Ch.4

36. Benefits minus costs is known as the _____. a. cost of capital b. cash flow c. discount factor d. opportunity cost of capital

b. cash flow

69. A(n) _____ is a tool that provides a systematic process for selecting projects based on many criteria.

weighted scoring model

67. _____ is the result of subtracting the project costs from the benefits and then dividing by the costs.

ROI

42. In a weighted scoring model, the sum of the weights of all the criteria must total _____ percent. a. 10 b. 50 c. 100 d. 150

c. 100

34. _____ are new requirements imposed by management, government, or some external influence. a. Opportunities b. Charters c. Problems d. Directives

d. Directives

58. _____ involves identifying and managing the points of interaction between various elements of the project.

interface management

62. _____ refer to undesirable situations that prevent an organization from achieving its goals.

problems

57. _____ involves coordinating all of the other project management knowledge areas throughout a project's life cycle.

project integration management

50. The project schedule information section of the project management plan includes ____. a. a detailed budget b. a list of key deliverables c. an elaborate timetable d. a directory of staff involved in the project

c. an elaborate timetable

76. _____ involves identifying, evaluating, and managing changes throughout the project life cycle.

integrated change control

27. _____ involves working with stakeholders to create the document that formally authorizes a project. a. Developing the project charter b. Developing the preliminary project scope statement c. Developing the project management plan d. Performing integrated change control

a. Developing the project charter

65. _____ analysis is a method of calculating the expected net monetary gain or loss from a project by discounting all expected future cash inflows and outflows to the present point in time.

net present value

63. _____ refer to chances to improve the organization.

opportunities

30. The first step in the planning process is _____. a. to tie the information technology strategic plan to the organization's overall strategic plan b. to perform a business area analysis c. to start defining potential IT projects in terms of their scope, benefits, and constraints d. to choose which projects to do and assigning resources to work on them

a. to tie the information technology strategic plan to the organization's overall strategic plan

41. A project's internal rate of return can be determined by finding what discount rate results in an NPV of _____ for the project. a. zero b. one c. a hundred percent d. fifty percent

a. zero

75. A(n) _____ is the approved project management plan plus approved changes.

baseline

56. _____ involves identifying and controlling the functional and physical design characteristics of products and their support documentation, and ensures that the descriptions of the project's products are correct and complete. a. NPV analysis b. Project management information systems c. Configuration management d. Project time management

c. Configuration management

28. _____ involves coordinating all planning efforts to create a consistent, coherent document. a. Developing the project charter b. Developing the preliminary project scope statement c. Developing the project management plan d. Developing the organizational process assets updates

c. Developing the project management plan

54. An IT company revises its process parameters in response to complaints from vendors that products were not ready on time. This would be an example of _____. a. cost forecasting b. a preventive action c. defect repairs d. a corrective action

d. a corrective action

52. _____ should result in improvements in project performance. a. Corrective actions b. Defect repairs c. Preventive actions d. Product acceptance plans

a. Corrective actions

35. _____ analysis is a method of calculating the expected net monetary gain or loss from a project by discounting all expected future cash inflows and outflows to the present point in time. a. Cost of capital b. Net present value c. Cash flow d. Payback

b. Net present value

33. In the _____ stage of selecting information technology projects, organizations select information technology projects. a. project planning b. business area analysis c. resource allocation d. information technology strategy planning

c. resource allocation

72. _____ include formal and informal plans, policies, procedures, guidelines, information systems, financial systems, management systems, lessons learned, and historical information that can be used to influence a project's success.

organizational process assets

73. In project integration management, project ______ and _______ are intertwined and inseparable activities.

planning, execution

59. _____ involves determining long-term objectives by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses, studying opportunities and threats, predicting future trends, and projecting the need for new products and services.

strategic planning

60. A(n) _____ involves analyzing a company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and is used to aid in strategic planning.

swot analysis

38. Which of the following is true of return on investment or ROI? a. It is always a percentage. b. It is always a positive number. c. It is the result of adding the project costs to the profits. d. The lower it is, the better.

a. It is always a percentage.

45. Which of the following are organizational process assets? a. Management systems b. The organization's infrastructure c. Government standards d. Marketplace conditions

a. Management systems

66. A positive NPV means the return from a project exceeds the _____, the return available by investing the capital elsewhere.

cost of capital

64. _____ are new requirements imposed by management, government, or some external influence.

directives

68. The _____ is the discount rate that results in an NPV of zero for a project.

internal rate of return

61. _____ is a technique that uses branches radiating from a core idea to structure thoughts and ideas.

mind mapping

74. _____ project work includes collecting, measuring, and disseminating performance information.

monitoring

46. A _____ is a document used to coordinate all project planning documents and help guide a project's execution and control. a. project management plan b. statement of work c. scope statement d. business case

a. project management plan

32. In the _____ stage of selecting information technology projects, organizations define project scope, benefits, and constraints. a. project planning b. business area analysis c. resource allocation d. information technology strategy planning

a. project planning

37. The first step in determining the NPV is to _____. a. determine the estimated costs and benefits for the life of the project and the products it produces b. determine the discount rate c. calculate the net present value d. determine the cash flow

a. determine the estimated costs and benefits for the life of the project and the products it produces

77. A(n) _____ is a formal group of people responsible for approving or rejecting changes to a project.

change control board

51. The majority of time on a project is usually spent on _____, as is most of the project's budget. a. execution b. planning c. closing d. monitoring and controlling

a. execution

53. Which of the following is a proactive process undertaken to reduce the probability of negative consequences associated with project risks? a. Performance reports b. Preventive actions c. Defect repairs d. Corrective actions

b. Preventive actions

31. The _____ stage of information technology planning outlines business processes that are central to achieving strategic goals and helps determine which ones could most benefit from information technology. a. project planning b. business area analysis c. resource allocation d. information technology strategy planning

b. business area analysis

48. The _____ section of the project management plan describes how to monitor project progress and handle changes. a. management objectives b. project controls c. risk management d. technical processes

b. project controls

40. Payback occurs when: a. the net cumulative benefits minus costs equal one. b. the net cumulative benefits equal the net cumulative costs. c. the net costs are lower than the cumulative benefits. d. the cumulative benefits are double the cumulative costs.

b. the net cumulative benefits equal the net cumulative costs.

70. A(n) _____ is a methodology that converts value drivers, such as customer service, innovation, operational efficiency, and financial performance, to a series of defined metrics.

balanced scorecard

47. The _____ section of the project plan should describe the major project functions and activities and identify those individuals who are in charge of them. a. organizational charts b. other organizational or process-related information c. project responsibilities d. management objectives

c. project responsibilities

44. The business case includes information on _____. a. the business need for the project b. relevant government or industry standards c. the project objective, high-level requirements, and time and cost goals d. policies, procedures, guidelines, and systems that influence a project's success

c. the project objective, high-level requirements, and time and cost goals

55. A(n) _____ is a formal, documented process that describes when and how official project documents may be modified, the people authorized to make modifications, and the paperwork required for these changes. a. WBS b. project charter c. performance report d. change control system

d. change control system

29. The outputs of the _____ process include change request status updates, project management plan updates, and project document updates. a. initiating b. planning c. executing d. monitoring and controlling

d. monitoring and controlling

43. A _____ is a document that recognizes the existence of a project and provides direction on the project's objectives and management. a. stakeholder register b. risk register c. directive d. project charter

d. project charter

39. The _____ is the minimum acceptable rate of return on an investment. a. capitalization rate b. internal rate of return c. discount rate d. required rate of return

d. required rate of return

49. The _____ section of the project management plan describes specific methodologies a project might use and explains how to document information. a. management objectives b. project controls c. risk management d. technical processes

d. technical processes

71. _____ factors include relevant government or industry standards, the organization's infrastructure, and marketplace conditions.

enterprise environmental