CH. 9 Operating Systems

Desktop Operating Systems

1. A DESKTOP OPERATING SYSTEM is a complete operating system that works on desktops, laptops, and some tablets (Windows, Mac OS, UNIX, Linux, Chrome OS 2. Windows 8 offers these features: start screen interface with tiles; includes the desktop interface; support for input via touch, mouse, and keyboard; email app, calendar app, and browser included; photos, files, and settings you can sync with SkyDrive; enhanced security through an antivirus program, firewall, and automatic updates; windows store offers additional applications for purchase. 3. The Macintosh operating system has earned a reputation for its ease of use - Latest version is OS X. 4. UNIX is a multitasking operating system developed in the early 1970s. 5. Linux is a popular, multitasking UNIX-based operating system. 6. Chrome OS is a Linux-based operating system designed to work primarily with web apps.

Operating System Functions

1. A USER INTERFACE (UI) controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen. 2. With a GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI), you interact with menus and visual images. 3. In a COMMAND-LINE INTERFACE, a user types commands represented by short keywords or abbreviations or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions. 4. How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity: single tasking and multitasking; foreground and background; and single user and multiuser. 5. MEMORY MANAGEMENT optimizes the use of the computer or device's internal memory. 6. VIRTUAL MEMORY is a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM. 7. The operating system determines the order in which tasks are performed. 8. A DRIVER is a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device. 9. PLUG AND PLAY automatically configures new devices as you install them. 10. Operating systems typically provide a means to establish Internet connections. 11. A PERFORMANCE MONITOR is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices. 12. Operating systems often provide users with a variety of tools related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs (file manager; search; image viewer; uninstaller; disk cleanup; disk defragmenter; screen saver; file compression; PC maintenance; and backup and restore). 13. AUTOMATIC UPDATE automatically provides new features or corrections to the program. 14. Some operating systems are designed to work with a server on a network. 15. These multiuser operating systems allow multiple users to share a printer, Internet access, files, and programs. 16. A NETWORK ADMINISTRATOR uses the server operating system to: 1.) add and remove users, computers, and other devices. 2.) configure the network, install software and administer network security. 17. A USER ACCOUNT enable a use to sign in to, or access resources on, a network or computer - 1.) A USER NAME, or USER IF, identifies a specific users 2.) A PASSWORD is a private combination of characters associated with the user name.

Operating Systems

1. An OPERATING SYSTEM (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer and mobile device hardware (Start and shut down a computer/mobile device; provide a user interface; manage programs; manage memory; coordinate tasks; configure devices; establish an internet connection' monitor performance; provide file management and other device or media-related tasks; updating operating system software; control a network; and administer security). 2. Starting computers and mobile devices - if a computer or mobile device is OFF, you press a power button to turn it on. 3. An OPERATING SYSTEM includes various power options: 1.) sleep mode saves any open documents running programs or apps to memory, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state. 2.) Hibernate saves any open documents and running programs or apps to an internal hard drive before removing power from the computer or device.

Types of Operating Systems

1. Desktop: Windows, OS X, UNIX, Linux, Chrome OS 2. Server: Windows Server, Mac OS X Server, UNIX, Linux 3. Mobile: Google Android, Apple iOS, Windows Phone

Mobile Operating Systems

1. The operating system on mobile devices and many consumer electronics is called MOBILE OPERATING SYSTEM and resides on firmware (Android, iOS, Windows Phone). 2. ANDROID is an open source, Linux-based mobile operating system designed by Google for smartphones and tablets. 3. iOS, developed by Apple, is a proprietary mobile operating system specifically made for Apple's mobile devices. 4. Windows Phone, developed by Microsoft, is a proprietary mobile operating system that run on some smartphones.

Server Operating Systems

Windows Server, OS X Server, UNIX, and Linux