Ch 8 mgmt

The process of fitting the organization to its environment is referred to as the _______ approach to organizational structure.

contingency

Organizational design is concerned with which two activities?

creating structures of accountability and responsibility creating a structural design that will help an organization execute its strategies

A system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members is called organizational ______.

culture

The more subunits into which an organization breaks down, the more highly _____ it is.

differentiated

According to the competing values framework (CVF), organizational _____ varies along two dimensions.

effectiveness

Some businesses have created open-area workspaces where employees sit at desks that are side-by-side and no walls are between them. This is to foster collaboration among the staff. What aspect of culture change does this represent?

physical design

An organization's _____ can pay attention to, measure, and control a number of activities, processes,or outcomes in order to foster a certain culture.

leaders

An organization where authority is centralized, tasks and rules are clearly specified, and employees are closely supervised is called _____.

mechanistic

Top-down structure and rigid rules are characteristics of a(n) _____ organization.

mechanistic

In organizational culture, a story is a(n)

narrative based on true events which is repeated in order to emphasize a particular value.

The number of people reporting directly to a given manager refers to _____.

span of control

Which of the following represent learning-related tools that can be leveraged to change an organization's culture?

Which of the following represent learning-related tools that can be leveraged to change an organization's culture?

What are the two types of information that organization charts reveal about organizational structure?

Who specializes in what work Who reports to whom

Symbols in organizational culture represent

objects or actions that convey an organization's most important values to others.

A box-and-lines illustration showing the formal lines of authority and the organization's work specializations is called a(n) ______ chart.

organizational

The extent to which your personality and values match the climate and culture in an organization is referred to as _____.

person-organization fit

A _____ is a narrative about the company's history that is repeated by an organization's members in order to emphasize a particular value.

story

An organization comprised of many levels with narrow spans of managerial control is described as _____.

tall

Which of the following statements regarding the horizontal design are true?

this design is also called a team-based design workgroups are used to improve collaboration internal boundaries are broken down

The three types of organizational design are:

traditional open boundaries horizontal

One method of changing organizational culture is to provide structured _____ as an in-depth introduction to organizational values.

training

Common purpose, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein,

unifies members and helps everyone understand the organization's reason for being.

Mutual-benefit organization

voluntary collectives whose purpose is to advance members' interests

__________ refers to the rights inherent in a managerial position to make decisions, give orders, and utilize resources.

Authority

Which of the following are outcomes associated with various types of organizational culture?

Better financial performance in market and hierarchy cultures More positive work attitudes in clan cultures Higher market share in clan and market cultures More positive organizational outcomes in market cultures Higher customer satisfaction in clan and market cultures

A(n) _____ organization is a fluid, highly adaptive organization whose members are linked by information technology and collaborate on common tasks.

boundaryless

Rites and rituals, which are activities and _____ used to celebrate important organizational events or achievements, can be leveraged in the process of culture change.

ceremonies

_____ embed preferred culture by describing organizational philosophy, mission, vision, and values.

Formal statements

For-profit organization

Formed to make money by offering products or services

Nonprofit organization

Formed to offer services to clients rather than make money

According to Barnard's definition, which of the following examples represent organizations?

A crew of two people coordinating their activities on a commercial tuna fishing boat The BumbleBee or StarKist tuna companies with their thousands of employees

What is the most accurate description of person-organization fit?

A match between an individual's personality and values and those of the organization

Identify the three types of structures categorized as organizational designs with open boundaries.

Hollow Modular Virtual

Which of the following occurs in the horizontal organizational design?

Teams are used to improve collaboration and work.

Which two of the following are some of the strongest ways to embed organizational culture?

Rewards Status symbols

Which of these would be considered observable artifacts in an organization?

Decorations Awards Rituals

_____ is the tendency of the parts of an organization to disperse and fragment.

Differentiation

The horizontal dimension

Expresses the extent to which an organization focuses its attention and efforts inward on internal dynamics and employees versus outward toward its external environment and customers

The vertical dimension

Expresses the extent to which an organization prefers flexibility and discretion versus stability and control

Authority in organizations means _____ -- managers must report and justify work results to the managers above them and are responsible for performing assigned tasks.

accountability

Which of the following can leaders pay attention to, measure, and control in order to change the organization's culture?

activities processes outcomes

Personal ___________ is defined as the ability and willingness to adapt to changing situations

adaptability

Research shows that employees have more positive work attitudes in organizations with a(n) _____ culture.

clan

In the elements of organizations, ________ unifies employees or members and gives everyone an understanding of the organization's reason for being.

common purpose

The ________ approach to management emphasizes that a manager's approach should vary according to the individual and environmental situation.

contingency

Formal statements can help to change an organization's culture by

embedding the culture in various organizational materials such as the mission, vision, and values statements.

Organizations wishing to change their culture may alter their physical layout and design in order to:

encourage employee productivity send a strong message about the culture

An organization that wants to eliminate layers in favor of creating a culture where employees have more power should consider adopting a _____ organizational structure.

flattened

If an organization wishes to become more controlling and authoritative toward its employees, it should consider adopting a(n) _____ structure.

hierarchical

The readily apparent symbols and manifestations of an organization's culture are called its _____.

observable artifacts

A hospital is an example of a nonprofit organization because it is formed to _____.

offer services to clients

A(n) _____ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people.

organization

If an organization wishes to change its culture, managers can alter the types of _____ and status symbols they give out and to whom they give them.

rewards

Organizations can use _____, activities that celebrate important events or achievements for the organization, to change the organization's culture.

rites and rituals

Organizational culture:

significantly affects work outcomes at all levels of the organization is the social glue that binds members of the organization together represents beliefs and values shared among workers is passed on to new employees through socialization and mentoring helps employees understand why the organization does what it does

Which of the following represent traditional organizational designs?

simple matrix divisional functional

An organization that has authority centralized in a single person, as well as a flat hierarchy, few rules, and low work specialization, is using a _____.

simple structure

In terms of organizational culture, a _______ is an artifact, act, quality, or event that conveys an organization's most important values to others.

symbol