ch.5

Cutaneous membrane

-is the largest membrane -has keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Mucous membrane

-line passageways that open to the external environment -performs absorptive, protective, and secretory functions

smooth muscle:

-mostly found in the viscera -helps move contents through a hollow organ

exocrine:

-secretes enzymes -releases products into a duct or into a surface -goblet cell -contains septa ,dividing the gland into lobes -sweat glands

endocrine:

-secretes hormones -releases products into the blood -an example is the gland that secretes cortisol

Check all of the statements regarding epithelial structure and function that are true. --simple squamous epithelium allows for rapid diffusion -the keratin present on simple cuboidal epithelium protects from the water loss. -the microvilli on simple columnar epithelium helps to maximize absorption -the keratin on the esophageal stratified squamous epithelium helps to moisten the luminal surface for swallowing -transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder can change shape to accommodate bladder wall stretching.

-the keratin present on simple cuboidal epithelium protects from the water loss. -the microvilli on simple columnar epithelium helps to maximize absorption

skeletal muscle:

-voluntary -moves the skeletal -multinucleated

The epithelium of the skin is a barrier to water and reduces water loss from the body.

acting as barriers

The epithelium of the skin prevents the entry of many toxic molecules and microorganisms into the body.

acting as barriers

connective tissue examples: Osteocytes are residents of ________ tissue.

bone

neurons are in larger number,and provide supportive functions for glial cells

false

Endocrine glands secrete products called _____________.

hormones

connective tissue examples: Which of the following tissues has cells residing in lacunae?

hyaline cartilage

simple squamous

lining of alveoli

Nonciliated Simple Columnar

lining of most of the digestive tract

epithelium location: Ciliated Simple Columnar

lining of uterine tubes

connective tissue example: What type of tissue supports epithelium?

loose connective tissue

One layer of cells is called ____________ and more than one layer is called stratified.

simple

The type of epithelium that would best allow rapid diffusion, osmosis, or filtration is ____________ epithelium.

simple squamous

cardiac muscle tissue:

striated; involuntary

skeletal muscle tissue:

striated; voluntary

Reticular:

stroma of spleen and liver

Adipose:

subcutaneous layer

A ____________ serves as a wrapping around largely mobile joints and secretes synovial fluid that serves to lubricate joint movement.

synovial membrane

Dense regular:

tendons and igaments

Elastic:

walls of large arteries

Check all of the statements that are true regarding keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. -Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is typically found lining the oral cavity. -Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium forms the epidermis of the skin. -In keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue, the cells on the apical (outer) surface are dead.

-Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium forms the epidermis of the skin. -In keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue, the cells on the apical (outer) surface are dead.

nervous tissue function: Select all that are functions of neurons and glial cells -Receive nerve impulses -Protect neurons -Nourish neurons -Calcium storage

-Protect neurons -Nourish neurons

select all that are true about glands: -They may secrete substances to be eliminated from the body. -They may be multicellular. -They are composed predominantly of epithelial tissue. -They may secrete substances for use elsewhere in the body.

-They may secrete substances to be eliminated from the body. -They may be multicellular. -may secrete substances for use elsewhere in the body. -they are composed predominantly of epithelial tissue

exocrine gland classification: check all of the statements that are correct regarding the classification of exocrine gland -simple glands always have a single, unbranched secretory portion -compound glands have branched ducts -tubular glands have uniform diameter of the duct and secretory portions -Acinar glands have secretory acini and secretory tubules -a gland whose secretory cells from an expanded sac is an acinar gland

-compound glands have branched ducts -tubular glands have uniform diameter of the duct and secretory portions -Acinar glands have secretory acini and secretory tubules

Cardiac muscle:

-contracts without nervous innervation - connected by intercalated discs

Synovial membrane

-has epithelial cells but no basement membrane -produces a fluid that reduces friction between bones

serous membrane

-has simple squamous epithelium called mesothelium -has parietal and visceral layer

The epithelial cells of the intestine absorb digested food molecules, vitamins, and ions.

Absorbing substances

The plasma membranes of certain epithelial tissues contain carrier proteins that regulate the absorption of materials.

Absorbing substances

connective tissue examples: Tendons and ligaments are primarily made of:

Dense regular connective tissue

The ____________ are the most numerous cells of nervous tissue.

Neuroglia

The epithelium of the oral cavity protects the underlying structures from food as it is being chewed.

Protecting underlying structures

The outermost layer of the skin (the epidermis) protects the underlying structures from the environment

Protecting underlying structures

Mucous glands and the enzyme-secreting portions of the pancreas secrete their products into ducts that subsequently deliver their products to other areas of the body.

Secreting substances

Nervous tissue consists of cells called ____________ that receive, transmit, and process nerve impulses. It also contains a larger number of cells called ____________ (or supporting cells), which do not ____________ but instead they ____________ , and provide nourishment and protection. Each neuron has a prominent cell body that houses both the nucleus and other organelles. The shorter more numerous nerve cell processes are ____________ . These ____________ signals and transmit the information to the cell body. The single long process extending from the cell body is the ____________ . This can ____________ signals and transmit them to other cells.

answer: Nervous tissue consists of cells called neurons that receive, transmit, and process nerve impulses. It also contains a larger number of cells called glial cells (or supporting cells), which do not transmit nerve impulses but instead they support neurons, and provide nourishment and protection. Each neuron has a prominent cell body that houses both the nucleus and other organelles. The shorter more numerous nerve cell processes are dendrites. These receive incoming signals and transmit the information to the cell body. The single long process extending from the cell body is the axon. This can carry outgoing signals and transmit them to other cells.

Epithelial tissue can be ____________ according to cell shape and number of layers.

clasified

mucous membrane

composed of an epithelia and an underlying lamina propria

synovial membrane

composed of either fibrous, adipose, or areolar tissue

serous membrane:

composed of mesothelium and underlying layer of connective tissue

which body membrane protects the body from water loss and harm to internal organs?

cutaneous

The largest membrane of the body, the ____________ provides a protective barrier from environmental factors such as chemicals, water, microbes, and mechanical trauma.

cutaneous membrane

A ____________ receives signals from other cells.

dendrites

Dense irregular:

dermis and periosteum

simple cuboidal

ducts of exocrine gland

which of the following is NOT a function of simple columnar epithelium? -movement of egg through uterine tube -filtration -secretion of mucus - absorption - movement of embryo through uterine tube

filtration

cutaneous membrane

keratinized squamous epithelium and an underlying layer of connective tissue

Consisting of an epithelium, a lamina propria and muscularis mucosae, a ____________ lines passageways of the body such as those of the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts.

mucous membrane

The excitable cells of the nervous system are called ____________ .

neurons

The body of a neuron is called the ____________ .

neurosoma

smooth muscle tissue:

no striations; involuntary

Pseudostratified cells look like more than one layer because of the arrangements of the cells' ____________ .

nuclei

Simple squamous epithelium allows carbon dioxide to be diffused from the blood into the lungs.

permitting the passage of substances

Neuroglia ____________ and assist neurons.

protect

connective tissue examples: The structure of the spleen and lymph nodes are composed mainly of

reticular loose conective

Consisting of simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of areolar connective tissue, a ____________ lines the insides of some body cavities and produces a thin, watery secretion that lubricates internal areas of movement.

serous membrane

The type of muscle tissue that would be found in the wall of the bladder is ________ muscle tissue.

smooth

Thin, flat, scaly cells are ____________ .

squamous

Cuboidal cells are either rounded or ____________ in shape.

square

Columnar cells are tall and ____________ .

thin