Ch1 , ch. 25, ch.24, ch.23, ch. 22, ch. 21, ch. 20, ch. 19, ch. 18, ch. 17, ch. 16, ch 15, Midterm Q's, ch. 14, ch. 13, ch12, ch11, ch 10, ch 9, ch 8, ch 7, ch 6, ch 5, ch 4, ch 3, top 50 drugs, ch 2
medical uses for drugs
1. preventive use: drugs used to prevent diseases. Administration of a preventive drug is known as prophylaxis. Prophylaxis is from Greek word meaning to keep guard before. 2. Diagnostic: to diagnose disease 3. therapeutic use: used to control, improve, or cure symptoms
Basic life support measures ________. Question 9 options: A) involve mechanically inflating the lungs with air B) are known as cardiac resuscitation C) involve mechanically circulating the blood D) all of the above
D
A 0.9 percent solution of sodium chloride is also known as ________. Question 10 options: A) normal saline B) Ringer's lactate C) TPN D) D5W
a
A list of all drugs being used, their ingredients, their uses, and how to prepare them was known as ________. Question 11 options: A) a pharmacopoeia B) pharmacology C) a recipe D) an apothecary
a
A local anesthetic drug with epinephrine can be used during surgery to repair a laceration on the ________. Question 2 options: A) forearm B) ear C) finger D) tip of the nose
a
According to the federal Controlled Substances Act of 1970, marijuana is an illegal Schedule ________ drug. Question 16 options: A) I B) II C) III D) IV
a
All of the following are cross-matched, EXCEPT ________. Question 10 options: A) fresh frozen plasma B) whole blood C) packed red blood cells D) platelets
a
As a result of a national tragedy, Congress passed The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938. One of the key parts of this act ________. Question 3 options: A) stated that the government no longer needed proof of fraud to stop the sale of a drug B) made it mandatory that drugs had a pleasing taste and odor C) required accurate labeling of drugs to prevent substitutions or mislabeling of ingredients D) required manufacturers to list their drugs in the United States Pharmacopeia or National Formulary
a
Complete this inscription that is commonly seen on the drug package: "Caution: Federal law prohibits ________." Question 2 options: A) dispensing without a prescription B) the regulation of prescription drugs C) dispensing by a nurse D) the use of Schedule I drugs
a
For many years, synthetic substitutes for the topical anesthetic drug cocaine were sought. This ultimately led to the discovery of what drug that was the prototype of local anesthetic drugs? Question 5 options: A) procaine (Novacaine) B) fentanyl C) chlorpromazine D) meperidine (Demerol)
a
Pharmacology includes all of the following interrelated topics, EXCEPT ________. Question 8 options: A) philosophy and religion B) patient education C) legislation and technology D) molecular chemistry and genetics
a
Powdered rose hips from the rose plant are still used today as a natural source of ________. Question 17 options: A) vitamin C B) insulin C) morphine D) all of the above
a
TPN is also known as ________. Question 8 options: A) total parenteral nutrition B) Oral Nutrition Supplementation C) Intranasal Nutrition D) intravenous lipids
a
The Controlled Substances Act created ________ categories of drugs based on their potential for addiction. Question 5 options: A) five B) three C) ten D) seven
a
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 is concerned with the ________ of patient medical and drug information. Question 14 options: A) security B) identity C) accuracy D) all of the above
a
The belladonna plant was the original source of the drugs ________ that are still used today. Question 10 options: A) atropine and scopolamine B) ephedrine and morphine C) atropine and digoxin D) colchicine and morphine
a
The drug Premarin, a female hormone replacement used to treat the symptoms of menopause, is derived from ________. Question 11 options: A) pregnant mares' urine B) the lanolin from processed sheep's wool C) powdered rose hips D) margarine and oils
a
The first federal drug law was the ________. Question 21 options: A) Pure Food and Drugs Act B) Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act C) Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act D) Dietary Supplements and Health and Education Act
a
The government agency responsible for regulating the manufacturing and dispensing of controlled substances is called the ________. Question 18 options: A) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) B) United States Pharmacopeia C) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) D) Schedule Drug Agency
a
Toddler Darlene has eaten many tablets from her mother's bottle of acetaminophen. She could experience damage to her ________. Question 1 options: A) liver B) heart C) brain D) eyes
a
Used by South American Indians to dip their arrows in, what drug introduced in the 1940s was the first neuromuscular blocker drug to be used during general anesthesia and was especially helpful in performing abdominal surgery? Question 3 options: A) curare B) pentobarbital C) atropine D) desflurane (Suprane)
a
When analgesic drugs are used to control arthritis pain, this is an example of the ________ use of drugs. Question 5 options: A) therapeutic B) preventive C) diagnostic D) pharmacologic
a
Which drug is used to treat an overdose of a narcotic drug? Question 1 options: A) naloxone (Narcan) B) calcium chloride C) epinephrine (Adrenalin) D) lidocaine (Xylocaine)
a
Which drug was historically introduced first? Question 10 options: A) Morphine for pain, from the opium poppy B) Tagamet for peptic ulcers (first H2 blocker drug) C) Humulin (human insulin) (first recombinant DNA technology drug) D) AZT (first drug for HIV)
a
Which of the following do vasopressor drugs NOT do during a resuscitation? Question 3 options: A) They correct the decreased pH of the blood. B) They stimulate alpha receptors in the blood vessels to produce vasoconstriction and raise blood pressure. C) They stimulate beta1 receptors to increase the heart rate. D) They maintain blood flow to the kidneys.
a
Which of the following is the most widely used topical, local, regional, and spinal anesthetic drug? Question 3 options: A) lidocaine B) tetracaine C) ropivacaine D) mepivacaine
a
While most of the narcotic drugs given preoperatively to relieve pain and provide sedation are Schedule II drugs, but which is a Schedule IV narcotic drug? Question 9 options: A) pentazocine (Talwin) B) morphine (Duramorph) C) meperidine (Demerol) D) oxymorphone (Opana)
a
During resuscitation, which of the following statements about epinephrine is FALSE? Question 6 options: A) In ventricular fibrillation, epinephrine makes the heart muscle able to respond to the electrical impulse of a defibrillator. B) Epinephrine can reverse the metabolic acidosis that occurs when the heart stops. C) If the heart has stopped beating, epinephrine can stimulate heart contractions. D) Epinephrine also maintains the blood pressure to improve the chances of a successful resuscitation.
b
In 1920, what technique was perfected that allowed greater control of patient ventilation and anesthetic administration during surgical procedures? Question 10 options: A) anesthetic reversal drugs B) endotracheal intubation C) inhalation route of administration D) subcutaneous administration of local anesthesia
b
In response to criticism that some drugs are available in other countries long before they are available in the U.S., which act was passed in 1997? Question 4 options: A) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) B) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Modernization Act C) Emergency Treatment Investigational New Drug (IND) D) Compassionate Use IND
b
Lidocaine is the drug of choice and indicated for the management of life-threatening ________. Question 6 options: A) anaphylaxis B) ventricular fibrillation C) metabolic acidosis D) asystole
b
Narcan is a narcotic drug ________ drug that is given for an overdose of a narcotic drug. Question 2 options: A) agonist B) antagonist C) antidote D) all of the above
b
One drug used to treat Alzheimer's disease was originally derived from ________. Question 1 options: A) yams B) daffodils C) autumn crocus D) periwinkle
b
Original plant sources of some commonly used drugs include all of the following EXCEPT ________. Question 8 options: A) hot pepper plant B) oak tree C) rose hips D) opium poppy
b
Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBCs) have an advantage over whole blood in that they can be given ________. Question 7 options: A) to any patient without cross-matching B) without causing fluid overload C) during emergency resuscitation D) without the risk of causing a transfusion reaction
b
Penicillin was first introduced about the year ________. Question 22 options: A) 2000 B) 1940 C) 1900 D) 1850
b
Pharmacology is the study of ________. Question 17 options: A) pills and how to give them B) drugs and their interactions with living organisms C) how drugs are dispensed D) plants, herbs, minerals, and animals
b
Regional anesthesia is also known as ________ anesthesia. Question 4 options: A) general B) nerve block C) spinal D) all of the above
b
The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 did all of the following, EXCEPT ________. Question 25 options: A) regulate controlled substances B) introduce the word narcotic C) regulate schedule drugs D) divide potentially addictive drugs into categories
b
The FDA will allow a prescription drug to be reclassified as an over-the-counter (OTC) drug if ________. Question 19 options: A) there is enough public pressure after a drug tragedy B) a patient can easily diagnose and monitor his/her own condition C) the prescription drug is too dangerous to use at its higher doses D) all of the above
b
The Federal Analogue Act of 1986 made it easier to prosecute those who produced and sold ________. Question 22 options: A) prescription drugs B) designer drugs C) over-the-counter drugs D) schedule drugs
b
The Orphan Drug Act was passed to ________. Question 16 options: A) make drug companies responsible for drug substitution and mislabeling that caused deaths B) facilitate the development of new drugs to treat rare diseases C) require drug companies to provide an accurate list of the drug's ingredients D) speed up the approval process of new drugs
b
The local anesthetic drugs bupivacaine and lidocaine are available with or without the vasoconstrictor ________ in the solution. Question 5 options: A) curare B) epinephrine C) atropine D) all of the above
b
The most commonly used intravenous fluids contain ________. Question 8 options: A) dextrose B) dextrose, electrolytes, or a combination of both C) electrolytes D) lipids
b
The most widely used topical, local, regional, and spinal anesthetic drug is ________. Question 7 options: A) bupivacaine (Marcaine B) lidocaine (Xylocaine) C) procaine (Novocaine) D) tetracaine (Pontocaine)
b
The use of drugs during radiological procedures and other medical tests to show evidence of a disease is known as ________. Question 6 options: A) treating symptoms and signs of a disease B) a diagnostic use C) a preventive use D) none of the above
b
Which drug is given to stimulate the myocardium to contract more forcefully and may even stimulate a contraction when the heart is in asystole and has failed to respond to epinephrine? Question 5 options: A) lidocaine B) calcium chloride C) atropine D) sodium bicarbonate
b
Which of the following drugs is used specifically to treat bradycardia other slow heart rate arrhythmias, such as heart block? Question 4 options: A) sodium bicarbonate B) atropine C) calcium chloride D) epinephrine
b
Which of the following is NOT one of the three ways that drugs work in treating overdoses, suicide attempts, or an accidental poisoning? Question 4 options: A) inactivating the drug in the blood by using antagonist drugs B) metabolizing the drug in the blood, liver, or kidneys C) removing the drug from the stomach D) binding the ingested drug to another substance to make it inert
b
Which of the following statements concerning schedule drugs is TRUE? Question 9 options: A) Schedule V drugs are not available under any circumstances, even with a prescription. B) Schedule I drugs have the highest potential for abuse and addiction, while Schedule V drugs have the lowest. C) Schedule V drugs have the highest potential for abuse and addiction, while Schedule I drugs have the lowest. D) Schedule I drugs can be included-in small doses-in over-the-counter drugs.
b
Which organization requires that a hospital develop its own list of acceptable medical and drug abbreviations to avoid drug errors? Question 2 options: A) Food and Drug Administration B) Joint Commission C) Drug Enforcement Agency
b
A patient in cardiac arrest would be given drugs to resuscitate him/her by all of the following routes, EXCEPT ________. Question 3 options: A) intravenous B) endotracheal tube C) oral D) intracardiac
c
Activated charcoal is classified as a/an ________ drug. Question 9 options: A) emetic B) antianxiety drug antagonist C) adsorbent D) vasopressor
c
All of the following are inhaled general anesthetic gases, EXCEPT ________. Question 10 options: A) desflurane (Suprane) B) enflurane (Ethrane) C) fentanyl (Sublimaze) D) nitrous oxide
c
An example of a Schedule I drug is ________. Question 23 options: A) Ambien B) aspirin C) LSD D) all of the above
c
Cryoprecipitate ________. Question 2 options: A) is another name for albumin B) is used during emergency resuscitation C) is prepared by freezing and then slowing thawing plasma D) contains all of the clotting factors
c
Currently, the burden of proof for showing that a drug is safe before it can be marketed is the responsibility of the ________. Question 21 options: A) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) B) physician C) drug company D) consumer
c
Intravenous fluids contain what type of sugar to provide energy to the patient? Question 3 options: A) saline B) electrolytes C) dextrose D) glucose
c
Jamie Alvarez is going to fly in an airplane for the first time. She is afraid she might experience motion sickness, so she has decided to take the over-the-counter drug Dramamine. This is an example of the ________ use of a drug. Question 9 options: A) therapeutic B) diagnostic C) preventive D) all of the above
c
The 1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act defined ________ drugs as those drugs that could only be given to patients under the care of a physician. Question 24 options: A) dangerous B) schedule C) prescription D) all of the above
c
The 1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act defined ________ drugs as those drugs that could only be given to patients under the care of a physician. Question 25 options: A) dangerous B) schedule C) prescription D) all of the above
c
The addition of epinephrine to some local anesthetic drugs ________. Question 6 options: A) decreases blood pressure and heart rate B) binds to dopamine receptors in the cell wall C) prolongs the anesthetic effect of the drug D) inhibits the release of prostaglandins to decrease pain
c
The combining of several ingredients to form a single drug is known as ________. Question 15 options: A) molecular pharmacology B) personalized medicine C) compounding D) human genome
c
The drug Premarin, a female hormone replacement used to treat the symptoms of menopause, is derived from ________. Question 24 options: A) the lanolin from processed sheep's wool B) powdered rose hips C) pregnant mares' urine D) margarine and oils
c
The drug digoxin (Lanoxin) that is used today to treat congestive heart failure was derived from the ________. Question 20 options: A) French lilac flower B) belladonna plant C) foxglove plant D) opium poppy flower
c
The medicinal use of foxglove to make the drug digoxin (Lanoxin) is an example of a modern drug derived from ________. Question 12 options: A) a mineral B) an animal C) a plant D) a trace element
c
Which of the following has NEVER been the source of a drug used to treat diabetes mellitus? Question 23 options: A) Gila monsters B) ground-up beef pancreas C) lanolin from sheep D) ground-up pork pancreas
c
Which of the following statements is TRUE? Question 4 options: A) Digoxin has a low therapeutic index and a long half-life. B) It is not uncommon for elderly patients to experience digoxin toxicity. C) All of the above statements are true. D) Digoxin immune fab (Digibind, DigiFab) is an antidote drug for digoxin toxicity.
c
Testing of new drugs
chemical analysis of a drug done in laboratory in test tubes is known as in vitro testing (in glass) . Testing carried out on animals or humans is known as in vivo testing.. during animal testing, any side effects , toxic effects, addictions, cancerous tumors, or fetal deformities are noted and evaluated. also during this phase, the pharmacodynamics of the drug are explored. This involves using mathematics to describe the mechanism of action by which the drug produces its effects (desired or undesired), based on time and dose. it includes calculating the following:
A crash cart ________. Question 5 options: A) contains emergency drugs and resuscitative equipment B) is in nursing homes, physician offices, and clinics C) is available in every patient area in a hospital D) all of the above
d
A prescription drug can be obtained with a ________. Question 19 options: A) verbal order from a dentist B) written prescription from a physician C) written prescription or verbal order from a healthcare professional whose license permits this D) all of the above
d
An important patient safety issue was solved in 1984 with the introduction of ________. Question 3 options: A) orphan drugs B) the human genome C) drug legislation D) childproof caps for drugs
d
Designer drugs ________. Question 13 options: A) are also known as analog drugs B) are created by slightly modifying the molecular structure of a Schedule I or II drug. C) are created to avoid prosecution under existing drug laws. D) all of the above
d
Drug legislation was passed in the early 1900s to protect the public from ________. Question 4 options: A) unscrupulous drug sellers B) prescription drugs C) worthless, mislabeled, and dangerous drugs D) A and C
d
Drugs for the induction of anesthesia are ________. Question 1 options: A) given intravenously B) provide a rapid loss of consciousness C) are used to relax the abdominal muscles D) A and B
d
Ethylene glycol ________. Question 1 options: A) can be abused recreationally or swallowed accidentally B) is also known as antifreeze C) can cause central nervous system damage, blindness or death D) all of the above
d
If a local anesthetic drug that contained epinephrine for vasoconstriction was used to do surgery on the tip of the nose, that might result in ________. Question 6 options: A) necrosis B) skin sloughing C) excessive local vasoconstriction D) all of the above
d
If you had lived during the 1700s and 1800s, it would not have been unusual for you to ________. Question 13 options: A) take a drug whose addictive ingredients were not listed on the label B) have taken a drug that contained opium, morphine, heroin, or cocaine C) be addicted without knowing it after taking a drug for a common disease D) all of the above
d
Immunoglobulin A is found in ________. Question 1 options: A) tears and saliva B) antigens C) mucous membranes of the nose, lungs, and intestines D) A and C
d
It took a national tragedy to force a much-needed update of the Food and Drugs Act of 1906. The drug that caused this national tragedy was ________. Question 20 options: A) thalidomide, which was used to treat morning sickness B) Cocaine Toothache Drops, which was used to treat toothache pain C) Ayer's Cherry Pectoral, which was used to treat respiratory ailments D) sulfonamide, an anti-infective drug
d
Narcotic drugs are used ________. Question 1 options: A) preoperatively to relieve pain and provide sedation B) in combination with other drugs to help maintain general anesthesia C) to induce general anesthesia D) all of the above
d
Some liquid anesthetic drugs contain methylparaben, which is ________. Question 7 options: A) barbiturate drug with antibiotic and antiviral effects B) neuromuscular drug with antibiotic and antifungal effects C) anesthetic drug with antibiotic and antifungal effects D) preservative with antibiotic and antifungal effects
d
States that allow healthcare providers to prescribe controlled substances first require them to register at the federal level with ________. Question 7 options: A) the Food and Drug Administration B) Medicare C) Joint Commission D) the Drug Enforcement Agency
d
The FDA Safety and Administration Act allowed the FDA to ________. Question 6 options: A) speed up review of a drug that was clearly better than others already on the market B) impose penalties for not having inspection of drugs imported from outside the U.S. C) include a provision for "breakthrough therapy" D) all of the above
d
The apothecary system of measurement included all of the following, EXCEPT ________. Question 14 options: A) scruples B) drams C) grains D) milliliters
d
The majority of drugs are used to control, improve, or cure symptoms, signs, and diseases of a physiological or psychological nature. This is categorized as a ________ use. Question 7 options: A) diagnostic B) preventive C) prescription D) therapeutic
d
The mineral gold is used to treat ________. Question 18 options: A) diabetes mellitus B) baldness C) mineral deficiency D) rheumatoid arthritis
d
The thalidomide drug tragedy occurred in the late 1950s when the drug ________. Question 12 options: A) caused babies to be born with seal limbs B) was prescribed in Europe, but not the United States C) was used to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnant women D) all of the above
d
Topical anesthetic drugs do NOT come in which of the following drug forms? Question 9 options: A) gels B) creams C) ointments D) gas
d
What common ingredient of topical skin drugs is derived from the purified fat of processed sheep's wool? Question 15 options: A) calcium B) vitamin C C) aspirin D) lanolin
d
What effect do antihistamine drugs have when given preoperatively? Question 8 options: A) They provide sedation. B) They decrease anxiety. C) They dry up oral secretions. D) all of the above
d
Which I.V. fluid contains the same two electrolytes in the same physiologic proportion as those in tissue fluid? Question 2 options: A) crystalloid B) D5W C) whole blood D) 0.9% NaCl
d
Which of the following drugs is used to reverse the effects of neuromuscular blocker drugs used during general anesthesia? Question 4 options: A) atracurium (Tracrium) B) succinylcholine (Quelicin) C) vecuronium (Norcuron) D) edrophonium (Enlon, Reversol)
d
Which of the following is a symptom of an overdose of a narcotic drug? Question 7 options: A) hypotension B) unconsciousness C) respiratory depression D) all of the above
d
Which of the following is true about drugs in the Middle Ages? Question 1 options: A) Some of the drug ingredients were based on medical lore and superstition. B) Some of the drug ingredients were worthless or even harmful. C) Some of the drug ingredients were therapeutic. D) all of the above
d
Which of the following statements is FALSE? Question 8 options: A) Cocaine is derived from coca bush leaves. B) The South American Indians chewed coca bush leaves for their euphoric effect. C) Cocaine, the first topical anesthetic drug, was introduced in 1880. D) The first public demonstration of general anesthesia was performed with inhaled nitrous oxide.
d
Which of the following types of drugs are NOT used preoperatively to decrease anxiety and produce sedation? Question 2 options: A) anticholinergic drugs B) barbiturate drugs C) antihistamine drugs D) neuromuscular blocker drugs
d
an example of a placebo is a) an injection of sterile normal saline b) a genetically engineered drug c)a sugar pill d) a and c
d
ending -azole is common to ?
generic antiyeast drugs used to treat candidiasis.
