Chap 3 and 4 Driver Ed

INTERSECTIONS

**An intersection is where two or more roads cross or merge at angles, most collisions occur at intersections** *CONTROLLED INTERSECTION*: at a multi-way stop or stop intersection, yield to the right or both motorists get there at the same time *UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTION*: when two or more roads join and there is no traffic signal or regulatory device -As a motorists nears a crossroad that is not controlled he/she must reduce speed and be ready to stop if any traffic is coming from the right or left -A motorist coming from a private road or driveway must yield to all traffic on the main road(although a motorist can never be sure that will occur) -As a general rule, always yield to the vehicle on the right. When a traffic signal is not illuminated because of a power failure or other malfunction, the traffic signal is observed as a 4-way stop signal

YIELDING THE RIGHT-OF-WAY

*Although laws govern the right-of-way, a motorist should always be prepared to yield. These basic rules always apply:* -Emergency vehicles: when police cars, fire engines, and ambulances are giving warning signs (sirens, flashing lights) -Buses: when re-entering the flow of traffic -Postal Vehicles: when re-entering the flow of traffic -Pedestrians: when in a crosswalk or seeking to cross a road -Motorized or mobility-assistance devices: when in a crosswalk or seeking to cross a road -Other vehicles that are already in the intersection

BLIND INTERSECTION: TRAFFIC CIRCLE:

*BLIND INTERSECTION*: Stop, then make sure for no crossing traffic *TRAFFIC CIRCLE*: Follow all traffic control signs, such as stop or yield signs. Follow the flow of traffic and take extreme caution

When should BRAKE LIGHTS and INTERIM (overhead) LIGHTS and DASHBOARD LIGHTS be on?

*BRAKE LIGHTS* These lights become brighter when a motorist applies the brakes *INTERIM (overhead) LIGHTS* Should be used only briefly (when necessary) with a police officer's request to light up the motorist's glove box or interior of vehicle when stopped *DASHBOARD LIGHTS* May create a glare for the motorists and impede vision. The lights should be kept dim but still light enough for a motorist to read the dials

Fatal conditions of Carbon monoxide include

*Fatal condition can include:* -Operating a vehicle w/ an exhaust leak/ poorly tuned engine -Operating a vehicle w/ the truck/ rear tailgate open -Operating a vehicle w/ holes in the body of the vehicle -Idling a vehicle in a garage or confined space, even w/ the outside garage door open -Operating a vehicle w/ a tailpipe that is blocked by debris, including, snow, leaves or water

Car condition 2

*HORN* - should not be overused, motorist should check often to make sure it works. Use the horn to signal when passing or when coming out of a blind alley, curve or driveway. *STEERING* - on straight level roads a vehicle should hold a straight course. The front end should not vibrate (shimmy). Steering wheel should respond to a motorist's turns. *TAIL LIGHTS* - Always keep tail and side lights in working order. Signal motorists in the dark and prevent accidents. *TIRES* - If motorist feels or hears any unusual thumping while driving, he/she should check the tires. Tire pressure should be checked often, especially in cold weather. No less than 1/16 of tread (about the edge of a penny)

DISABLED VEHICLES

*Reduce speed and increased the space between his/her vehicle and the disabled vehicle. This may involve changing lanes. --Be alert for pedestrians, tow trucks and/or police vehicles.* #If a motorist's vehicle becomes disabled, he/she must:# -Pull of as far as possible onto the shoulder or median -Turn on emergency flashers -Raise the hood to signal for assistance Stay in the vehicle and lock the doors -Ask anyone who stops to go to a phone and call for assistance *DO NOT get into a stranger's vehicle*

when should SPOTLIGHTS and FOG LIGHTS be on?

*SPOTLIGHTS* These types of lights should be used only in emergencies. This also applies to emergency flashers (hazard lights). Spotlights may not be used for driving purposes *FOG LIGHTS* Low-beam headlights to provide general lighting ahead of a motor vehicle

car condition 3

*TURN SIGNALS* - hear the clicking and see the lighted arrows flash on the dashboard. If they do not work must be fixed ASAP. *WINDSHIELD* - Clean and no chips or cracks. *SNOW AND ICE* - State Law requires a motorist to remove snow or ice from a vehicle before driving it, this includes the hood, trunk, roof and windshield. Failure to do so results in a fine.

Which way should the wheels be turned when parking...Uphill Downhill

*Uphill*: Away from the curve because the *Downhill*: Towards the hill so if the car moves you can stop it

Air Bag - Kill Switches

-*Driver-and-passenger-side air bags*: For individuals with medical conditions when the risks of a deploying air bag exceed the risks of impacting the steering wheel, dashboard or windshield *Driver-side air bags ONLY*: For individuals who cannot properly operate the vehicle and keep at least 10 inches between the center of the steering wheel and the center of the breastbone -*Passenger-side air bags ONLY*: For individuals who must place infants in the front seat because the vehicle has no rear seat (ex. pickup truck) or the rear seat is too small to hold the child's rear-facing seat, or the motorist must monitor the child's medical condition.

stopping distance for EMERGENCY VEHICLES

-300 feet behind a singaling emergency vehicle. Police cars, fire trucks, ambulances or other emergency vehicles have sirens and red lights. -A motorist should never park within 200 feet of a fire department vehicle in service or drive over a fire hose unless directed to do so by a fire, emergency rescue or police official.

STOPPING - Motorists MUST STOP:

-At an intersection with a stop sign -At a red light either flashing or illuminated -At a yellow light after a green, unless too close to stop safely -When a traffic officer orders the vehicle to stop -When there is a yield sign, and traffic does not permit a safe merge -When a school bus is picking up or letting off children and/or the red lights are flashing -When coming from an alley, private driveway or building -At a bridge span that is about to open for boat traffic -For a blind pedestrian using a white or metallic walking cane, or a trained guide dog, or a guide dog instructor engaged in instructing a guide dog -For a pedestrian in a crosswalk or at an intersection -For a motorized wheelchair or mobility-assistance device in a crosswalk or at an intersection

TIPS for Seat Belt Use

-Buckle up with BOTH lap & shoulder belts every trip -Wear lap belt under abdomen & low across the hips, shoulder portion should come over collar bone, away from neck, and cross over breast bone -Know how to adjust seat belts and how to release them if passengers have to quickly get out of vehicle -Buckle up if riding in backseat, use center belts if those seats are used -NEVER put more than one person in one belt

SPEED CONTROL

-Exceeding the speed limit is a common contributing factor of fatal and other types of accidents. A good rule is to keep up with the flow of traffic at any legal speed. In order to make safe emergency stops when necessary, it is important to keep enough distance from surrounding traffic. -Motorist should judge his/her speed control by existing conditions (weather, traffic) -Speed Limits (Unless otherwise posted) -Motorists pay double fines for exceeding the 65mph limit by 10 mph or more

CELL PHONES - for emergency use only:

-Fire -Traffic Accident -Serious road hazard -Medical Emergency -Hazardous material emergency *Motorists in the above-mentioned circumstances must keep one hand on the steering wheel while using a handheld telephone. To prove legal use of a handheld telephone while operating a motor vehicle, a motorist may be asked to produce testimony or written statements from appropriate authorities, or telephone records* -Fines for breaking this law range between $100 and $250

Most Common Symptoms of CO poisoning:

-Headache -Dizziness -Loss of consciousness -Nausea/ Vomiting -Chest Pain -Confusion *** If you suspect that someone is suffering from CO poisoning, it is important to immediately remove that person from the sources of the CO and CALL 9-1-1

Headlights must be used

-Headlights must be used between one-half hour after sunset and one-half hour before sunrise *HEADLIGHTS MUST BE ON* When using windshield wipers (during rain, snow and ice) or when encountering fog, mist, smoke or other factors that reduce visibility.

"BUCKLE UP" Seat Belts SAVE LIVES!!!

-Improves chance of surviving a crash by 60% -Survival 3 to 4 times better with a seat belt -Seat belt & shoulder strap MUST be worn properly -Fastening a seat belt takes ONLY 3 seconds, greatly reduces chance of death or serious injury

KEEPING TO THE RIGHT

-Motorists must drive on the right half of the roadway as close as possible to the right hand edge or curb, except when overtaking and passing another vehicle -On a multi-lane or more highway, motorists must drive in right lane, except when overtaking another vehicle or in preparation for a left turn

ENTERING HIGHWAYS, PARKWAYS & TURNPIKES

-Obey posted advisory speed limits (if any) at the entrance ramp -Speed up to the flow of traffic when leaving the acceleration lane -Avoid coming to a complete stop in the acceleration lane -Yield to traffic and enter the right-hand lane when safe

DO NOT PARK

-On a crosswalk -Between a safety zone for pedestrians and the adjacent curb or within 20 feet of the end of the safety zone -Near properly marked street construction -In a space on public of private property marked for vehicle parking for the handicapped (unless legally authorized) -On an interstate highway -On a sidewalk -In a bus stop zone -In front of a public of private driveway -Within an intersection *Within 10 feet of a fire hydrant* *Within 25 feet of a crosswalk at an intersection*, or side line of a street or intersection highway, except alleys *Within 50 feet of a railroad crossing*

PASSING IS NOT SAFE WHEN:

-On a hill or a curve or at any time he/she cannot see far enough ahead -At a street crossing or intersection -At a railroad crossing -On narrow bridges or in underpasses or tunnels -When a sign prohibits passing or center lines restrict passing -When behind a vehicle that has stopped to let a pedestrian cross

ALWAYS SLOW DOWN when:

-On narrow or winding roads and hills -At intersections or railroad crossings -At sharp or blind curves -Where there are pedestrians or driving hazards or poor weather conditions -When the road is wet or slippery

When do you pass?

-Pass when line is broken -do not pass when 1 line is solid -No passing when double lines are solid

What makes an intersection controlled?

-Police officer -Traffic signals -signs

What are speed limits for the following areas? School zone Certain Highways Highways where fines are doubled

-School zone 25mph -Certain Highways (local highways) 55 mph -(interstate highways) Highways where fines are doubled 65mph

Air Bags

-Standard equipment in most new cars -1987 - 2015 front air bags saved the lives of 44, 869 front-seat drivers -Air bags inflate at speeds of up to 200mph -When air bags are combined with lap/shoulder seat belts, they have saved many adult lives and prevented many injuries in motor vehicle crashes. However, air bags could seriously injure or kill children who are sitting in the front seat

LEAVING HIGHWAYS, PARKWAYS & TURNPIKES

-Start slowing down when entering a deceleration lane -Obey the posted advisory speed limit of the deceleration lane -When the exit is located on the left of a roadway, look for signs that will direct traffic to the proper lane for exiting -If you miss an exit, go on to the next one -Never back up on an exit ramp or deceleration lane

Seat Belt Law

-The driver is RESPONSIBLE for all passengers under 18 years old -All front seat passengers MUST wear a seat belt -Passengers 18 yrs and older are responsible for themselves -GDL permits or probationary licenses MUST wear seat belts & MUST require all passengers seated anywhere in vehicle to use seat belts -A police officer CAN STOP a motorist solely for a violation of the seat belt law

Why do seat belts help motorists?

-They keep motosists and passengers from being thrown from the vehicle -They keep a motorist/passenger from sliding on the seat during sudden stops -They slow a body down with the vehicle

Waste (LITTER):

-Throwing trash, debris or rubbish from a moving or parking vehicle is illegal -Litter is a safety hazard and an eyesore. -Fines up to $1,000

Car Seats

-Traffic accidents are a leading killer of children -Restraint systems must meet all Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards -Whenever possible, child car safety seats should be in the backseat -NEVER place rear-facing infant safety seat in the front seat of a vehicle with a front passenger-side air bag

DO NOT PARK CONTINUE..

-Within 50 feet of a stop sign -Within 20 feet of the driveway entrance to any fire station and within 75 feet on the street opposite a fire station entrance -On any bridge or elevated roadway or in any tunnel -Next to another vehicle parked at the curb (double parking) -In an area where parking is prohibited by municipal ordinance -In case of mechanical trouble or other emergency, a motorist should stop on the right highway shoulder and turn on emergency flasher.

PEDESTRIANS - Motorist MUST:

-Yield to pedestrians in crosswalks (failure to yield carries a $500 fine, up to 25 days in jail, and a 2-point license penalty) (Used to be 15 days $100) -Watch for pedestrians when turning right on red -Be alert for pedestrians at all times (esp. turning right on red) -Never pass another vehicle that has stopped to yield to a pedestrian -Yield the right-of-way to all pedestrians in a crosswalk always, even if they are in the crosswalk when the signal is no longer telling them to walk

1) When both center lines are solid passing is allowed T/F 2) when one center line is broken passing is allowed on the side of the broken line T/F

1) F 2) T

you cannot park within how many feel of a fire hydrant?

10

A motorist should turn on the turn signal at least how many feet?

100

A motorist must stop at least ___feet away from railroad crossings when there are flashing lights and ringing bells.

15

State law requires motorists to stop at least___feet from a stopped school bus

25

The speed limit in a school zone is ___MPH

25

SPEED LIMITS

25 mph - School zones, business or residential districts 35 mph - Suburban business and residential districts 50 mph - Non-posted rural roadways 55 mph - Certain state and interstate highways as posted 65 mph - Certain interstate highways, as posted

you cannot park within how many feet of a stop sign?

50

What distance should you be from the curb when parallel parking?

6 inches

At what position should your hands be at in order to steer properly?

9 and 3 (in middle)

For normal driving, a motorist should grip the steering wheel by the outside rim at the __ and __ o'clock positions, keeping his/her thumb along the face of the wheel.

9 and 3 o'clock positions

Stopping distance for school bus:

A motorist must stop for a school bus with flashing red lights at least 25 feet away When traveling on a dual-lane highway, a motorist mustl slow to 10 mph if on the other side of a safety island or raised median

CONSTRUCTION AREAS:

A motorist should always stay alert for construction-area warning signs. When coming across these areas, a motorist should adjust speed and adjust position to maintain space around his/her vehicle. *fines are doubled in a construction zone*

The extra lane used at the highway entrance is called the ____lane

Acceleration lane

What is the name of the lane that is used to enter a highway?

Acceleration lane

What are safe corridors?

Areas where fines are doubled for aggressive driving.

TOLL BOOTHS:

Begin reducing speed early, as traffic may be backed up at the booth. Green lights or signals will highlight open booths. Be aware of EZ PASS booths and lanes, including high-speed EZ PASS lanes. When exiting toll booths, a motorist should search traffic to both sides for merging potential, accelerate smoothly and adjust speed.

What is the name of the lane that is used to exit a highway (and do not write exit)?

Deceleration lane

What are some symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning?

Headache, dizziness, loss of consciousness, nausea/vomiting, chest pain, confusion.

What is a controlled intersection?

It is one with a traffic signal or device or a captor controlling traffic

A 3-point Turn is also known as a____

K Turn

New Jersey's car seat law (children under the age of 2 and weight less than 30 lbs)

Must be in a rear-facing car seat with a 5 point harness. The car seat must be in a rear seat of the vehicle.

What is an uncontrolled intersection?

No signals or signs or device or no one there to control the traffic

When should you use "high beam" headlights?

On open country driving.

PASSING IS SAFE WHEN:

One center line is broken: Passing is allowed only on the side with the broken line Both center lines are broken: Passing allowed on both sides These two rules ONLY apply if there is no oncoming traffic NOTE: All passing must be completed before the center lines are solid again

What should you do if you drive through a puddle?

Pump brakes

Stopping distance for railroad crossing:

RAILROAD CROSSING Motorist must stop at least 15 feet from railroad crossings when there are flashing lights, ringing bells or flag signals

Car Condition

Responsibility of vehicle owner to ensure proper working condition of their vehicle. Always check your vehicle before driving to prevent problems with regular maintenance and care. -*BACKUP LIGHTS* - When driving in reverse, backup lights should be on. -*BRAKES* - Motorist should be able to brake smoothly & quickly. Should be able to stop within 25 feet at 20mph. -*ABS* - Antilock Braking System -*BRAKE LIGHTS* - If brake lights are not working a driver could be hit from back -*HEADLIGHTS* - Bright and dim lights must work and be in line. Lights should be kept clean.

Describe the body position for driving in reverse (Straight).

Right arm behind the passengers seat and left hand on top of steering wheel (12 o clock and head looking out of the window

Stopping distance for ICE CREAM (FROZEN DESSERT) TRUCK

STOP, then drive past the truck at a slow speed of no more than 15 mph. WATCH FOR CHILDREN!

What are 5 influencing factors of stopping distances?

Speed, tire conditions, brake conditions, road conditions, the weight of the car, your reaction time.

The seat-belt law states that all passengers must wear their seat-belts. Failure to wear one can result in a ticket. Who is responsible?

The driver is responsible.

What is the proper technique to check a blind spot?

Turn your head quickly to see

Children must be in a car seat/booster seat under what age and height?

Under 8 and less than 4'9'' in

When can a vehicle with ABS (anti-lock braking system) be brought out of control?

When you slam the breaks and jerking the steering wheels at 35mph

When traveling on a dual-lane highway what should you do when there is a school bus on the opposite side?

You must slow down to 10 miles per hr

Pedestrians are a major concern for drivers. What must they do for a pedestrian in a crosswalk? What are the penalties?

You must stop, penalties are a fine of up to $500 and 2 points on your license.

What should you do when entering a curve?

You slow down

What would you do if you are driving on an open country road and your high beams on and there's a car approaching you... do you keep the high beams on or do you put the lights back to normal?

back to normal because you can blind the other person that is in front of you

New Jersey's car seat law (ages 4 to 8 and less that 57" 4'9",

child must be seated in either a car seat with a 5 pt harness or a booster seat, also in the rear seat of the vehicle.

New Jersey's Car seat law (from age 2 through 4 and weighting up to 40 lbs)

children must be secured in a seat with a 5 point harness, either rear-facing (up to weight and height limits of the particular seat), or forward-facing in the rear seat of the vehicle.

The extra lane used at the highway exit is called the ___lane

deceleration lane

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

is an odorless, colorless gas that is present in a vehicle's exhaust.

New Jersey's car seat law ( ages 8 and up

must wear a seatbelt)

The most common type of parking on city streets is___

parallel parking

The motorist/driver is responsible for all passengers ___the age of 18

under