chain of infection
ways for microbes to exit the body are ____ and ____
sneezing and coughing, semen and vaginal fluids, blood and drainage from wounds
when you have a sickness that is caused by a virus, you could be helped by an antibiotic (T or F)
false
psychosocial effect of PPE
makes some people feel safe, scares other people
transmission of a disease is when...
the disease is passed to a new individual or group
a disease spread by airborne droplets is...
the flu
the reservoir in the chain of infection is...
the space where the microorganism lives
you pass diseases indirectly by...
touching a surface, doorknob...
examples of transmission
transmission from host to host, direct/indirect contact, ingestion, inhalation
diseases transmitted through indirect contact are ____ and ____
Hep A and pink eye
when to wash your hands
1: before touching patient 2: before cleaning/asepsis procedures 3: after body fluid exposure risk 4: after touching a patient 5: after touching patient surroundings
the chain of infection is made up of how many links...
6
Susceptible host
A person or animal that lacks the ability to fight infectious agent
Standard Precautions
A strict form of infection control that is based on the assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious. ex BSI
pathogen
An organism that causes disease
mode of transmission
Specific ways in which microorganisms travel from the reservoir to the suseptible host
Reservoir
The place where an infectious agent (microorganism) can survive.
portal of exit
a way for the infectious agent to escape from the reservoir in which it has been growing
a vector transmitted disease is spread by..
an animal
sources of infection can be...
an animal carrying a pathogen, unclean surfaces, someone carrying the bad pathogen
portal of entry
any body opening on an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter
an example of a fungus is...
athletes foot
an example of a causative agent might be...
bacteria, pathogens, viruses
example of portal of entry
breaks in the skin, respiratory tract, digestive tract, mucous membrane, catheters/tubs/IV
you can break the chain by...
cleaning, sterilizing, disinfecting
to block the infectious agent you might...
cover your mouth when sneezing, wear gloves, wear masks
break the chain of infection- reservoir
dx and tx, quarantine, isolation, surveillance (containing the thing where infection lives)
example of medical asepsis
hand washing, PPE, basic hygiene, clean linens
breaking the chain of infection- portal of entry
hand washing, PPE, insect repellant, personal hygiene, wound care
breaking the chain of infection- portal of exit
hand washing, PPE, personal hygiene (things to keep the agent from leaving your body to another person ex coughing and sneezing you should wash your hands and wear a mask)
breaking the chain of infection- mode of transmission
hand washing, disinfectants, cleaning, sterilization, PPE, pest control, isolation, sneeze glass/barrier
the chain of infection deals with...
how a disease spreads
examples of reservoir
human body, environmental (soil), rodents, birds, water, equipment, food, water
Your body is a great place for pathogens to grow because...
it's warm, it has food, it has water
examples of direct contact
kissing, body lesions, physically touching
to stop the agent from entering the host you might...
maintain skin integrity, get all your immunizations, get proper nutrition and exercise
what link is broken when disinfecting door knobs and phones
mode of transmission, reservoir
what link is broken when administering a vaccine
new host/susceptible host
examples of portal of exit
open skin/wound, splatter of body fluid, aerosols (sneeze, coughs), urethra, vagina, rectum
Breaking the chain of infection- pathogen
pasteurization, chlorination, disinfectants (things that kill the infection in the first place)
select the correct order of the chain of infection model
pathogen, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
PPE
personal protective equipment
medical asepsis
practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens; synonym for clean technique, sterilization
You can break the chain between the reservoir and the point of exit by...
using proper hygiene
breaking the chain of infection- susceptible host
vaccine/immunizations, continued tx of underlying conditions (diabetes, heart disease), insurance, healthy behavior
examples of pathogen
virus, bacteria, fungi, parasite
examples of susceptible host
young (5 or younger), elder population, immunosuppressed, anyone- depends on pathogen
