therapist most likely use when working with this "client?

Rational emotive behavioral therapy

The nurse is providing hygiene care for 70-year-old client in a nursing home who states the client does not like the physician. Later when the physician enters the room, the nurse notes at the client is very friendly with the physician complementing their care. Which defense mechanism is the client displayed

Reaction formation displaying a behavior, attitude, or feelings opposite to which one would normally exhibit in the same situation.

Which is the most effective goal for clients who are learning about the adaptive use of ego defense mechanism?

Reduce fear and protect self-esteem

Which action reflects group development in the initial stage?

Seeking similarities

Which nursing theorist was opposed to the idea that client passively receives treatment?

Sullivan

Which part of personality structures associated with ethics, standards, and self criticism?

Superego

In terms of Maslow's hierarchy of need, family living in poverty may be focused more on which type of need rather than self actualization?

Survival

Health promotion and health maintenance interventions related to psychiatric mental health nurse and include Lauster Mark

Teaching stress reduction techniques

for a client was anxiety, the individual psychotherapy process moves into the working phase 1 which occurs

The client expresses a willingness to discuss with the client thinks is the cause of anxiety

Which are the 2 most important reasons that nurses utilize theories in their approach to helping clients with psychiatric disorders?

Theories provide knowledge expansion in the field, and their way of incorporating known findings into a framework for understanding clients

A client is undergoing individual psychotherapy. The client is yelling at the therapist because of a fight with a client spouse about their children several years ago. In this incident, the client is exhibiting what response?

Transference

According to Maslow, mentally healthy people who achieve self actualization are able to do what?

Use varied approaches to problem solve

A group has formed and is going through the phases of group development. The nurse leading the group determines the group is in which phase of when the group realizes it's purpose?

Working

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child during a well-child visit. According to the Sullivan's stages of development, which behavior would the nurse expect to find in this child?

child is performing actions for praise from parents

Several members of a self-help group are making T-shirts for the group to wear in a parade. This is an example of which element of group therapy?

group cohesiveness

The nurse is working with a client who is grieving over the death of a parent. Which concept is the nurse demonstrating when stating to the client, "I know how sad I was when I lost my parent"?

empathy

The nurse leader of a group observes a group member attempting to stimulate the group to action or decision. The nurse interprets this member as fulfilling which role?

energizer

An instructor is teaching a class about the use of cognitive therapies in psychiatric nursing. Which statement made by a student identifies a need for further instruction?

lengths of in-patients stay are becoming younger annually

To facilitate the understanding of a crisis, which intervention should the nurse employ?

listen and assist the client to articulate their feelings

A new program has been launched with the goal of fostering the development of life skills for community-dwelling clients with mental illness, aiming to teach them how to shop, cook, and manage money more effectively. This program demonstrates what approach to practice?

needs- oriented approach rationale: less likely to prioritize the relationship focus of the interaction-oriented approach or the emphasis on health environments that is associated with the outcome-oriented approach. The eclectic approach is more individualized to the nurse's perspectives, priorities, and skills.

According to Maslow, an individual who has developed to the individual's fullest potential has achieved what level of his hierarchy?

self- actualization

The nursing theorist Peplau identified which as the essence of psychiatric-mental health nursing?

the nurse-client relationship ** emphasized therapeutic relationships !

The following statements are heard in a group: "You can't say that because you don't really know me." "I wonder if the therapist is going to leave?" and "I'm not sure whether or not I can really talk freely." These best reflect which group theme?

trust and belonging