CH 9 MC

20) The brain area that has a cortex is the A) cerebrum. B) cerebellum. C) medulla oblongata. D) A and B E) A and C

A and B

4) The brain region that is identifiable by its folds and grooves is the A) cerebellum. B) cerebrum. C) medulla oblongata. D) A and B E) B and C

A and B

32) The brain area acknowledged as the center for emotions is the A) amygdala. B) hypothalamus. C) suprachiasmatic nucleus. D) pons. E) cerebellum

Amygdala

75) Experimental animals become tamer and more sexually active following damage to the A) amygdala. B) hippocampus. C) suprachiamatic nucleus. D) hypothalamus. E) corpus callosum.

Amygdala

34) The inability to remember newly acquired information is called A) discombobulation. B) anterograde amnesia. C) short-term amnesia. D) implicit amnesia. E) retrograde amnesia.

Anterograde amnesia

77) When a puppy is scolded "No!" each time he chews on your ficus tree, eventually he learns to leave the tree alone. This type of learning is called A) associative. B) nonassociative. C) habituation. D) sensitization.

Associative

23) Which functions in the control of movement? A) hippocampus B) amygdala C) basal nuclei D) A and B E) All of the above function in the control of movement.

Basal nuclei

21) Which is a system that influences motor output, according to Larry Swanson? A) emotional state B) reflexive C) behavioral state D) emergent E) diffuse modulatory

Behavioral state

16) Which is NOT housed in the medulla oblongata? A) centers for blood pressure control B) centers for control of vomiting C) centers for control of eye movement D) centers for control of breathing E) the pyramids, where tracts cross to the opposite side of the body

Centers for control of eye movement

38) Reflexive memories are stored in areas of the A) frontal lobe. B) parietal lobe. C) temporal lobe. D) occipital lobe. E) cerebellum.

Cerebellum

24) Reasoning arises in the outer layer of neurons of the A) amygdala. B) basal nuclei. C) hippocampus. D) cerebral cortex. E) A and C

Cerebral cortex

9) Which of these does NOT contribute significantly to the protection of the brain? A) cranium B) subarachnoid space C) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) D) dura mater E) cerebral space

Cerebral space

10) Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by the A) choroid plexus. B) arachnoid villi. C) frontal sinuses. D) pia mater. E) ventricles.

Choroid plexus

26) Language and verbal skills tend to be __________ side of the brain of right-handed people. A) concentrated on the left B) concentrated on the right C) equally distributed between left and right D) randomly located with respect to left or right

Concentrated on the left

19) The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres is the A) basal nuclei. B) suprachiasmatic nucleus. C) corpus callosum. D) hippocampus. E) gray "H."

Corpus Callosum

13) Cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in A) propriospinal tracts. B) ventral root ganglia. C) ventral horns. D) dorsal horns. E) dorsal root ganglia.

Dorsal root ganglia

31) The hormone that is released to enhance the fight-or-flight response is A) thyroid hormone. B) prolactin. C) oxytocin. D) epinephrine. E) antidiuretic hormone.

Epinephrine

36) Enhancement of the postsynaptic cell's response to a repeated stimulus is called A) training. B) learning. C) reflexation. D) facilitation. E) consolidation.

Facilitation

12) The brain consumes about half of the __________ circulating in the body. A) oxygen B) glucose C) sodium D) potassium E) fatty acids

Glucose

35) Which of these has a higher concentration in cerebrospinal fluid than in the blood? A) K+ B) H+ C) Ca2+ D) E) Na+

H+

8) The pons develops from the A) forebrain. B) midbrain. C) hindbrain.

Hindbrain

33) An important structure in both learning and memory is the A) cerebellum. B) pons. C) medulla. D) hippocampus. E) hypothalamus.

Hippocampus

30) Symptoms of the fight-or-flight response include all of these EXCEPT A) hunger. B) pounding heart. C) sweating palms. D) increased blood pressure. E) pupillary dilation.

Hunger

29) Which brain area is considered to be the integrating center for homeostasis? A) hypothalamus B) thalamus C) pituitary gland D) brain stem E) medulla

Hypothalamus

28) Substances that have been isolated from the blood and have been shown to induce sleep have also been linked to the __________ system. A) urinary B) respiratory C) reproductive D) integumentary E) immune

Immune

74) Caffeine and related stimulants exert their effects by A) mimicking a specific neurotransmitter. B) inhibiting a specific neurotransmitter. C) mimicking a specific neuromodulator. D) inhibiting a specific neuromodulator

Inhibiting a specific neuromodulator

18) Which statement regarding the hypothalamus is FALSE? A) Hypothalamic trophic factors control the release of anterior pituitary hormones. B) It receives input from multiple sources. C) It receives sensory fibers from the optic tract, ears, and spinal cord. D) The hypothalamus contains various centers for behavioral drives such as hunger and thirst.

It receives sensory fibers from the optic tract, ears, and spinal cord

1) The first multicellular animals to develop neurons were A) jellyfish and sea anemones. B) flatworms and sea urchins. C) segmented worms and sea horses. D) mollusks and sea stars. E) fish and sea monkeys.

Jellyfish and sea anemones

22) The most primitive region of the cerebrum is probably the A) limbic system. B) basal nuclei. C) corpus callosum. D) reticular system. E) pons.

Limbic system

71) Some types of antihistamines make one sleepy, others do not. This difference is partly attributed to a difference in A) lipid solubility. B) the type of receptor involved. C) ATP-dependence of drug transport. D) whether or not the drug mimics the hormone melatonin.

Lipid Solubility

40) An enhancement of the postsynaptic cell's response to a constant stimulus that lasts for a period of time from hours to weeks is called A) training. B) consolidation. C) long-term potentiation. D) synchronicity. E) synaptic plasticity.

Long-term potentation

15) The brainstem consists of these structures. A) medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain B) medulla oblongata, cerebellum, and pons C) pons, midbrain, and cerebellum D) pons, midbrain, and thalamus E) medulla oblongata, pons, and thalamus

Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain

72) Paralysis is the inability to A) move voluntarily. B) move at all. C) feel. D) A and C E) B and C

Move voluntarily

2) The most primitive nervous systems consist of structures known as nerve A) tracts. B) nets. C) webs. D) cords. E) mazes.

Nets

7) The peripheral nervous system develops from the A) neural plate. B) neural tube. C) neural crest.

Neural crest

6) The earliest discrete embryonic structure from which the entire nervous system eventually develops is the A) ventricle. B) neural tube. C) neural plate. D) ependyma. E) neural crest.

Neural plate

25) The brain's interpretation of sensory stimuli is called A) proprioception. B) perception. C) cognition. D) lateralization. E) emotion.

Perception

17) Which of these roles is NOT related to the reticular formation? A) arousal and sleep B) muscle tone and stretch reflexes C) pain modulation D) blood pressure regulation E) regulation of the menstrual cycle

Regulation of menstrual cycle

73) General anesthetics keep surgical patients unconscious by reducing activity in the A) hippocampus. B) corpus callosum. C) lateral ventricles. D) reticular formation. E) medullary pyramids.

Reticular Formation

5) Which of these have the most advanced nervous system? A) flatworms B) segmented worms C) jellyfish D) sea anemones

Segmented worms

76) You used to love to drink milk when you were a child. Lately, you notice that your stomach hurts and you experience bloating and discomfort when you drink it. It is no longer inviting when you see someone else drinking it. What kind of learning has occurred? A) associative B) nonassociative C) habituation D) sensitization

Sensitization

39) Collections of neurons known as diffuse modulatory systems have been shown to influence all of the following EXCEPT A) attention - motivation. B) wakefulness and memory. C) motor control. D) sexual drive and potency. E) metabolic homeostasis.

Sexual drive and potency

27) The internal clock of mammals appears to be located in the A) suprachiasmatic nucleus. B) pituitary gland. C) choroid plexus. D) pons. E) brain stem.

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

37) Declarative memories are stored in cortical areas of the __________ lobes. A) frontal B) parietal C) temporal D) amygdala E) cerebellar

Temporal

14) The mixed cranial nerve that projects to and from internal organs, muscles, and glands is the __________ nerve. A) trochlear B) spinal accessory C) trigeminal D) vagus E) glossopharyngeal

Vagus

3) Simple reflexes in a worm are integrated within a segment rather than in the brain, because A) worms do not have brains. B) worms do not have a nervous system. C) worms have a ganglion at each segment. D) worms have a neural network within each segment.

Worms have a ganglion at each segment

11) The brain has a __________ (high or low?) demand for oxygen, and receives about __________% of the total blood volume in circulation. A) high; 35 B) low; 35 C) low; 15 D) high; 15 E) high; 50

high; 15