Chap 14 Digestive System and Metabolism

The number of permanent teeth within a full set of adult teeth is ________. A) 20 B) 24 C) 28 D) 32 E) 36

32

The process of physically and chemically breaking food particles down is referred to as ________. A) digestion B) defecation C) ingestion D) absorption

A digestion

The number of baby teeth a child has is ________. A) 12 B) 20 C) 28 D) 32

B 20

The three subdivisions of the small intestine are ________. A) cecum, colon, rectum B) duodenum, jejunum, ileum C) cardiac, body, pylorus D) ileum, cecum, rectum

B duodenum jejunum ilieum

The ________ runs from the pharynx through the diaphragm to the stomach. A) trachea B) esophagus C) larynx D) small intestine

B esophagus

The two intrinsic nerve plexuses serving the alimentary canal are the ________. A) solar; sympathetic B) submucosa; myenteric C) autonomic; somatic D) mucosa; submucosa

B submucosa myenteric

Cells abundant within the large intestine that produce large amounts of lubricating mucus to aid in the passage of feces to the end of the digestive tract are called ________. A) parietal cells B) chief cells C) goblet cells D) enteroendocrine cells

C goblet cells

Intrinsic factor, produced by cells in the stomach, is necessary for the absorption of vitamin ________ in the small intestine. A) B9 B) B3 C) B6 D) B12

D B12

The portion of the tooth embedded in the jawbone is the ________. A) neck B) enamel C) crown D) root

D Root

Which one of the following represents the correct order through which food passes in the alimentary canal? A) mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine B) mouth, esophagus, pharynx, stomach, small intestine, large intestine C) pharynx, mouth, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine D) mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine E) mouth, pharynx, esophagus, small intestine, stomach, large intestine

D mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

) Watery stools that result when food residue is rushed through the large intestine before sufficient water has been reabsorbed, causing dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, is called constipation

False

What lymphatic tissue in the submucosa of the small intestine prevents bacteria from entering the blood? A) Peyer's patches B) rugae C) appendix D) circular folds (plicae circulares) E) lacteals

Peyer's patches

The small intestine extends from the ________. A) cardioesophageal sphincter to the pyloric sphincter (valve) B) pyloric sphincter (valve) to the ileocecal valve C) ileocecal valve to the appendix D) appendix to the sigmoid colon E) cardioesophageal sphincter to ileocecal valve

Pyloric sphincter

Bile is produced by the liver but stored in the gallbladder.

True

The tongue is anchored to the floor of the mouth by the lingual frenulum.

True

One of the main functions of the small intestine is ________. A) absorption of nutrients B) absorption of water C) waste secretion D) vitamin conversion E) mineral secretion

absorption of nutrients

Fat oxidation products can acidify the blood, a condition known as ________. A) cirrhosis B) alkalosis C) acidosis or ketoacidosis D) hepatitis

acidosis or ketoacidosis

Proteins are digested to their building blocks which are called ________.A) peptides B) amino acids C) polypeptides D) fatty acids E) glycerol

amino acids

When digestion is not occurring in the small intestine, bile is stored in the ________. A) liver B) gallbladder C) pancreas D) spleen

b gallbladder

The active, voluntary process of placing food in one's mouth is ________. A) defecation B) ingestion C) mastication D) deglutition

b ingestion

Bile is formed by the ________. A) spleen B) liver C) gallbladder D) pancreas

b liver

The enzyme produced by the salivary glands used in the breakdown of starches is salivary ________. A) chymotrypsin B) nuclease C) amylase D) lipase

c amlyase

The innermost layer of the alimentary canal is referred to as the ________.A) serosa B) submucosa C) mucosa D) muscularis externa

c mucosa

The ________ sphincter, or valve, controls food movement from the stomach into the small intestine. A) ileocecal B) cardioesophageal C) pyloric D) anal

c pyloric

The fingerlike projections of the small intestine increase the surface area and are known as ________. A) haustra B) cilia C) villi D) rugae Answer:

c villi

What sphincter regulates the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach?A) internal anal sphincter B) external anal sphincter C) ileocecal sphincter D) pyloric sphincter E) cardioesophageal sphincter

cardio esophageal sphincter

The process of eliminating indigestible residues from the GI tract is called ________. A) deglutition B) segmentation C) mastication D) defecation

d defecation

) The process of chewing is known as ________. A) deglutition B) segmentation C) peristalsis D) mastication

d mastication

What organ stores bile when food digestion is not occurring? A) liver B) pancreas C) gallbladder D) spleen E) the body has no capacity for bile storage

gallbladder

What do the enteroendocrine cells of the stomach produce? A) pepsin B) hydrochloric acid C) intrinsic factor D) gastrin E) gastric juice

gastrin

The anterior chisel-shaped teeth that are adapted for cutting are called ________. A) incisors B) canines C) premolars D) molars E) wisdom teeth

incisors

The organ responsible for drying out indigestible food residue through water absorption and the elimination of feces is the ________.A) stomach B) large intestine C) small intestine D) pancreas E) liver

large intestine

Which one of the following is continuous with the esophagus? A) nasopharynx B) oropharynx C) linguopharynx D) laryngopharynx E) esophagopharynx

laryngopharnyx

________ refers to all chemical reactions necessary to maintain life. A) Digestion B) Metabolism C) Homeostasis D) Nutrition

metabolism

Digestion is primarily controlled by the ________. A) sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system B) medulla oblongata C) somatic nervous system D) pons E) parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

parasympathetic division

Which of the following is the outermost layer of the GI tract that lines the abdominopelvic cavity?A) mucosa B) submucosa C) visceral peritoneum D) muscularis externa E) parietal peritoneum

parietal peritoneum

Hydrochloric acid is necessary in the stomach for the conversion of pepsinogen to ________. A) acid B) rennin C) pepsin D) rugae E) gastrin

pepsin

The propulsive process that moves food from one organ to the next is called ________.A) ingestion B) peristalsis C) digestion D) mastication E) absorption

peristalis

Amylase is an enzyme that is only able to digest ________. A) protein B) starch C) fat D) vitamins E) minerals

starch

Which digestive system organ is the target of gastrin? A) esophagus B) pancreas C) stomach D) small intestine E) liver

stomach