CH 30

Which vaccination prevents human papillomavirus (HPV) infections? 1 Pertussis 2 Tetanus 3 Gardasil 4 Hepatitis B

3 Gardasil

One of the major roles in nursing is promotion of wellness and disease prevention. Which approach is most effective for the pediatric nurse to use to meet the demands of this major role? 1 Child-nurse approach 2 Child-parent approach 3 Multidisciplinary approach 4 Nurse-health care provider approach

3 Multidisciplinary approach

While interacting with a school-age child, the nurse learns that the child uses a lanolin-based sunscreen. Which suggestion does the nurse give to the child? 1 "Use a non-alcohol-based sunscreen." 2 "Use an alcohol-based sunscreen." 3 "Continue using the lanolin-based sunscreen." 4 "Use a sunscreen with sun protective factor (SPF) of 40."

1 "Use a non-alcohol-based sunscreen."

A nurse teaches a teen that which method is most effective in preventing sexually transmitted diseases? 1 Abstinence 2 Condom use 3 Immunization 4 Responsible sexual behavior

1 Abstinence

A nurse is presenting information on sexual health to teens. The nurse teaches that which three-dose vaccines are given to prevent infection from human papillomavirus (HPV)? 1 HPV and varicella 2 Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) and Vero cell 3 Cervarix and Gardasil 4 Vero cell and varicella

3 Cervarix and Gardasil

The parent of an adolescent reports that the adolescent talks to his dead grandmother. Upon reviewing the adolescent's blood reports, the nurse finds traces of heroin in the blood sample. Which nursing intervention would help the adolescent? 1 Asking the adolescent to exercise 2 Asking the adolescent to watch television 3 Asking the parents to avoid disturbing the adolescent 4 Asking parents to discuss the risks of substance abuse and supervise the adolescent

4 Asking parents to discuss the risks of substance abuse and supervise the adolescent

A school nurse is presenting a health class to teens. What does the nurse teach is the single most preventable cause of death and disease in the United States? 1 Cancer 2 Drug abuse 3 Type 2 diabetes 4 Cigarette smoking

4 Cigarette smoking

Secondhand smoke is also referred to as which type of tobacco smoke? 1 Outside 2 Industrial 3 Household 4 Environmental

4 Environmental

The nurse repeats instructions to prevent nursing bottle caries in an infant. Which statement by the mother indicates the need for additional teaching? 1 "I should use sugar-coated pacifiers for the child." 2 "I should use water in the bedtime bottle for the child." 3 "I should avoid using juice in the bedtime bottle for the child." 4 "I should clean the child's oral cavity before putting the child to bed."

1 "I should use sugar-coated pacifiers for the child."

A nurse reviewing the Healthy People 2020 report reads that substance abuse among adolescents remains below the all-time high in 1979. However, the report notes an increase has been seen in one age group. Which age group should the nurse focus on for substance abuse education? 1 12 to 13 years 2 13 to 14 years 3 14 to 15 years 4 15 to 16 years

1 12 to 13 years

The nurse knows that excess weight in the pediatric population can lead to which risks to physical health? Select all that apply. 1 Arthritis 2 Sleep apnea 3 Type 1 diabetes 4 High cholesterol 5 Lack of fat in liver 6 High blood pressure

1 Arthritis 2 Sleep apnea 4 High cholesterol 6 High blood pressure

The nurse warns the parents of a 1-year-old infant to keep grapes out of the reach of their infant. Which possible outcome could be the rationale behind this instruction? 1 Asphyxiation 2 Dental caries 3 Malocclusion 4 Increased glucose levels

1 Asphyxiation

What are the physiologic benefits of regular physical activity in children? Select all that apply. 1 Decrease in risk of obesity 2 Decrease in risk of fatty liver 3 Decrease in risk of diabetes mellitus 4 Increase in muscle and bone strength 5 Decrease in risk of stress and depression

1 Decrease in risk of obesity 4 Increase in muscle and bone strength

The pediatric nurse knows that which topics lay the foundation for healthy growth and development of children and adolescents? 1 Diet and exercise 2 Diet and vaccinations 3 Regular checkups and exercise 4 Regular checkups and vaccinations

1 Diet and exercise

The parents of a child who is obese report that their child spends most of the time browsing the Internet. Which is the best suggestion to help reduce the child's excess weight? 1 Encourage the child to engage in physical activities. 2 Suggest a healthy diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains. 3 Recommend reducing fast food consumption and consuming lower-calorie foods. 4 Suggest increasing the time to engage with others and interact with family members.

1 Encourage the child to engage in physical activities.

A nurse is educating a parent group regarding accidental poisoning. Which prevention measure will the nurse be sure to include? 1 "Place medications in a medicine cabinet." 2 "Tighten caps on cleaning supplies under the sink." 3 "Keep syrup of ipecac on hand for all types of suspected poisonings." 4 "Remind grandparents to keep their medications out of reach of children."

4 "Remind grandparents to keep their medications out of reach of children."

A community health nurse is developing a program on obesity in children and adolescents. Which factor does the nurse list as the most common contributor to children being overweight? 1 Poverty 2 Working mothers 3 Fast food consumption 4 Decreased physical activity

4 Decreased physical activity

The nurse knows that which psychological risks are associated with excess weight in the pediatric population? Select all that apply. 1 Discrimination 2 Social isolation 3 Suicidal ideation 4 Social stigmatization 5 Lowered self-esteem 6 Feelings of depression and rejection

1 Discrimination 2 Social isolation 4 Social stigmatization 5 Lowered self-esteem 6 Feelings of depression and rejection

Which factor is associated with high-risk sexual behavior among adolescents and with teen pregnancy? 1 Alcohol abuse 2 Reckless driving 3 Wearing revealing clothes 4 Lack of support from family

1 Alcohol abuse

A teenage girl refuses the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Which complication of HPV infection should the nurse teach the teenager about? 1 Asthma 2 Cervical cancer 3 Gastroenteritis 4 Uterine fibroids

2 Cervical cancer

Which instruction does the nurse repeat to the parents of an infant to prevent problems related to the oral cavity? 1 "Avoid feeding the infant milk immediately before putting the infant to bed." 2 "Avoid fluoride supplementation at age 6 months." 3 "Cleanse the infant's teeth and gums with a regular toothbrush and tap water." 4 "Use fluoridated toothpaste to clean the infant's teeth at age 5 months."

1 "Avoid feeding the infant milk immediately before putting the infant to bed."

Which instructions regarding dental care does the nurse provide to the parents of a preschool child? 1 "Avoid fluoride toothpaste for brushing." 2 "Perform flossing for the child regularly." 3 "Restrict the child from eating dried fruits." 4 "Check for abnormal eruptions of permanent teeth."

2 "Perform flossing for the child regularly."

Which safety instructions does the nurse include in the teaching for the parents of a 7-month-old infant who weighs 15 lb? Select all that apply. 1 "Place the infant in the front seat of a vehicle." 2 "Use sunscreen when the infant is exposed to the sun." 3 "Place the infant in the supine position while sleeping." 4 "Maintain the immunization schedule as recommended." 5 "Use a federally approved infant car seat and seat belts."

3 "Place the infant in the supine position while sleeping." 4 "Maintain the immunization schedule as recommended." 5 "Use a federally approved infant car seat and seat belts."

Which effect caused by honey provides the rationale for a nurse instructing parents to avoid using it during the first year of an infant's development? 1 Cavities 2 Obesity 3 Botulism 4 Malocclusion

3 Botulism

Which vaccination is recommended for teenage girls? 1 Pertussis 2 Tetanus 3 Cervarix 4 Hepatitis B

3 Cervarix

The nurse learns that a child is inactive and has poor hand-eye coordination. Which activity would help the child to improve hand-eye coordination? 1 Watching television 2 Having a properly planned diet 3 Playing video games for a limited period 4 Having more interactions with friends at school

3 Playing video games for a limited period

A nurse is listening to a child talk about favorite television shows. The nurse knows that children who view violent television shows are likely to do what? Select all that apply. 1 Make friends 2 Do well in school 3 Participate in sports 4 Experience nightmares 5 Have obsessive thoughts 6 Participate in or start fights

4 Experience nightmares 5 Have obsessive thoughts 6 Participate in or start fights

Which is the most common cause of death among children younger than 1 year of age? 1 Crib death 2 Child abuse by caregiver 3 Head injury from an accidental fall 4 Asphyxiation caused by aspiration of foreign materials

4 Asphyxiation caused by aspiration of foreign materials

The nurse is planning a teaching session for parents regarding safety precautions for children. Which instructions should be included in the session? Select all that apply. 1 "Apply sunscreen when the child is exposed to the sun." 2 "Encourage safe use and maintenance of bicycles." 3 "Keep all potentially toxic agents out of the reach of children." 4 "Supervise the children at playgrounds and select safe play areas." 5 "Arrange for competent driver education, and encourage judicious use of a vehicle."

1 "Apply sunscreen when the child is exposed to the sun." 3 "Keep all potentially toxic agents out of the reach of children." 4 "Supervise the children at playgrounds and select safe play areas."

The nurse is teaching parents about caring for their 2-year-old child. Which instructions would be included in the teaching? Select all that apply. 1 "Practice good hygiene measures." 2 "Include honey in the child's diet." 3 "Include whole grains and dairy products in the diet." 4 "Use a federally approved car seat and seat belts for the child." 5 "Include proteins and fat-free dairy products in the diet."

1 "Practice good hygiene measures." 3 "Include whole grains and dairy products in the diet." 4 "Use a federally approved car seat and seat belts for the child."

Which information about child restraints and seat belts should the nurse share with parents? Select all that apply. 1 It is appropriate to place the booster seat in the car's front seat. 2 Use only infant car seats designed according to federal guidelines. 3 Infants, birthweight to 20 lb: rear-facing safety seats secured in the rear seat. 4 Toddlers, 20 to 40 lb: front-facing safety seats secured in the front seat. 5 Children, greater than 40 lb: secured in booster seat with lap and shoulder belts

2 Use only infant car seats designed according to federal guidelines. 3 Infants, birthweight to 20 lb: rear-facing safety seats secured in the rear seat. 5 Children, greater than 40 lb: secured in booster seat with lap and shoulder belts

The parents of a 1-year-old child are concerned because he places "everything" in his mouth. The nurse informs the parents that aspiration of foreign bodies can lead to asphyxiation. Which statements are true? Select all that apply. 1 All toys should be checked for loose objects before use to prevent choking. 2 Objects that can be aspirated are coins, beads, buttons, balloons, small toys, or toy parts. 3 Monitor the nipples on bottles and pacifiers. Replace the nipples if they become worn or detached. 4 Common foods that can be dangerous are round in shape, such as grapes, hard candy, nuts, popcorn, and hot dogs. 5 Children older than age 3 years are at greatest risk for aspiration of foreign bodies because hand-to-mouth activities are common at this age.

1 All toys should be checked for loose objects before use to prevent choking. 2 Objects that can be aspirated are coins, beads, buttons, balloons, small toys, or toy parts. 3 Monitor the nipples on bottles and pacifiers. Replace the nipples if they become worn or detached. 4 Common foods that can be dangerous are round in shape, such as grapes, hard candy, nuts, popcorn, and hot dogs.

Which nursing interventions should be performed to prevent the risk of poisoning in children? Select all that apply. 1 Counsel parents to store medicines with childproof caps. 2 Advise parents to store harmful chemicals in unlabeled bottles away from children's reach. 3 Instruct parents to keep household cleaning solutions on the lowermost shelf of the cabinet. 4 Teach parents to store harmful substances out of reach of children in a locked cabinet. 5 Educate parents to contact the poison control center immediately if ingestion is suspected.

1 Counsel parents to store medicines with childproof caps. 4 Teach parents to store harmful substances out of reach of children in a locked cabinet. 5 Educate parents to contact the poison control center immediately if ingestion is suspected.

The nurse would instruct parents of a 4-month-old to clean the infant's teeth with which tools? 1 Damp washcloth and water 2 Toothbrush and plain water 3 Toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste 4 Dry cloth and soft-bristled toothbrush

1 Damp washcloth and water

A nurse is caring for a pediatric patient whose parents do not speak English. Which barriers, in addition to language issues, might this family face in accessing proper health care? Select all that apply. 1 Discrimination 2 Cultural differences 3 Spiritual differences 4 Concerns about confidentiality 5 Distance from health care facility 6 Lack of adequate nursing care providers

1 Discrimination 2 Cultural differences 3 Spiritual differences 4 Concerns about confidentiality

The nurse is repeating safety rules to be followed by an adolescent to prevent road accidents. Which points should the nurse emphasize? Select all that apply. 1 Emphasize safe pedestrian behavior. 2 Instruct the adolescent to avoid drag racing and to wear kneepads. 3 Discourage the use of drugs or alcohol. 4 Encourage parental supervision when on roads. 5 Suggest that the adolescent sit in a booster seat.

1 Emphasize safe pedestrian behavior. 2 Instruct the adolescent to avoid drag racing and to wear kneepads. 3 Discourage the use of drugs or alcohol.

The nurse is caring for a child who is obese. The nurse discovers that the child's cholesterol level is high. Which suggestion would the nurse provide to the parents to help decrease the child's cholesterol levels? 1 Encourage regular physical exercise. 2 Include diet soda in regular meals. 3 Avoid giving the child frequent, small meals. 4 Avoid giving the child fiber-containing foods.

1 Encourage regular physical exercise.

An adolescent informs the nurse about using tanning machines. The nurse advises the adolescent to avoid using tanning machines because this practice can have long-term adverse effects. Which adverse effect is the nurse trying to prevent in the adolescent? 1 Increased risk of skin cancer 2 Increased risk of skin infections 3 Impaired circulation to the skin 4 Decreased sensation in the skin

1 Increased risk of skin cancer

A parent expresses concern about video games for children. The nurse responds by stating that supporters believe video games improve which developmental skill in children? 1 Inductive reasoning 2 Performance in school 3 Eye-brain coordination 4 Communication with parents

1 Inductive reasoning

When providing education to the mother of a 2-year-old, the nurse will describe the risk factors for burns for the child. Based on the risk factors, which statements regarding burns are correct? Select all that apply. 1 Most of them occur at home. 2 Usually they are caused by scalding. 3 They are usually the result of a flame. 4 Most of them are usually accidental. 5 They are usually the result of chemicals.

1 Most of them occur at home. 2 Usually they are caused by scalding. 4 Most of them are usually accidental.

Nurses can promote physical activity in the pediatric population by helping to educate which groups? Select all that apply. 1 Parents 2 Teachers 3 Gym instructors 4 Day care providers 5 School administrators 6 Health care providers

1 Parents 2 Teachers 4 Day care providers 5 School administrators

The nurse is evaluating the interventions performed for a child whose body mass index (BMI) was recorded as being in the 98th percentile. An increase in which activity by the child indicates that the nursing interventions are effective? 1 Physical activity 2 Consumption of fast food 3 Consumption of milk products consumption 4 Interaction with family members

1 Physical activity

A nurse is teaching a health class about healthy food choices. The nurse tells the class the highest-calorie source for children ages 2 to 17 years is what? Select all that apply. 1 Pizza 2 Cheese 3 Ice cream 4 Yeast bread 5 Chocolate bar 6 Grain-based dessert

1 Pizza 4 Yeast bread 6 Grain-based dessert

The nurse working with pediatric patients knows which are the most prevalent mental health issues in this population? Select all that apply. 1 Suicide 2 Stealing 3 Depression 4 Eating disorders 5 Substance abuse 6 Fighting with siblings

1 Suicide 3 Depression 4 Eating disorders 5 Substance abuse

The nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about responsible sexual behavior. Which changes would the nurse expect to see in the behavior of adolescents if they follow the teaching? 1 The adolescents use condoms to avoid unintended pregnancy. 2 The adolescents opt for an abortion in case of unintended pregnancy. 3 The adolescents are vaccinated for human papillomavirus (HPV) before becoming sexually active. 4 The adolescents read appropriate sex education content to increase awareness.

1 The adolescents use condoms to avoid unintended pregnancy.

The nurse is teaching some parents about safety precautions to prevent accidental burns and injuries in children. Which instructions would help the parents provide a safe environment for their children? Select all that apply. 1 "Set the hot water heater temperature to 60°C." 2 "Use and maintain smoke detectors in the home." 3 "Use plastic caps to cover electrical outlets in the home." 4 "Keep electrical wires hidden and out of the reach of children." 5 "Use guards around fireplaces, space heaters, and other heating sources."

2 "Use and maintain smoke detectors in the home." 3 "Use plastic caps to cover electrical outlets in the home." 4 "Keep electrical wires hidden and out of the reach of children." 5 "Use guards around fireplaces, space heaters, and other heating sources."

A child is addicted to watching violent shows on television, and this has resulted in negative behavior in the child. Which instruction would the nurse provide to the parents to encourage positive behavior in the child? 1 Engage the child in doing homework. 2 Allow the child to play nonviolent video games. 3 Allow watching television for shorter durations. 4 Educate the child about the programs that can be watched.

2 Allow the child to play nonviolent video games.

How can parents and teachers safeguard children by limiting the amount of time they are allowed to watch television, play video games, or be online? 1 Limit use of social media to only one site. 2 Increase access to educational alternatives. 3 Watch the same television program with their children. 4 Place a clock on top of the television, and set the alarm for an agreed-on time.

2 Increase access to educational alternatives.

A child's body mass index (BMI) is found to be in the 90th percentile. How does the nurse describe the child's weight in the electronic medical record based on this information? 1 Obese 2 Overweight 3 Ideal weight 4 Extremely obese

2 Overweight

Along with assessing for any mental health disorders, which additional assessment would the pediatric nurse make when trying to prevent deaths by homicide in the pediatric population? 1 Arguments with siblings 2 Potential violent behavior 3 Parents' history of larcenies 4 Number of hours in a day spent watching television

2 Potential violent behavior

What does the nurse teach the parents of an infant who weighs 18 lb about the use of a car seat? 1 The infant should be secured in a booster seat with a lap belt. 2 The infant should be seated in the rear seat of the vehicle. 3 The infant should be secured in a booster seat with lap and shoulder belts. 4 The infant should be secured in the front-facing safety seat in the rear seat.

2 The infant should be seated in the rear seat of the vehicle.

Which statement regarding nutrition in children is true? 1 Fat restriction is an appropriate intervention for toddlers who are overweight. 2 The most important tool for children who are overweight and obese is education. 3 Cigarette smoking is prevalent among 55% of senior high school students. 4 Environmental tobacco smoke does not result in increased risk of heart and lung disease among children.

2 The most important tool for children who are overweight and obese is education.

Which instruction regarding safety restraints does the nurse give to the parents of a child who weighs 50 lb? 1 "Keep the child on the driver's lap and secured with seat belt." 2 "Keep the child in a rear-facing safety seat that is secured to the rear seat." 3 "Keep the child in a front-facing safety seat that is secured to the rear seat." 4 "Keep the child in a booster seat and secured with lap and shoulder belts."

4 "Keep the child in a booster seat and secured with lap and shoulder belts."

Which information about child restraints and seat belts should the nurse share with parents? Select all that apply. 1 It is appropriate to place the booster seat in the car's front seat. 2 Use only infant car seats designed according to federal guidelines. 3 Infants, birthweight to 20 lb: rear-facing safety seats secured in the rear seat. 4 Toddlers, 20 to 40 lb: front-facing safety seats secured in the front seat. 5 Children, greater than 40 lb: secured in booster seat with lap and shoulder belts.

2 Use only infant car seats designed according to federal guidelines. 3 Infants, birthweight to 20 lb: rear-facing safety seats secured in the rear seat. 5 Children, greater than 40 lb: secured in booster seat with lap and shoulder belts.

A nurse is encouraging a child to adopt a more active life style. How much physical activity should the nurse recommend the child get each day, according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans? 1 2 hours 2 3 hours 3 60 minutes 4 90 minutes

3 60 minutes

A nurse is performing a physical assessment on an 18-month-old child. Which finding suggests that the parents need more counseling and early childhood education? 1 Bruises on knees 2 Child wants to sit with the mother 3 Beginning of some dental caries 4 Body mass index (BMI) in the 45th percentile

3 Beginning of some dental caries

A licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) is assisting at a community health fair in the immunization booth and needs to be prepared to answer parents' questions regarding immunizations. Which statement is accurate? 1 If a child falls behind in the immunization schedule, immunizations must be restarted. 2 Immunization is effective, and no booster dose is needed to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. 3 Following the recommended immunization schedule will protect children against 10 childhood diseases by age 2 years. 4 Immunizations have eradicated 10 childhood diseases and may not even be necessary in the future because of advances in medical research.

3 Following the recommended immunization schedule will protect children against 10 childhood diseases by age 2 years.

A community health nurse is reviewing an environmental data report. Exposure to which environmental quality issues is the nurse most concerned about with regard to their effects on children and adolescents? Select all that apply. 1 Smog 2 Campfires 3 Ozone (outdoor standards) 4 Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) 5 Oil-based stain (for infants and children) 6 Lead-based paint (for infants and children)

3 Ozone (outdoor standards) 4 Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) 6 Lead-based paint (for infants and children)

A patient is getting ready to go home with her newborn son. The nurse is doing discharge teaching regarding the use of an infant car seat. Which statement by the patient would indicate the patient's understanding? 1 "The car seat should be secured in the front seat between the parents." 2 "There are no laws governing the use of infant car seats. It is just standard practice." 3 The car seat should be secured in the back seat, rear facing until the infant reaches 20 pounds." 4 "Short trips from home do not require the infant to be placed in the car seat as long as the parents hold him securely."

3 The car seat should be secured in the back seat, rear facing until the infant reaches 20 pounds."

After the dental checkup of a 9-year-old child, the health care provider advises the child to reduce the intake of sugary foods. Which rationale supports this advice? 1 To prevent malocclusions 2 To improve eruption of permanent teeth 3 To prevent tooth decay or dental caries 4 To avoid interaction with fluoride of tooth paste

3 To prevent tooth decay or dental caries

A 12-year-old tearfully informs the school nurse that she does not "fit in." Which intervention would be most appropriate? 1 Offer suggestions on how to fit in with her peers. 2 Use effective listening techniques to gain further information so you can report to the parents. 3 Immediately make a referral to a mental health professional because the girl is depressed and suicidal. 4 Be aware that these feelings are common in adolescents and place the girl at risk for substance abuse, depression, and eating disorders.

4 Be aware that these feelings are common in adolescents and place the girl at risk for substance abuse, depression, and eating disorders.

The nurse is instructing parents regarding dental care of their school-age child, who has abnormal eruption of teeth. What should the nurse include in the teaching? 1 Encourage the use of a soft-bristled toothbrush. 2 Encourage parental assistance while brushing. 3 Have the parents consult the dentist for orthodontic appliances. 4 Have the child screened for malocclusion problems.

4 Have the child screened for malocclusion problems.

A nurse is educating parents about the importance of physical activity for children. The nurse states that decreased activity places a child at risk of what? 1 Lack of close friends and increased risk of obesity 2 Limited reading skills and poor performance in school 3 Avoidance of regular checkups with the health care provider 4 Increased risk of high body mass and increased risk of obesity

4 Increased risk of high body mass and increased risk of obesity

The nurse warns parents not to place an infant in the side-lying position while sleeping. This intervention assists in reducing which risk? 1 Asphyxiation 2 Disturbed sleep 3 Falling during sleep 4 Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

4 Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

What should the nurse say to the parents of a child who is overweight? 1 The nurse should instruct the parent to limit the child's caloric intake. 2 The nurse should inform the parent that their child is well nourished. 3 The nurse should suggest that the parent have the child fast to lose weight. 4 The nurse should emphasize the importance of physical activity for the child.

4 The nurse should emphasize the importance of physical activity for the child.