CH 4&5 Review

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Hypoxia refers to the

the disruption of oxygen supply

The beginning of the acute inflammatory phase of healing involves processes which

Act to stop blood loss from the wound

The inflammatory phase of healing lasts 72 hours.

TRUE

The repair phase begins when the hematoma's size decreases enough to permit room for growth of new tissue

TRUE

The proliferative phase of healing includes which of the following processes?

angiogenisis, fibrous tissue formation, and wound contraction

During the acute inflammatory phase, heparin is released into the injured area, acting as an anticoagulant that results in increased swelling

FALSE

Hypoxia is defined as having a reduced concentration of oxygen.

TRUE

Mast cells are connective tissue cells that carry

heparin, histamine, and bradykinin

Vasodilatation is a narrowing of the blood vessels.

FALSE

A blister is an accumulation of fluid between the epidermis and the dermis.

TRUE

By their nature or cause, many secondary injuries could have been prevented.

TRUE

Movements of flexion and extension occur in the sagittal plane.

TRUE

The distribution of force over a given area is called

stress

Phagocytosis refers to

the ingestion of cellular debris and waste products

The tensile strength of a wound 3-4 weeks post-injury is approximately ___ % of normal.

25

Ecchymosis is a fluid with high protein content and cellular debris that forms in the area of injury.

FALSE

Tendons are equal in strength to their attached muscle.

FALSE

Which of the following is correct?

The wrist is distal to the elbow.

What two potential effects occur when a force acts on an object?

acceleration and deformation

When a structure is stronger in resisting force from certain directions than from others, it is said to be

anisotropic

Which of the following terms refers to a structure on both sides of the body or body part?

bilateral

Which of the following is a correctly matched pair of terms?

flexion - decreasing the angle of a joint

A contusion is an accumulation of blood between the layers of skin.

FALSE

Extensibility is the ability of a muscle to be stretched and to return to normal length after either lengthening or shortening.

FALSE

If tissues undergo abnormally high tensile stress before scar formation is complete, the newly forming tissue can be elongated and much stronger than the original tissue.

FALSE

The strength of scar tissue following injury is based primarily on the amount of collagen that has been laid down rather than the arrangement in which the collagen is laid down.

FALSE

Collagen is a non-elastic substance, but the arrangement of collagen fibers allows for a certain amount of elastic-type deformation.

TRUE

Neutrophils and macrophages are immature connective tissue cells released into the injured area by the exudate

TRUE

Tendons resist high, unidirectional tension loads from the attached muscle.

TRUE

The causative factor of an acute injury is a single force.

TRUE

The frontal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior halves.

TRUE

When a nerve is completely severed, healing does not occur and loss of function is typically permanent.

TRUE

Cells that are capable of generating collagen during the proliferative phase of healing are termed

fibroblasts

Which of the following are characteristics of scar tissue?

fibrous, inelastic, and nonvascular

Rubor, calor, tumor, dolor, and loss of function are all symptoms of

inflammation

What two factors determine whether an injury occurs when a force is sustained by tissues in the human body?

magnitude of forces and tissue's material properties

A force that acts parallel or tangent to a plane passing through the object is called a:

shear force

A pulling force that tends to stretch the object to which it is applied is called a(n)

tensile force

While stretching for an overthrown ball a first baseman strained an adductor muscle. What type of force would have produced this injury?

tensile force

The tissues affected by inflammation, edema, and hypoxia comprises:

the zone of secondary injury


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