Ch. 4 Anatomy Final review

Which of the following is not a feature of the Stratum spinosum?

Keratinocytes in this layer are held together by adherens junctions, a type of cell-cell interaction

Compare the function of Meissner's corpuscles to lamellated corpuscles.

Meissner's corpuscles detect light touch, lamellate corpuscles detect deep pressure.

What is the importance of melanin in the integumentary system?

Melanin provides protection against the damaging effects of UV radiation.

Which sweat gland is most common and produces a watery perspiration?

Merocrine

Hypothesize how a decrease in the number of free nerve endings in the skin would affect people.

People would be less sensitive to pain felt through the skin.

You are watching a documentary on a group of explorers in the Sahara desert, and note that despite the hot and dry conditions, the explorers have not dried up to a crisp. Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for this?

Stratum corneum

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between stratum corneum and stratum basale.

The stratum basalt has dividing cells, the stratum corneum does not.

Which statement best describes the difference between thick and thin skin.

The stratum lucidum is only found in thick skin.

Why do keratinocytes die once they reach the top of the epidermis?

They are cut off from the nutrients

Choose which statement is TRUE.

Thick skin is found on the palmar and plantar areas.

Which statement best demonstrates the effect of a loss of keratin on the epidermis.

Without keratin, the epidermis would be less resistant to friction and abrasion.

Fibroblasts

are able to produce collagen and elastic fibers

Medulla

center of the hair shaft

Papilla

connective tissue

Bed

contains a capillary network

Matrix definition

contains nerves and lymphatics

List the layers of the integumentary system, from the outermost to the innermost.

corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

Which of the following would best substitute the loss of sebaceous glands in the skin?

covering the skin with an oil based lotion

I anticipate that a decrease in skin production of sebum would lead to ______________.

drier skin

Stretch marks are the result of ________ tearing due to pregnancy or extreme weight gain.

elastic fibers

Athlete's Foot is caused by an interesting fungus that thrives on dead body tissue. This includes the following tissues in the integumentary system EXCEPT the: (which of these is not on the skin surface or in the epidermis)

hair papilla

Plate

hard keratin

Adipocytes reside in the:

hypodermis

Ricky just completed a 2-hour cardio session at the gym. To cool the body down after an intensive workout, his body:

increases sudoriferous eccrine gland activity

You look under the microscope and note that the tissue appears clear. Based on this observation, you suspect you are looking at the ________ layer of the epidermis.

lucidum

Cortex

makes up majority of the shaft

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer manifesting as asymmetrical brown or black irregular patches on the skin. These are caused by the uncontrolled cell growth of these pigment-producing cells:

melanocytes

What is found in the stratified squamous epithelia of the epidermis?

multiple layers of rounded and flat cells

Phoebe likes to get manicures once a month. Each time, she gets her nails trimmed, filed, and painted with nail polish. Which part of the nail does this affect?

nail plate

Matrix

produces cells that make up the hair shaft

Cuticle

scaly in appearance under microscope

Acne commonly arises during puberty for many teenagers, due to increased ________ production. This, in turn, makes the skin more oily and can block hair follicles, which potentially become infected.

sebum

Eponychium

small fold of skin

Lunula

small white half-moon structure at the base of the nail plate

Psoriasis is a skin condition in which new skin cells form at a much faster rate than the shedding of older dead skin cells, forming itchy and occasionally painful scaly patches of skin. Which layer is responsible for giving rise to new skin cells?

stratum basale

Which layer has an active role in defending the body against foreign pathogens?

the epidermis

Which of the following best describes the physiological function of the integumentary system?

thermal regulation

What is one role of nails in the integumentary system?

they protect the tips of fingers and toes.