Chapter 1
Rank the organization levels. The lowest number corresponds with the most global and progresses to the atomic level. Note that not all levels are included in this question and therefore will not correspond to the labeling in the text.
1. Ecosystem 2. Organism 3. Organ System 4. Tissue 5. Cell 6. Molecule
The human genome consists of about ______ chemical letters.
3 billion
How do hypotheses differ from theories?
Theories are more comprehensive than hypotheses.
A genome is...
all of the genetic material of a creature
All of the following categories of creatures belong to Domain Eukarya except
bacteria
All of the following categories of creatures belong to Domain Eukarya except...
bacteria
How does taxonomy assist biologists?
by categorizing diverse items into smaller and smaller numbers of groups
Unequal reproductive success ______.
can lead to natural selection
Which of the following structures can perform all the activities required for life?
cells
Humans are ______
consumers
Which of the following is not recycled but is lost from ecosystems?
energy
Humans are composed of ______ cells.
eukaryotic
The branch of biology that explains both the diversity and the unity of life is ________.
evolution
One of the major criteria for dividing eukaryotic creatures is...
how it processes energy
A single simple cell is not simple because...
it can carry out all the functions of a complex creature
Relative to prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells are usually ______.
larger and more complex
Taxonomy is the ______.
naming and classifying of species
Which of these is most closely associated with Darwin?
natural selection
The DNA of a eukaryotic cell is found within the ______
nucleus
What are the two main processes that ecosystems depend upon?
nutrient recycling and energy flow
Which of the following are the proper components of the scientific method? Note that the order is not being assessed in this question, just the components.
observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment, results
What name is given to the functional compartments of a cell?
organelles
Members of the kingdom Plantae differ from members of the other kingdoms of Eukarya in that most members of the kingdom Plantae ______.
produce their own food
Over a span of two decades, scientists measured changes in the beak size of a population of Galápagos ground finches. This ______.
provided evidence of natural selection in action
In a scientific experiment, the control group ______.
serves as a basis of comparison with the experimental group
A hypothesis is a(n) ______.
tentative answer to a question
What does adaptation mean in a biological context?
the accumulation of favorable variations in a population over time
Science is ______.
the inquiry-based effort to describe and explain nature
Antibiotic resistance evolves in bacteria because ______.
the presence of antibiotics favors bacteria that already have genes for resistance
What is biology?
the scientific study of life
According to your text, a theory is...
a widely accepted explanation support by much evidence
Which of the following is not a characteristic of all living organisms? a. composed of multiple cells b. energy utilization c. complex yet organized d. capable of self-reproduction
A.
Which of these statements is correct? A) Scientific ideas are subjected to repeated testing. B) Science can be used to prove or disprove the idea that deities or spirits cause earthquakes and other natural disasters. C) Science does not require observations that other people can confirm. D) Only discovery science can lead to important conclusions about nature.
A.
Select which investigation would best be describes as hypothesis-driven science. a. An astronomer observes stars in various stages of formation b. A biologist predicts that a compound will stimulate plant growth, and applies it to various plants to check the prediction. c. A scientist takes samples of lake water at various times throughout a year. d. A biologist catalogs the species of plants in test plots in an ecosystem
B.
Which domain(s) consist(s) of prokaryotic cells?
Bacteria and Archae
In what way(s) is the science of biology influencing and changing our culture? A) by helping us understand the relevance of evolution to human health B) by revealing how mutations in genes can lead to disease C) by providing new tools for forensic investigations D) all of the above
D.
Which of these is required for natural selection to occur? A) inheritance B) unequal reproductive success C) individual variation D) all of the above
D.
Which of these would be a valid hypothesis? A) Human history is determined by a series of supernatural events. B) Humans should help in the conservation of other animal species. C) Humans are controlled by forces beyond our understanding. D) Humans and bacteria share a common genetic code.
D.
What are eukaryotic genes composed of?
DNA
What is the difference between discovery science and hypothesis-driven science?
Discovery science is mostly about describing nature, whereas hypothesis-driven science tries to explain nature
A newly discovered multicellular organism obtains food by digesting dead organisms. Such an organism is most likely a member of the kingdom ______.
Fungi
Which of these would be a valid scientific hypothesis?
Humans and bacteria share a common genetic code.
You try to start your car, but it does not start. Which of these is a prediction?
If I recharge the battery, then my car will start.
All of the following are names of the three domains except
Monera
You try to start your car, but it does not start. Which of these is a hypothesis?
My car's battery is dead.
Which of the following is a producer?
Oak Tree
Discovery science is primarily based on ______.
Observation
Which of the following is not a property of life?
Organisms move from place to place.
Which kingdom of Eukarya consists primarily of unicellular organisms?
Protista
Which of these statements is CORRECT?
Scientific ideas are subjected to repeated testing.
What is a gene?
a unit of inheritance