Ch 8
If an organization temporarily borrows it's specialists from different functional areas to accomplish a common project, it is implementing what type of organization?
Matrix organization
The result of the increase in the rate of change in the business environment from causes such as natural disasters and global competition has been that companies must:
adapt to new technologies change more quickly than ever before
The line organization has direct lines of ___ that extend from the top manager to employees at the lowest level of the organization.
authority responsibility communication
Groups of employees from different departments who work together on a long-term basis are called:
cross-functional teams
Which of Fayol's principles states that a manager should treat employees and peers with respect and justice?
equity
An advantage of a ___ organization structure is that lower level employees have authority to respond more quickly to customer needs
flat
Remaining ______ is the key to an organization's success in changing times.
flexible
A firm that has a marketing department organized geographically and a production process organized by function has which type of departmental structure?
hybrid
According to Fayol's order principle, ______ and ______ should be placed and maintained in the proper location.
materials; people
Four organizational designs include: line, line and staff, ___, and cross-functional teams
matrix
Using communications technology and other means to link organizations and allow them to work together on common objectives is referred to as
networking
The current trend in organizations is to ______ the span of control
to expand
Centralized authority occurs when decision making is done ___
top level management
Line managers are those who have the authority to:
-Issue orders -Enforce discipline -adjust to changing conditions
Cross-functional self-manages teams are used in organizations to
Break down barriers between functional departments
When designing responsive organizations, what decisions do firms have to make?
Decide between centralization versus decentralization Decide the span of control Choose between tall or flat structures
Identify the four ways to structure an organization
Line-and-staff organizations Line organizations Cross-functional self-managed teams Matrix-style organizations
The present moment or the actual time in which an even takes place is called
Real time
Regardless of the size of the organization, the principles of organizing include:
Recognizing employee strengths dividing up the tasks to be done deciding what work needs to be done
An organization structure in which decision-making authority is maintained at the top level of management is called a ___ organization
centralized
Employees at all levels often resist _ because they are used to doing their jobs in ways they know
change
Less need for policy manuals, organization charts, and formal controls is a sign of shared values in a:
corporate culture that emphasizes service to others
Organizations reorganized to empower frontline workers so that they
could more efficiently and effectively serve customers
Important decisions to be made while designing an organization include:
degree of centralization, span of control, departmentalization
The method of producing large quantities of goods efficiently is:
mass production
According to ___ a company buys raw materials in bulk so that the average cost of goods goes down as the production levels increase
Economies or scale
The primo Cooke of organizational structure where one person is at the top and the other managers are ranked sequentially from the top down is called ___
Hierarchy
Fayol's ___ principle states that materials and people should be placed and maintained in the proper location within an organization
Order
A cross-functional team that includes customers, suppliers, and distributors is
going beyond organizational boundaries
Because of the evolving business environment, including more global competition, technological innovations, and changing customer expectations, what has become a critical management function?
learning how to manage change
A ___ structure, also called a project management structure, sets up teams from different departments, thereby creating two or more intersecting lines of authority
matrix
Using communications technology to link organizations and allow them to work together on common objectives is called
networking
A cross-functional team that is working on the development of a new prosthetic device for amputees should include
product designers amputees who will use it parts suppliers for medical devices
Organizations reorganize to empower frontline workers to
demonstrate appreciation and trust to frontline workers let them know they are valuable assets to the organization serve customers more efficiently and effectively
A system in which one person is at the top of the organization and there is a ranked or sequential ordering from the top down of managers who are responsible to that person is called a ___
hierarchy
Advantages of a positive corporate culture include
people who enjoy working together to be productive trust between employees emphasizing service to others, especially customers
When businesses evolved into larger organizations producing larger amounts of product more efficiently using mass production methods, it could be said that:
the bigger the plant, the more efficient production became
As organizations adopt empowerment, reduce the number of middle managers, and hire more talented and better educated lower-level employees the trend today is to ___ the span of control
to expand
Why is adapting to change one of the hardest challenges facing any manager?
Employees and managers are sometimes resistant to change.
___ organization structures respond to customer demands faster because it's lower-level employees have authority and responsibility for making decisions
Flat
When a company purchases raw materials in bulk, thus reducing the cost of production, it is called ___
economies of scale
Firms may use a combination of departmentalization techniques to create a ___ form of organization
hybrid
Those directly responsible for achieving the organization's production goals by issuing orders and enforcing discipline are ______ managers.
line
An organization that has direct two-way lines of responsibility, authority, and communication running from the top of the bottom of the organization, with all people reporting to only one supervisor is called
line organization
Fayol's equity principle states that a manager should treat employees and peers:
with respect and justice
