Ch.18

Although Nicolas Poussin's Rape of the Sabine Women Is filled with drama and implied emotion, it's still seems rather restrained do you to the use of what device?

A triangular composition

Who was the four most pain or in baroque Spain?

Diego Velazquez

Flanders remained in Spanish Control so the artists there tended to produce what kinds of paintings?

Religious and mythological

In The Conversion of St. Paul Caravaggio uses, __________________ a Bright spot lighting effect on a dark background, to highlight the main action of the scene

Tenebrism

Louis the 14th was in charge of dictating the direction of style in the arts in France. He was known as __________________ because everything in French society revolved around him

The "sun king"

Versailles was the major project of Louis' reign. He aimed to create the grandest, largest most imposing palace in Europe in the world. What is the most famous part of Versailles?

The hall of mirrors

The Catholic-Counter-Reformation was a movement wherein the Catholic Church attempted to address all the issues brought up by Martin Luther and his protestant followers. At the Council of Trent church leaders agreed that:

- A new artistic propaganda program is embarked on that aims to show that Catholicism is the only legitimate religion around - The Catholic Church would continue to use images in worship in order to foster more intimate relationships with the divine

Galileo's discovery that the earth is not the center of the universe had profound consequences for Catholics. It made them question Catholic doctrine and leads to the ___________________ and ____________________, movements that attempted to reform the Catholic Church.

- Counter-Reformation - Reformation

Broke in the Dutch Republic

- Dutch republic banking capital of Europe - Trade with fair flung places brings in money and exotic goods. - Urban patrician class of merchants and bankers in control and commissioning art. - Protestantism ensures fewer religious commissions. - More still-life, genre paintings, portraits, landscapes

Rembrandt van Rijn

- Master of the Dutch Republic. - Famous for his group portraits and self portraits. - use of golden, spiritual light. - Famous for his impasto application of paint

In response to the counter-reformation Catholic Church decorative programs get more and more dramatic. What did Baciccio do to create an emotional connection with those who visited the church of ll Jesu?

- Steeply foreshortened figures to make them look as though they hover above the viewer - used dramatic lighting - painted a fictive opening in the nave of the barrel vaulted church - used many different media such as fresco, stucco and bronze

In order to create visual drama in his works Rubens used these techniques:

- bursts of dramatic Light with lots of figures in dynamic movement. - Breaking down the invisible barrier between us and the image. - New compositional framework like the W shaped composition. - Juxtaposing really luscious colors and textures

Rococo (1700-1750)

- lighter color scheme: pastels mixed with silver, gold and white - Frothy love scenes, dalliances, picnicking major themes

Many people believe that the Baroque style in Italy arose as a reaction to the protestant reformation. What did protestants voice complaints about?

- ritual based worship - idolatry - overspending by the papacy - sale of indulgences

Some of the advances in the realm of science and exploration that influence the production of the Baroque style include:

- use of the telescope to observe the cosmos - Discovery and colonization of North and South America's - exploration of the worlds land masses

This artist was a follower of Caravaggio. When her father arranged her to have a private tutor, she claimed that he raped her. A messy trial ensued in which both were subjected to torture. Many think that her most famous painting Judith beheading hollow ferns was painted as a means of working through her feelings about these events.

Artemisia Gentileschi

Bernini installed a __________________, a kind of canopy as the focal point of the interior of Saint Peter's. It was made of gilded _________________. Bernini based its design on descriptions of the temple of Jerusalem in the Bible.

Baldacchino; gilded bronze

Bernini installed covered walkways in front of Saint peters that reach out to embrace visitors. They Incorporated Roman style ______________ and Greek temple façades

Barrel Vaults

Nicolas Poussin was The artist whose ideas were most influential in France during the Baroque period. His ideas formed the basis for the French Academy. What were some of the things he suggested the artists do to create a masterpiece?

Choose a topic from history or mythology, use restrained colors and light, don't depict too much emotion

The most important painter of the Baroque period in Flanders was served Peter Paul Rubens. What are some characteristics of his style?

Dynamic movement, radiant color, dramatic lighting, big fleshy women

True or false? The Baroque style with similar in all the territories of Europe including Spain.

False

During the baroque. The territory we are identify as Belgium and the Netherlands was divided into two sections. What were they?

Flanders and the Dutch Republic

What was new about Bernini's sculpture of David?

He is represented as in the midst of movement

Louis preferred the classical style in art and architecture. He ensured that everyone in France would work in this style by which means?

He set up state run in funded schools of art that tile only classical style

What was new about Velasquez' painting technique?

He used broken brush strokes that were meant to imitate how our eye sees color interacting with light

Caravaggio often used people that he knew from his own circle of friends as models for his religious paintings. They were from what social strata?

Lowlife thieves and prostitutes. People he met at bars and brothels

In Las Meninas or the Maids of Honor Velasquez breaks down the invisible barrier between us and the painted image by doing what?

Painting a mirrored surface to show that the king and queen stand approximately where the view were stands

The courtyard outside Saint peters Basilica is called a _________________.

Piazza

In the rape of the daughters of Leucippus we find a good example of Rubens' approach to depicting the female body with a large frame and lots of pink flesh. This style is called _____________.

Rubenesque

What is an Obelisk

Tall pointed, skinny Monument made by the Egyptians to represent the sun god Amun

Irregularly

The word Baroque is derived from the Portuguese term that meant _________________shaped pearl. Art historians and scholars used this term because the Baroque style was unevenly distributed amongst the nations of Europe.

The exteriors of Catholic churches are just as dramatic in the baroque period as the interiors. Architects such as Borromini created undulating plastic surfaces on the façades of churches.

True

True or false? Bernie's Cornaro Chapel with its St. Theresa is ecstasy sculpture grouping out layered opulent materials, a dramatic story, and theoretical lighting to represent an image that would demonstrate how Catholics could have an intimate spiritual experience within the context of Catholicism

True

What is one Italian Baroque characteristic that was adopted in Spain?

Use of tenebrism