ch 9 antibiotics

A client has been prescribed INH for the treatment of tuberculosis. The nurse teaches the client about dietary restrictions while taking this medication. What is the most important instruction?

"Do not drink beer or red wine while taking this medication because a serious adverse reaction can occur."

A nurse is teaching a client about the medication regimen surrounding fluoroquinolones. Which statement made by the client would indicate the need for additional education?

"I will only drink enough water to swallow the drug."

A client is to receive rifampin. Which would be most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for this client?

"Your urine or sweat may become orange in color."

A young child has been brought to the clinic with signs and symptoms that are consistent with otitis externa. What assessment question should the nurse ask to address the etiology of this health problem?

"has your child been swimming a lot lately?"

A client is diagnosed with an infection attributable to the gram-negative microorganism Pseudomonas. Which anti-infective agent is most reliable in treating this microorganism?

Aminoglycoside

A client with a positive sputum culture for TB has been started on streptomycin antitubercular therapy. Upon review of the laboratory results, the nurse notes that the client may be experiencing toxicity if which of the following results is abnormal?

BUN and creatinine

A client previously experienced an anaphylactic reaction to penicillin G. Which medication should not be administered to this client due to the potential for cross-sensitivity?

Cefadroxil

A nurse is providing education to a client who is taking INH. The nurse is teaching the client to avoid which foods?

Cheese, dairy products, and bananas

What potential adverse reaction is most likely to develop during cefazolin therapy?

GI upset

What are nursing diagnoses that may be made during administration of antitubercular drugs? Select all that apply.

Imbalanced nutrition Acute pain Risk of ineffective therapeutic regimen management

Daptomycin belongs to the lipopeptide class of antibiotics that kills gram-positive bacteria. What is the mechanism of action for this antibiotic?

Inhibition of synthesis of bacterial proteins

What is the rationale for not administering tetracycline to children under the age of 8 years? The drug's effect on what best reflects the major reason for avoiding the use of tetracyclines in children under 8 years of age?

It will interfere with enamel development. teeth

When administering aminoglycosides, the nurse must be aware of which of the following adverse reactions?

Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity

Cephalosporins are structurally and chemically related to which classes of antibiotics?

Penicillins

prior to and following a transurethral prostatic resection (TUPR), a 73-year-old man has been scheduled to receive a total of five intravenous doses of cefazolin. Which of the following nursing diagnoses should the nurse associate with this antibiotic therapy?

Risk for Infection related to overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms

The nurse knows that pseudomembranous colitis is a superinfection of fluoroquinolones, especially when they are administered in high doses, because these medications have what effect in the body?

They disrupt the normal flora of the body.

A 10-year-old client is diagnosed with acute otitis media. What does the nurse anticipate the health care provider will prescribe?

amoxicillin

A client diagnosed with infective endocarditis would be most effectively treated with which medication?

ampicillin

A client is being treated for a urinary tract infection with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. What assessment should the nurse make prior to the administration of the medication?

assessing for renal insufficiency

The ability of bacteria to produce substances that inactivate or destroy the antibiotic is known as which of the following?

bacterial resistance

A client with TB is prescribed pyrazinamide. The nurse should assess and monitor for which of the following adverse reactions of pyrazinamide in the client?

diarrhea

A nurse is caring for a client daignosed with a serious gram-negative infection prescribed amikacin. Which action should the nurse prioritize while caring for this client?

do renal test daily

A client is allergic to penicillin and has been diagnosed with a genitourinary infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Which medication will most likely be administered?

erythromycin

After teaching a group of students about the indications for use for aminoglycosides, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which type of infection as a primary indication?

gram-neg

An 80-year-old client is diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection. What is a risk for the elderly population when being treated with INH?

hepatotoxicity

Penicillins and cephalosporins are used cautiously in neonates due to what factor?

immature kidney function

When discussing cephalosporins with the nursing class, the pharmacology instructor explains that this classification of drug is primarily excreted through which organ?

kidney

What is a contraindication to use of a fluoroquinolone?

lactation

The nurse recognizes that what drug classification increases the risk of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity when prescribed with gentamicin?

loop diuretics

A female client is being treated for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. She is allergic to penicillin and is being given azithromycin (Zithromax) in capsule form. The nurse will inform the client that she will need to take the capsule

on an empty stomach

When preparing to administer a fluoroquinolone, the nurse understands that the majority of drugs belonging to this class are administered by which route?

oral

What drug belongs to the group of carbapenems?

primaxin

When a client fails to improve appreciably after 4 weeks of treatment with first-line drugs, what adjuvant first-line antitubercular drug will be considered for inclusion in the existing medication regimen?

pyrazinamide

The nurse is teaching a client about his prescription for a macrolide antibiotic. What should the nurse teach the client to report?

recurring symptoms of infection

The nurse is preparing to administer amikacin to a client with a complicated Staphylococcus aureus infection. What assessment should the nurse prioritize?

renal function

A client in the critical care unit is receiving aminoglycosides for an infectious process. What does the nurse need to monitor?

renal function tests

A client asks why three medications are prescribed to treat his tuberculosis. The nurse informs the client of which reasons?

to prevent resistance

A client is receiving rifampin and isoniazid in combination for treatment of tuberculosis. What would the nurse need to monitor closely?

liver function studies

A client taking isoniazid is worried about the side effects/adverse reactions. The nurse tells the client that a common adverse reaction of isoniazid is which of the following?

jaundice

A young adult client's acne has responded well to treatment with tetracycline. However, the client has now returned to the clinic 6 weeks later with signs and symptoms of oral candidiasis. The nurse should recognize that this client's current health problem is likely attributable to which occurrence?

Superinfection following the eradication of normal oral flora