Chapter 01 Quiz: What Is Psychology?

Renee loves to contribute to the greater good and offers to participate in research conducted on her campus as often as she can. Why might Renee and others like her inadvertently contribute to inaccuracy in research?

Volunteer bias

Which of the following would allow research results to be generalized to a wider segment of the public?

A stratified sample

A statement about behavior or mental processes that is testable through research is also known as

a hypothesis.

Which of the following techniques best helps reduce the impact of expectations in the evaluation of research results?

Double-blind study

The physical, cognitive, social, and emotional changes that occur throughout the lifespan are studied by which of the following?

Developmental psychologists

Which of the following considers the potential harm of research methodology and weighs the potential benefits of research against the potential harm?

Ethics review committees

Which of the following can be attributed to William James?

He focused on the relationship between conscious experience and behavior.

A psychologist who studies how we perceive and mentally represent the world, how we learn and remember, how we plan and solve problems, and how we use language is a

cognitive psychologist.

When Haasita participates in research conducted through a university, they are provided information about the purpose of the research and the nature of any treatment they might receive. They can then decide to opt out or agree to participate. This process is known as

informed consent.

Research that is undertaken solely because the researcher is interested in the topic is called

pure research.

Which perspective assumes that thoughts, fantasies, dreams, and instinctive behavior patterns are made possible by the nervous system and the brain?

Biological

Akito is listening to the evening news with skepticism. He is evaluating the claims and comments of reporters before and after the program, and he seeks out additional evidence to examine. Akito is demonstrating which of the following?

Critical thinking

Which school of psychology emphasized the human tendency to organize perceptions into organized wholes?

Gestalt

Abdel was observing the behavior of a group of preschoolers on the playground to gather information on how they resolve conflict. What type of approach were they using?

Naturalistic observation

Which psychologist proposed that much of our life is governed by unconscious ideas and impulses that originate in childhood conflicts?

Sigmund Freud

Which statement best describes the work of clinical psychologists?

They help people with psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression adjust to the demands of life.

Which perspective stresses our capacity for self-fulfillment, self-awareness, freedom of choice, and ethical decision making?

Humanistic-existential

Which of the following is a principle of critical thinking?

Insist on evidence

Final exams are due soon, and Jan is feeling stressed due to her workload at school. As her stress level has increased, she has also experienced weight loss. The relationship between Jan's stress level and body weight is an example of a

negative correlation.

Dr. Jamison is researching truth in advertising and wants to find out whether a brand of fertilizer actually produces a higher crop yield as the ad claims. Dr. Jamison conducts an experiment during which some of their plants are provided fertilizer while others are not. In this experiment, the fertilizer is

the independent variable.