Ch. 7 Quiz Questions

Needed to Make Enzymes & Hormones

After eating a meal, Charlie's pancreas secretes insulin to help shuttle the glucose into his cells.

Which of the following allergic reactions to foods is the most serious and requires immediate treatment?

Anaphylaxis

The amino acid profile of a protein in a food helps determine whether that food is a complete or incomplete protein. Which of the following contains incomplete protein?

A peanut butter and jelly sandwich on whole-wheat bread

The main goal of the Human Genome Project was to identify and describe the order of the approximately ______ genes that code for protein synthesis in human DNA.

23,000

Ciana is a healthy 25-year-old young woman who weighs 145 lbs. Using the RDA for protein, calculate Ciana's daily protein needs. Ciana should aim to consume _______ grams of protein daily.

53 ± 1

Petros, a 33-year-old male, wants to estimate his protein needs based on the AMDR. The Food and Nutrition Board recommends that 10-35% of calories come from protein. If Petros follows a 2300-kilocalorie diet, approximately how many grams of protein per day should he consume?

58-201 grams of protein per day

Needed to Make Body Components

A malnourished baby who does not eat enough protein will likely have incomplete or poor bone formation

Provides Energy

Bill has been drinking two whey protein shakes per day and he cannot understand why he is gaining weight and inches around his waist instead of increasing muscle mass.

Which of the following environmental factors may trigger celiac disease in genetically susceptible individuals? Check all that apply.

Consuming gluten-containing foods before three months of age, Experiencing severe emotional distress, Having a serious viral infection

In the liver, which chemical reactions are involved in the synthesis of nonessential amino acids? Check all that apply.

Deamination, Transamination

The only treatment for celiac disease is adherence to a gluten-free diet. Determine whether each food or ingredient is gluten-free or contains gluten.

Gluten- free : corn, quinoa , rice Gluten-containing: macaroni made from wheat flour , rye cracker, barley cereal

ALL amino acids contain which of the following elements? Check all that apply.

Hydrogen, oxygen, and Nitrogen

Contributes to Acid-Base Balance

Including moderate amounts of protein in the diet helps keep Manny's blood slightly basic and prevents it from getting too acidic.

An impoverished child living in a developing country is at risk of suffering from protein-energy malnutrition. If this child consumes insufficient dietary protein, what is the physiological consequence?

Insufficient protein intake inhibits the body's ability to make immune antibodies, some hormones, and enzymes.

Contributes to Immune Function

Larissa is a chronically malnourished toddler whose only energy source comes from starchy foods; she recently contracted measles

Maintains Fluid Balance

Louisa is a very elderly woman with malnutrition related to heart failure; lately she has been experiencing edema in her lower extremities.

For each of the following nutrients, indicate whether that nutrient tends to be consumed in greater or lesser amounts in a plant-based diet as compared to a typical American diet.

Nutrients that tend to be consumed in GREATER amounts in plant-based diets: fiber, potassium, vitamin C Nutrients that tend to be consumed in LESSER amounts in plant-based diets: Vitamin B-12, Iron, Saturated fatty acids

Which of the following health problems may develop as a result of untreated celiac disease and the resulting nutrient malabsorption? Check all that apply.

Osteoporosis, Anemia, Stunted growth, Dementia

All proteins contain nitrogen.

True

Dietary protein has to be denatured before your body can utilize it. Drag the potential way to denature protein into its appropriate classification.

Will Denature Protein: -Cooking a piece of meat - Beating an egg vigorously with an electric beater -Adding acid to a protein-contatining food Will Not Denature Protein: -Refrigerating a glass of milk - Exposing a piece of cheese to air (oxygen) -Soaking lentils in water

The child in this photo is malnourished. The child has developed _______, a condition characterized by both edema and wasting.

marasmic kwashiorkor

A _______ bond is a chemical attraction between the acid group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid to form a dipeptide.

peptide

In the United States, newborns are routinely screened for PKU. PKU is a disease characterized by the body's inability to metabolize the essential amino acid ________.

phenylalanine