ch.24 Pituitary and Thyroid Disorders

Question 4 of 5 Graves' disease ________________. Select all that apply. is an autoimmune condition of the posterior pituitary. is a form of hyperthyroidism. causes weight gain, bradycardia, and fatigue. results in elevated thyroid hormones. is a neurogenic disorder.

is a form of hyperthyroidism. results in elevated thyroid hormones.

Question 2 of 5 A patient with central diabetes insipidus _________________. will likely have edema. will have increased urine output. will have a higher than normal metabolism. will drink less water than normal. will have elevated antidiuretic levels.

will have increased urine output.

Question 1 of 5 Acromegaly is caused by __________________. excess antidiuretic hormone deficient antidiuretic hormone excess growth hormone excess cortisol excess thyroid hormone

excess growth hormone

Question 6 of 7 This or That? For each item, drag and drop the correct disease, disorder, or description. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Anterior pituitary gland Thyroid gland

Anterior pituitary gland CORRECT. The anterior pituitary gland is responsible for producing TSH. The thyroid gland is responsible for producing T3 and T4.

Question 4 of 7 Can you differentiate the various pituitary and thyroid disorders? For each disorder, drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box. Posterior Pituitary Hypofunction Decreased urine osmolarity Sudden onset of symptoms including chest pain and tearing sound Decreased ADH levels Polyuria Traumatic brain injury Central diabetes insipidus Pituitary adenomas

Decreased ADH levels Central diabetes insipidus Polyuria Decreased urine osmolarity CORRECT. The posterior pituitary releases the hormones ADH and oxytocin. Central diabetes insipidus is a condition in which ADH is not produced at sufficient levels or the kidneys are unable to respond to ADH. Inadequate ADH results in polyuria and dilution of the urine, decreasing urine osmolarity.

Question 2 of 7 Can you differentiate the various pituitary and thyroid disorders? For each disorder, drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box. Posterior Pituitary Hyperfunction Myxedema Excess water reabsorption Exophthalmos Decreased plasma osmolarity Prolactinomas SIADH

Decreased plasma osmolarity Excess water reabsorption SIADH CORRECT. When the poster pituitary demonstrates increased function, excess water reabsorption may result due to elevated ADH levels. Such elevations in ADH occur in the disease syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, SIADH. Additional fluid volume in the body will dilute particles in the plasma, reducing plasma osmolarity. Myxedema and exophthalmos are associated with thyroid, not posterior pituitary disorders. Prolactinomas are a condition of the anterior pituitary.

Question 1 of 7 Can you differentiate the various pituitary and thyroid disorders? For each disorder, drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box. Anterior Pituitary Hypofunction Decreased tropic hormones Polyuria Traumatic brain injury Increased end organ activity Pituitary adenomas Sheehan's syndrome Cretinism in infants

Decreased tropic hormones Sheehan's syndrome Pituitary adenomas Traumatic brain injury CORRECT. The anterior pituitary secretes tropic hormones, so any hypofunction of the anterior pituitary causes a reduction in one or more of these hormones. Traumatic brain injury may damage the anterior pituitary, causing a reduced performance of the gland. Sheehan's syndrome is a specific example of anterior pituitary hypofunction resulting from ischemia to the gland during childbirth. Pituitary adenomas, which may compromise function of one of more cell types of the anterior pituitary, may also result in hypofunction. Polyuria is associated with abnormalities of the posterior pituitary and cretinism is a due to hypofunction of the thyroid gland.

Question 2 of 5 Which signs or symptoms would result from syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone? Select all that apply. Thirst Fatigue Polyuria Dehydration Hypervolemia

Fatigue Dehydration

Question 5 of 5 The most common cause of thyroid hyperfunction is ______________. Hashimoto's thyroiditis. a tumor of the pituitary. Graves' disease. elevated TSH. autoimmune attack of thyroid hormone-producing cells.

Graves' disease.

Question 7 of 7 Can you differentiate the various pituitary and thyroid disorders? For each disorder, drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box. Thyroid Hypofunction Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Primary represented by high T3 and T4 and low TSH Graves' disease Polyuria Slow reflexes Primary represented by low T3 and T4 and high TSH Cretinism in infants

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Primary represented by low T3 and T4 and high TSH Slow reflexes Cretinism in infants CORRECT. Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune condition, is the most common form of thyroid hypofunction. Because thyroid hormones affect the nervous system, lack of sufficient hormones may result in slow reflexes. Primary forms of hypothyroidism are due to problems within the thyroid gland itself. In this case, TSH, the signal from the anterior pituitary, is elevated, while T3 and T4 levels remain low. High levels of thyroid hormone represent hyperfunction, no hypofunction. Graves' disease is an example of thyroid hyperfunction. Cretinism is a specific form of thyroid hypofunction which occurs in infants.

Question 5 of 5 Hypofunction of an endocrine gland is associated with which of the following? Select all that apply. Graves' disease Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone Hashimoto's thyroiditis Central diabetes insipidus Acromegaly

Hashimoto's thyroiditis Central diabetes insipidus

Question 5 of 7 Can you differentiate the various pituitary and thyroid disorders? For each disorder, drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box. Anterior Pituitary Hyperfunction Pituitary adenomas Decreased plasma osmolarity Increased end organ activity Decreased end organ activity Increased tropic hormones Prolactinomas Weight gain

Pituitary adenomas Prolactinomas Increased tropic hormones Increased end organ activity CORRECT. Tropic hormones are produced by the anterior pituitary, so hyperfunction of this gland causes an elevation in one or more of these hormones. Elevated tropic hormones will in turn increase end organ activity. Prolactinomas are the most common form of anterior pituitary hyperfunction. Changes in plasma osmolarity are associated with the posterior, not anterior, pituitary. Weight gain is common in hypothyroidism.

Question 3 of 7 Can you differentiate the various pituitary and thyroid disorders? For each disorder, drag and drop the characteristics that apply to the disorder to the box. Thyroid Hyperfunction Increased HR and tremors Secondary represented by high T3 and T4 and high TSH Secondary represented low T3 and T4 and low TSH Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Heat sensitivity Central diabetes insipidus Thyrotoxicosis

Secondary represented by high T3 and T4 and high TSH Thyrotoxicosis Heat sensitivity Increased HR and tremors CORRECT. Thyrotoxicosis is an elevation in thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones, T3 and T4, increase metabolic rate, which may cause an individual to be warm and intolerant to heat. The heart and nervous system are sensitive to thyroid hormones, so elevation of these hormones may cause elevated heart rate and tremors. Secondary thyroid hyperfunction is due to an elevation in the anterior pituitary hormone, TSH, stimulating overproduction of thyroid hormone. Thus, TSH, T3, and T4 are all elevated in secondary forms of hyperfunction. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is associated with hypofunction of the thyroid gland. Central diabetes insipidus is a condition of the posterior pituitary.

Question 1 of 5 Excess antidiuretic hormone is associated with which of the following conditions? Central diabetes insipidus Graves' disease Hashimoto's thyroiditis Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone Acromegaly

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone

Question 4 of 5 The nurse finds decreased T3 and T4 hormone levels in the laboratory report of a patient diagnosed with an endocrine disorder. What specific characteristics does the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply. Weight gain Decreased heart rate Feeling cold Fatigue Weight loss

Weight gain Decreased heart rate Feeling cold Fatigue

Question 3 of 5 Hyperfunction of the ________________ that results in excess growth hormone may cause ___________. hypothalamus; acromegaly anterior pituitary; acromegaly posterior pituitary; acromegaly anterior pituitary; Graves' disease hypothalamus; Graves' disease

anterior pituitary; acromegaly

Question 3 of 5 Central diabetes insipidus _________________. Select all that apply. causes increased blood glucose. is another form of diabetes. results in excess water retention. Is caused by over secretion of ADH. results in increased urine production.

results in increased urine production.