Chap. 7 Blood and Blood-Forming Organs Diseases and Disorders (MC)

lymphatic

A Reed-Sternberg cell is present in the ______ tissue in Hodgkin's disease.

differential

A _______ is a test that provides a detailed count identifying the number of each type of leukocyte.

Leukocytosis

A condition of an increase in WBCs that is a normal response to acute infection is ______.

Thrombocytopenia

A decrease in platelets that leads to coagulation problems is ______.

blood smear

A microscopic examination that identifies the shape of the cells and platelets is a ______.

bleeding time

A test to measure the time it takes the blood to clot is called a ______.

A

Acute forms of leukemia occur more in children. a. True b. False

pancytopenia

An absence or a severe decrease of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes is known as _____.

sickle

An elongated cell with abnormal hemoglobin is called a _____ cell.

dyspnea

Anemic individuals can suffer from shortness of breath, or ______.

anemia

Any decrease in oxygen-carrying ability of the RBC is called ______.

hemarthrosis

Bleeding into the joints is called _____.

A

Blood and blood-forming organs are also called: a. hematologic system b. cardiovascular system c. hemolytic system d. lymphocyte system

plasma

Blood components are approximately 55% _____.

anemia

Erythrocytopenia leads to ______.

B

Folic acid is a ______ complex vitamin necessary for the maturation of RBCs.

C

Foods recommended for the individual with a folic acid deficiency would include: a. milk and cheeses b. beef and chicken c. green vegetables and mushrooms d. breads and grains

A

Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder characterized by abnormally slow clotting and long bleeding times. a. True b. False

B

In which phase of blood coagulation is prothrombin converted to thrombin? a. First phase b. Second phase c. Fourth phase d. Third phase

hormones

One function of the blood is to transport ______ secreted by the endocrine system.

B

Pernicious anemia is caused by which of the following? a. Dietary deficiency of vitamin B12 b. Blocked secretion of the intrinsic factor c. Failure of bone marrow to produce blood components d. Increased destruction of RBCs

B

Pernicious anemia usually affects younger individuals. a. True b. False

D

Prothrombin and fibrinogen are produced by what organ or structure in the body? a. In the bone marrow b. In the spleen c. In the lymph nodes d. In the liver

D

Purplish color of the skin caused by hemorrhage is known as: a. hematuria b. epistaxis c. petechiae d. purpura

C

Sickle cell anemia causes an abnormal sickle shape of which blood cells? a. Thrombocytes b. Leukocytes c. Erythrocytes d. Monocytes

CBC

The acronym for a common blood test that measures the number of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets is _______.

sicle cell anemia

The hemoglobin electrophoresis test is used to diagnose _______.

B

The individual with a bleeding disorder should avoid which of the following activities? a. Using mouthwash b. Shaving with a straight razor c. Eating solid foods d. Jogging

B

The international normalized ratio (INR) is also used to measure: a. average hemoglobin content b. bleeding time c. Hct d. Hgb

A

The most common disorder of the blood in the older adult is anemia. a. True b. False

C

The purpose of the screening test for sickle cell anemia is to determine: a. whether the individual is a carrier of the sickle cell trait. b. the presence of the sickle-shaped hemoglobin. c. the severity of the disease. d. whether the individual will eventually develop sickle cell anemia

D

The solid portion of blood is mostly composed of: a. red blood cells b. white blood cells c. platelets d. all of the above

A

There is no cure for sickle cell disease. a. True b. False

polycythemia

Too many blood cells is called ______.

hematemesis

Vomiting blood is called _____.

D

What is a severe decrease or total absence of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes called? a. Erythrocytopenia b. Leukocytopenia c. Lymphopenia d. Pancytopenia

A

What is another name for Von Willebrand's disease? a. Angiohemophilia b. Polycythemia vera c. Ecchymoses d. Erythrocytosis.

B

What is the cause of infectious mononucleosis? a. Person's own immune system b. Epstein-Barr virus c. Deficiency in clotting factor d. The loss of whole blood

A

What is the major blood cell-producing organ in the body? a. Bone marrow b. Spleen c. Lymph nodes d. Liver

D

What is the most common disorder of the blood in the older adult? a. Folic acid deficiency anemia b. Sickle cell anemia c. Thalassemia d. Anemia

C

What is the term for when cells are broken down too soon? a. Extracted b. Deoxygenated c. Hemolyzed d. Reoxygenated

B

What term refers to blood in the urine? a. Epistaxis b. Hematuria c. Purpura d. Petechiae

B

What type of anemia primarily affects people of Mediterranean descent? a. Aplastic b. Thalassemia c. Hemorrhagic d. Hemolytic

C

What type of lymphoma is also known as NHL? a. Hodgkin's disease b. Multiple myeloma c. Lymphosarcoma d. Thrombocytopenia

A

Which blood test measures the average hemoglobin content? a. MCH b. MCHC c. Hct d. MCV

D

Which blood test measures the average size of the red blood cell? a. Hct b. Hgb c. MCH d. MCV

C

Which cancer has a poor prognosis, and death is usually within 2 to 3 years as a result of infection and kidney failure? a. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma b. Hodgkin's disease c. Multiple myeloma d. Thalassemia

D

Which disease affecting the blood cells causes a decrease in platelets? a. Erythrocytopenia b. Erythrocytosis c. Leukocytopenia d. Thrombocytopenia

C

Which disease affecting the blood cells causes an increase in platelets? a. Leukocytopenia b. Erythrocytopenia c. Thrombocytosis d. Erythrocytosis

B

Which disease causes hereditary, congenital bleeding disorders of the clotting factors and platelet functions? a. Thalassemia b. Von Willebrand's disease c. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) d. Hemophilia

C

Which disease is a malignant neoplasm of the blood-forming organs? a. Thalassemia b. Von Willebrand's Disease c. Leukemia d. Hemophilia

A

Which is the most curable form of cancer? a. Hodgkin's disease b. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma c. Multiple myeloma d. Lymphomas

D

Which of the following are important in infection prevention? a. Plasma b. Erythrocytes c. Platelets d. Leukocytes

B

Which of the following filters microorganisms from the blood? a. Liver b. Spleen c. Bone marrow d. Lymph nodes

A

Which of the following is a major function of red blood cells (erythrocytes)? a. Transportation of oxygen from lungs to the tissues b. Metabolism of nutrients c. Protection from infection d. Production of lymphocytes

D

Which of the following is important in the transport of oxygen? a. Prothrombin b. Fibrinogen c. Leukocytes d. Hemoglobin

B

Which type of anemia is characterized by failure of the bone marrow to produce blood components? a. Hemorrhagic anemia b. Aplastic anemia c. Hemolytic anemia d. Pernicious anemia

C

Which type of blood has A and B antigens? a. Type A b. Type B c. Type AB d. Type O

D

Which type of blood has neither A nor B antigens? a. Type AB b. Type A c. Type B d. Type O

Hemmorrhagic

_____ anemia causes low or decreased blood volume and can lead to hypovolemic shock.

Petechiae

_____ are small hemorrhages in the skin.

Hemolyzed

______ cells are ones that are broken down.

Leukocytopenia

______ weakens the immune system.

hemolytic

_______ anemia can be brought on by exposure to chemicals such as benzene.

Hemorrhagic

_______ anemia is caused by the loss of whole blood.

Aplastic

_______ anemia is due to injury or destruction of the blood-forming area of the bone marrow.

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

_______ known as NHL has symptoms similar to Hodgkin's disease.

Hematocrit

_______ reflects the amount of red cell mass as a proportion of whole blood.