Ch. 5 IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
Classful masks
A classful mask is the default subnet mask applied to Class A, B, and C IPv4 networks. Specifically, Class A networks have a classful mask of 255.0.0.0. Class B networks have a classful mask of 255.255.0.0, and Class C networks have a classful mask of 255.255.255.0.
Bootstrap Protocol(BOOTP)
A legacy broadcast-based protocol used by networked devices to obtain IP address information
link-local IP address
A link-local IP address is a nonroutable IP address usable only on a local subnet.
loopback
A loopback interface on a network device is a logical (virtual) interface that is often used for testing purposes
Extended Unique Identifier-64 (EUI-64)
A method in IPv6 to calculate a unique host address portion for a node.
dotted-decimal notation
A method of writing an IPv4 address or subnet mask, where groups of 8 bits (called octets) are separated by periods.
Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR) notation
A notation that is often used to represent an IP address and its subnet mask.
Zeroconf
A technology that performs three basic functions: assigning link-local IP addresses, resolving computer names to IP addresses, and locating network services.
Borrowed bits
Bits added to a classful subnet mask.
Default Gateway
The IP address of a router (or multilayer switch) to which a networked device sends traffic destined for a subnet other than the device's local subnet.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Version 6
The IPv6 version of DHCP
dual stack
The ability of a network interface to run multiple protocols, such as IP and IPv6.
Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)
--> Dynamically assigned by OS when DHCP server is unavailable and address not assigned manually --> Range of 169.254.x.x
neighbor discovery
-->Used to learn Layer 2 addresses on network
unicast
A unicast communication flow is a one-to-one flow.
variable-length subnet masking (VLSM)
Allows subnets of various sizes to be used --> Requires a routing protocol that supports it RIPv2, OSPF, IS-IS, EIGRP, and BGP --> Basically, it is subnetting subnets --> w/o VLSM, all subnets would have to be the same size
Multimask
Data travels from a single source device to all devices on destination network
Anycast
Designed to let one host initiate the efficient updating of router for a group of hosts
Subnet mask
In IPv4 addressing, a 32-bit number that, when combined with a device's IP address, indicates what kind of subnet the device belongs to.
tunneling
Transmitting traffic with additional encapsulation.
