Chap 10, lesson 2- Peasants, Trade, and Cities

What was one thing that aided the growth of farming?

Technology including the Carucca

What were some of the main trading centers in Europe?

Venice, Italy and towns in Flanders(area along the coast of present-day Belgium and northern France

What were medieval walls surrounded with for protection?

Walls

What were some reasons the Lord's increased townspeoples rights?

People needed freedom to trade, and Lord's saw they could make money by selling rights and liberties to townspeople

In medieval Europe, a peasant legally bound to the land who had to provide labor services, pay rents, and be subject to the Lord's control

Serf

What increased the food production?

Shifting from two field to a three field crop rotation

A wealthy, powerful landowner

patrician

What was the Hanseatic League?

A medical trade association that developed in the Baltic and North Sea region. An alliance of more than 100 European countries about mutaul trade protection and economic opportunities

What was commercial capitalism?

An economic system in which people invested in trade and goods for profit

The middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people

Bourgeoisie

A heavy, wheeled plow with an iron plowshare

Carruca

True or false: Lord's had political authority on their lands, which didn't give them the right to try peasants in court

False, they did have the right to try them in a court

In medieval Europe, and agricultural estate that a Lord ran and peasants worked

Manor

What important role did guilds play in the economic life of cities?

They set the standards for the quality of the articles oroduced, and they determined the number of people who could enter a specific trade