Chapter 1 (A&P)

Describe Anatomy

-The study of internal body structures -The study of external body structures -Oldest medical science

Organs in the thoracic cavity:

-Trachea -Thymus -Esophagus

Not true about negative feedback:

It changes the set point so the new conditions become the new normal.

Which of the following best explains the feedback that occurs during heat stroke?

It is positive feedback

Retroperitoneal organ

Kidney

Patella

Knee

The spleen is located in the __________ quadrant.

Left upper

Identify the quadrant that contains most of the stomach.

Left upper quadrant

Which of the following is a particularly good study strategy for auditory learners?

Listening to recorded lectures

The heart is _________ to the lungs.

Medial

If a response decreases a disturbance, the control system is classified as a ________ feedback system.

Negative

When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of...

Negative feedback

Visceral pericardium is located:

On the heart itself

What is the correct level of organization?

Organ level

Which four organ systems might be the most severely affected by the victim's injuries?

The four organ system that would most likely be affected are the integumentary, muscular, digestive, and cardiovascular system.

In the example provided about negative feedback and temperature regulation, which of the following acts as the control center?

The hypothalamus

You are a pathology intern at a prestigious medical school. Your instructor presents you with a box of leg bones and asks you to place them on the table in the correct anatomical position. You recall that anatomical position is determined __________.

in reference of the subject's right & left.

Anatomy is to ___________; as physiology is to __________.

structure; function

Using flash cards would be LEAST effective for which type of learner?

Auditory

Which of the following statements is NOT true about autopsies?

Autopsies are used exclusively for internal examinations of a cadaver.

In blood clotting, the platelets __________ to initiate the clotting process.

Aggregate

A chemical imbalance in the body can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn will cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view that...

All levels of organization within and organism are interdependent.

A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the ________ position.

Anatomical

Effective auscultation of the lungs relies on knowledge of which of the following anatomical concepts?

Anatomical landmarks

Records exist about ancient Greeks and Romans who performed dissections to get a better understanding of the structures that make up our body. Which of the following terms would best describe these early scientists?

Anatomists

The branch of biological science that studies the external & internal structure of the body and the physical relationship among body parts.

Anatomy

Same as ventral.

Anterior

The integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the...

Hypothalamus

The chin is _________ to the nose.

Inferior

An instructor projects a series of lecture slides on a screen during class, lecturing from those slides. If you are a visual learner, where would it be best for you to be seated?

Centered in front of the screen.

The analysis of internal structure of individual cells is called...

Cytology

Which of the following imaging techniques is used to monitor blood flow through specific organs, such as the brain, heart, lungs, and kidneys?

Digital subtraction angiography

The wrist is _________ to the elbow.

Distal

A cell or an organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is termed a(n):

Effector

In an outline format, which of the following would most likely be indented the most?

Examples

Jared was working in a hot dish room all afternoon, sweating. After his shift, he stepped out into a cold December night and got "goose bumps." What type of homeostatic regulation best describes these physiological responses?

Extrinsic regulation

If you tell your instructor what your learning style preference is, he or she will likely modify the instructional approach to accommodate your needs...

False

Most people have only one learning style preference.

False

A midsagittal section of the body would pass through the...

Heart

Visceral pericardium covers the ________.

Heart!

Which of the following is a particularly good strategy for a tactile learner?

Highlighting key points while reading the textbook.

Based on the passage, which of the following is the least likely cause of John's vomiting?

His headache

The central principle of physiology is...

Homeostasis

The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment in an organism is termed:

Homeostasis

The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions is called:

Homeostasis!

Physicians draw on numerous sources of information on patient health. The function of lungs, for instance, can be checked through careful listening with a stethoscope. Such practice is called auscultation and falls under which of the following particular physiological specialties?

Organ physiology

Moving from simpler to more complex, which level of organization is immediately before (simpler than) the cell?

Organelle

Based on the Biological Hierarchy of Organization, tissues join together to form what structures?

Organs

Which of the following organs is not contained within the abdominal cavity?

Ovary

Anatomical features that change during illness are studied in ________ anatomy.

Pathological

The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the following except:

Pelvic quadrant

Identify this cavity (picture):

Pericardial

The thoracic cavity contains the...

Pericardial & pleural cavities

Identify the structure located within the mediastinum.

Pericardial cavity

The membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the __________.

Peritoneum

The serous membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the...

Peritoneum

The branch of biological science that deals with the study of how living organisms perform their vital functions.

Physiology

If a response increases a disturbance, the control system is classified as a ________ feedback system.

Positive

This type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal.

Positive

A person lying face down is in the ________ position.

Prone

With regard to maintaining homeostasis, in a situation of negative feedback the __________ functions as a detector.

Receptor

With regard to maintaining homeostasis, in a positive feedback situation the stimulus is __________.

Reinforced

The liver is primarily located in the ________ quadrant.

Right upper

Sectional plane that cuts a person in half, from front to back.

Sagittal

Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?

Sagittal

During wind sprints for field hockey practice, Sarah noticed that her face felt very hot and looked red. Of the choices below, which would be considered the receptor(s) for the homeostatic response to Sarah's running?

Sarah's skeletal muscles & blood vessels.

If your body temperature is elevated, which of the following is least likely to re-establish temperature homeostasis?

Shivering

Based on this passage, which of the following is the most likely cause of John's headache in the morning?

Sinus congestion cause by his allergies.

A person lying on the bed and gazing at the ceiling is in the ________ position.

Supine

The study of the function of specific organ systems is called

Systemic physiology

Now that you have completed the Learning Style Assessment, your secondary learning style preference is:

Tactile

Which type of learner would likely learn the most by building models?

Tactile

An example of a receptor in a negative feedback loop controlling body temperature would be...

Temperature sensors on the skin that detect stimulus.

How are the victim's injuries affecting his ability to maintain homeostasis and what are the actions taken by the EMTs to combat that disruption?

The massive blood loss is going to have consequences to the ability to maintain adequate blood pressure and body fluid volume. The EMTs are administering IV fluids and trying to slow the bleeding by applying pressure.

Let's say a change occurs in the body that disrupts homeostasis. Which of the following best characterizes how positive feedback will affect the body's response?

The response will continue to increase.

Right pleural cavity contains

The right lung

The two major divisions of the ventral body cavity are the

Thoracic & abdominopelvic

The diaphragm muscle separates the ________ from the ________.

Thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavity

Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts?

Transverse

Which of the following is not considered an abdominopelvic region?

Upper

Least important when outlining a lecture...

Using numbers & letters at the start of each line

Another term for "anterior"...

Ventral

The __________ attaches to the surface of the heart.

Visceral pericardium

Now that you have completed the Learning Style Assessment, your primary learning style preference is:

Visual

Which of the following is a particularly good technique for visual learners?

Watching videos & animations

The common term for the carpal region is the...

Wrist

Which of the following is a good example of homeostasis?

You BP has been around 115/75 mm Hg for many years.

The mediastinum

separates the pleural cavities and includes the pericardial cavity.

Which abdominal organs are most likely to be injured by this stabbing?

the liver, gall bladder, stomach, and both the large & small intestines.