Chapter 1 Chemistry Test
A) water boils.
100°C represents the temperature at which A) water boils. B) water melts. C) water freezes. D) water sublimes.
B) solid.
A beaker contains a substance that takes up approximately half the volume of the beaker but does not touch all sides of the beaker. The substance must be a A) gas. B) solid. C) liquid. D) life-size model of Tom Cruise.
A) endothermic.
A chemical reaction has a ΔH of 2764 kJ. This indicates that the chemical reaction that took place was A) endothermic. B) exothermic. C) neutralization. D) solvation.
endothermic reaction
A reaction that absorbs heat from the surroundings
D) It is incorrect. Capture and collect all of the gases given off by the fire and combine these masses with the mass of the left over ashes. This should equal the mass of the original wood.
After some wood has completely burned in a fire, some of the matter that made up the wood has been destroyed. Is the statement correct or incorrect? Explain. A) It is correct. The ashes weigh less than the original wood and this proves that some of the mass was destroyed. B) It is incorrect. Ashes look different than wood but the mass of the ashes is the same as the mass of the original wood. C) It is incorrect. Look at the ashes under the microscope. These particles will look exactly like the particles in the wood. D) It is incorrect. Capture and collect all of the gases given off by the fire and combine these masses with the mass of the left over ashes. This should equal the mass of the original wood.
B) The particles slow down.
As matter changes state from gas to liquid, which of these statements is true? A) The particles speed up. B) The particles slow down. C) The particles get farther apart. D) The attractive force between the particles decreases.
A) The mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.
Based on the Law of Conservation of Matter, describe the relationship between the mass of the reactants and the mass of the products. A) The mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products. B) The mass of the reactants is less than the mass of the products. C) The mass of the reactants is greater than the mass of the products. D) The mass of the products is always greater than the mass of the reactants.
B) Silver reacts with nitric acid to produce a gas.
Brad and Juan conducted several tests to determine the properties of silver metal. They noted that is was white, and conducted both electricity and heat. They computed the density to be 10.49 g/cm3. Silver did not react with water but in nitric acid, gas was released. What evidence supports a chemical change in the silver? A) Silver conducts electricity. B) Silver reacts with nitric acid to produce a gas. C) The color of silver at room temperature is white. D) Silver conducted heat and as the temperature increased, became more malleable.
chemical
C/P-cooking an egg
B) saltwater has a lower freezing point
Considering the properties of saltwater and freshwater, which statement is true? A) saltwater has a lower boiling point B) saltwater has a lower freezing point C) freshwater has a lower freezing point D) freshwater has a higher boiling point
Mass/Volume
Density=
A) it gains energy.
Dry ice sublimes. It goes straight from a solid to a gas. What must happen to ice in order for this to occur? A) it gains energy. B) it loses energy. C) the molecules slow down. D) the temperature is very cold.
C) release of heat energy
During science lab, some students added small pieces of magnesium ribbon to 10 mL of hydrochloric acid. They noticed that bubbles formed, the test tube got hot, and the magnesium disappeared. Which is a sign that a chemical reaction has taken place in this experiment? A) change in odor B) change in color C) release of heat energy D) disappearance of magnesium
C) nonmetal
Elias observed a sample in the classroom. The sample was a liquid at room temperature. He performed a conductivity test and found that it did not conduct electricity. Which classification would best fit the sample? A) ionic B) metal C) nonmetal D) salt
B) mixtures; pure substances
Filtration is an example of a process that can be used to separate __________, but not __________. A) water; gas B) mixtures; pure substances C) pure substances; mixtures D) homogeneous mixtures; heterogeneous mixtures
C) 2 grams
If there are 2 grams of product produced by the chemical reaction, how many grams of reactant were consumed? A) 0 grams B) 1 gram C) 2 grams D) 4 grams
B) density.
In going through the three physical states of matter, water would normally undergo changes in A) composition. B) density. C) mass. D) weight.
D) in a cup of boiling water
In which situation are the individual molecules moving the fastest? A) in a bowl of hot soup B) in a glass of iced tea C) in a glass of tap water D) in a cup of boiling water
C) Roger is correct. The melting wax is a physical change and the burning candle wick is a chemical change.
It's Peggy Sue's birthday and she's about to blow out the candles on her cake. Brother Roger stops the party when he shouts: "Look at that! Chemical and physical changes taking places on your birthday cake!" How would you respond to Roger? A) Roger is incorrect. The melting wax is a physical change but there is no chemical change taking place. B) Roger is correct. Lighting the match is a chemical change and burning the candles is a physical change. C) Roger is correct. The melting wax is a physical change and the burning candle wick is a chemical change. D) Roger is incorrect. Only a chemical change is taking place as evidenced by the light and heat of the burning candles.
C) hydrogen gas.
Magnesium ribbon reacts vigorously with hydrochloric acid. The test tube gets hot and bubbles are produced. When a metal reacts with an acid in a single replacement reaction, we can expect the production of A) oxygen gas. B) water vapor. C) hydrogen gas. D) carbon dioxide gas.
C) silver
Name Melting Point Density (g/cm3) Zinc 419.53 oC 7.134 Nickel 1455oC 8.912 Copper 1084.62oC 8.96 Silver 961.78oC 10.501 Gold 1064.18oC 19.282 A cube of each metal, in the table, is provided on a laboratory table. Each cube has the same volume of 10 cm3. Which cube would have the largest mass? A) copper B) nickel C) silver D) zinc
A) mixtures can be physically separated.
One difference between mixtures and pure substances is that A) mixtures can be physically separated. B) mixtures are made of one type of atom. C) pure substances have no chemical bonds. D) pure substances can be physically separated.
D) 5.5g Fe
Predict the mass of iron (III) sulfide produced when 3.0 g of iron filings react completely with 2.5 g of yellow sulfur solid, S8(s). A) 1.5g Fe B) 2.5g Fe C) 3.5g Fe D) 5.5g Fe
is constant;can be altered
Salt, NaCl, is a pure substance, while saltwater is a mixture. What this means is that the ratio of sodium to chloride in salt ____________, and the ratio of salt to water in a saltwater solution _____________. -is constant;can be altered, can be altered;is constant, is constant; is constant too, can be altered; can be altered too
Sample B (D=M/V)
Sample Volume Mass A 100 ml 100 g B 80 ml 100 g C 110 ml 100 g D 120 ml 100 g The table shows the volumes of different samples of liquid. Which sample has the greatest DENSITY?
A) density
Silver is a white metal and is an excellent conductor of heat and electricity. The density of silver is 10.49 g/cm3. Silver does not react with water but it does react with nitric acid. Silver tarnishes when exposed to air or light. What is a physical property of silver?
C) Platinum, nitrogen gas, ethanol, water
Suppose 200 J of heat energy was added to 2 grams of each substance in the Specific Heat table. Which choice correctly lists the substances from greatest temperature change to least temperature change? A) Nitrogen gas, platinum, water, ethanol B) Water, ethanol, nitrogen gas, platinum C) Platinum, nitrogen gas, ethanol, water D) Ethanol, water, platinum, nitrogen gas
It must be a mixture as she can separate all of the individual ingredients
Taylor was thirsty and decided to mix up a pitcher of lemonade. She put lemon juice, water, and sugar into a pitcher and stirred it to create this wonderful new drink. How could Taylor decide if she just created a mixture or a compound?
A) 0
Temperature (Celsius) Volume of 1.000 gram of water (cc or mL) Density ( g/cc or g/mL) 0 (ice)1.0928 0.9150 4 1.0000 1.000 20 1.0018 0.9982 40 1.0079 0.9922 60 1.0171 0.9832 80 1.0290 0.9718 Water changes density with changing temperature. At what temperature in Celsius does water have its smallest density value? A) 0 B) 4 C) 20 D) 80
B) has been oxidized.
The color change on the Statue of Liberty is called patina. Substances in the air, like water vapor and carbon dioxide, have reacted with the copper in the statue and corroded it, as evidenced by the change in color. The pale blue-green patina is a coating of copper carbonate (CuCO3). In this case, copper A) has been reduced. B) has been oxidized. C) is the oxidizing agent. D) has gained electrons.
A) A chemical change has occurred creating a conductive solution.
The conductivity of pure water, pure liquid bromine, and aqueous bromine solution was measured. It was found that the pure water and pure liquid bromine had very little conductivity individually. However, the aqueous bromine solution had more conductivity. What has happen to cause this change? A) A chemical change has occurred creating a conductive solution. B) A physical change has occurred creating a conductive solution. C) A chemical change has occurred creating a nonconductive solution. D) A physical change has occurred creating a nonconductive solution.
D) stays the same.
The law of conservation of matter states that during a chemical reaction, the amount of matter A) increases. B) decreases. C) disappears. D) stays the same.
B) specific heat
The students in Ms. Hill's science class were investigating the properties of water. Juan dipped a finger in a beaker of water; Sally dipped her finger in a beaker of alcohol. They both streaked the lab bench with the liquids on their fingers and watched to see which liquid disappeared or evaporated first. The alcohol evaporated quickly, leaving the water streak on the lab bench for several minutes. What unique property of water was illustrated by this simple experiment? A) buoyancy B) specific heat C) surface tension D) capillary action
C) the three minerals vary in proportion in each form of granite.
The three main constituent minerals of granite stones are feldspar, mica, and quartz. The textures of different types of granite stones are shown in the picture. Based on the textures, it can be said that A) the proportion of mica in all the forms of granite is fixed. B) the proportion of quartz in all the forms of granite is fixed. C) the three minerals vary in proportion in each form of granite. D) the three minerals are in the same proportion in each form of granite.
Density
Two cups of the same size are filled to the brim with clear liquids. Cup A holds water. Cup B contains alcohol. Your teacher challenges you to figure out which cup holds water. Because of your great science knowledge, you know that all substances have their own special properties. You and your lab partner add an ice cube to each cube. The ice floats in one liquid. You predict it is water. And the ice sinks in the other liquid. You predict that liquid is alcohol. What property of matter did you use to identify the liquids? Mass, Density, Texture, Volume
Because water molecules all have a consistent ratio of hydrogen to oxygen, it is a pure substance.
Water, H2O, is made up of different elements, hydrogen and oxygen. Is this type of combination a mixture or a pure substance? Because water is composed of two separate elements, it is a mixture., Because water can be heated and fairly easily turned to steam, it is a mixture, Because water is composed of elements found in the periodic table, it is a pure substance, Because water molecules all have a consistent ratio of hydrogen to oxygen, it is a pure substance.
B) Heat is given off.
When determining whether a chemical reaction has taken place, you observe and look for several indicators. Which would be considered an indication that a chemical reaction or chemical change has taken place? A) Solid melts. B) Heat is given off. C) Substance dissolves D) Substance changes shape.
A) The attractions between the water molecules weaken.
When ice melts, what happens to the water molecules? A) The attractions between the water molecules weaken. B) The kinetic energy of the water molecules decreases. C) The attractions between the water molecules get stronger. D) The water molecules break free of all attractions to each other and get very far apart.
Mixture
When making her coffee, Mrs. Jenkins likes to stir in some cream and sugar to give it a pleasant flavor. The ingredients, when combined like this, form a: Mixture, Recipe, Compound, Carbohydrate
D) volume
Which is a physical property of matter? A) corrosion B) flammability C) oxidation D) volume
C) g/cm3
Which is a unit of density? A) cm3/g B) g/cm C) g/cm3 D) ml/g
C) newspaper decays in a landfill
Which is an example of a chemical change? A) glass melts in a furnace B) liquid water boils into steam C) newspaper decays in a landfill D) rain condenses and falls from water vapor in a cloud
Mixture
Which of these could be separated by distillation or filtration? Mixture, Atom, Element, Compound
D) ability to rust
Which of these is NOT a physical property of matter? A) odor B) boiling point C) melting point D) ability to rust
Mixture
Which of these is not considered a pure substance? Atom, Mixture, Element, Compound
D) A metal is added to an acid and hydrogen gas is formed
Which of these would indicate a chemical change has occurred? A) Salt is dissolved into water. B) A child colors a picture with a crayon. C) Solid iron is heated until it turns into a liquid. D) A metal is added to an acid and hydrogen gas is formed
C) Br (s), Br (g) (solid-gas)
Which pair shows the strongest and weakest intermolecular forces? A) Br (s), Br (l) B) Br (l), Br (s) C) Br (s), Br (g) D) Br (g), Br (s)
D) liquid and gas
Which phase or phases of matter take(s) the shape of its container? A) gas B) solid C) liquid D) liquid and gas
The original chemical properties of all the components remain intact.
Which statement describes a reason to consider air a mixture? The major constituents of air are gaseous elements, The components of air can be separated by chemical processes, The original chemical properties of all the components remain intact, The major constituent is nitrogen, which does not react with other components.
B) It is not electrically neutral.
Which statement does NOT describe the plasma state of matter? A) It contains ions. B) It is not electrically neutral. C) It may be influenced by a magnetic field. D) It is the most abundant state of matter in the universe.
D) You would have the same mass on the Earth and moon.
Which statement is true about your mass? A) You would have less mass on the moon. B) You would have less mass on the Earth. C) Your would have more mass on the Earth. D) You would have the same mass on the Earth and moon.
A) gas and plasma
Which states of matter have particles that move independently of one another with very little attraction? A) gas and plasma B) liquid and gas C) solid, liquid, and gas D) liquid, gas and plasma
B) 6.8 g/cm3
Which value is a measure of density? A) 5 m3 B) 6.8 g/cm3 C) 7.0 kg D) 10 m/s
C) precipitate
You and your lab partner take two clear liquids and mix them together. When observing the final product, you notice a yellow solid has formed. What is the term for the solid that is formed as a result of a chemical change? A) condensate B) evaporate C) precipitate D) sublimate
D) 4,3,2
___Fe + ___O2 →___Fe2O3 Your old bike left out in the rain starts to rust. What coefficients fill in the blanks to balance the equation? A) 1,2,3 B) 2,3,1 C) 2,3,2 D) 4,3,2
intensive
________ properties do not depend on the amount of material present.
A) Inorganic, ionic
___________ compounds form ___________ bonds between metal and nonmetal atoms by electrostatic attraction of oppositely charged ions. A) Inorganic, ionic B) Organic, covalent C) Metallic, metallic D) Intermolecular, hydrogen
B) physical properties
boiling point density conductivity color These may all be classified as the ______________ of a substance. A) nuclear properties B) physical properties C) chemical properties D) reactive properties
D) It has close to a constant volume as pressure is applied to it.
hich statement is true about a liquid but not a gas? A) It has more internal energy than the solid state. B) It will change shape and take the shape of its container. C) It allows particle to move past each other relatively easily. D) It has close to a constant volume as pressure is applied to it.
B) Sodium chloride: Compound Salt Water: Mixture
nteractions between different substances can result in the formation of new substances. Two such interactions are shown here. Sodium + Chlorine → Common salt (sodium chloride) Common salt + Water → Salt water Which correctly classifies the products formed by the interactions shown? A) Sodium chloride: Compound Salt Water: Compound B) Sodium chloride: Compound Salt Water: Mixture C) Sodium chloride: Mixture Salt Water: Compound D) Sodium chloride: Mixture Salt Water: Mixture
C) chemical properties
pH Flammability Reactivity with other substances Electronegativity These may all be classified as ______________ of a substance. A) nuclear properties B) physical properties C) chemical properties D) reactive properties
D) bubbles
roperty Observed Observation Color White Texture Fine crystals Odor None Mixed with water Dissolves Mixed with vinegar Bubbles Maggie recorded her observations of the baking soda used in lab today. Which observation indicated a chemical property of the baking soda? A) odor B) color C) texture D) bubbles
B) physical change.
water freezing to form ice melting a gold chain to create a gold ring breaking a window into smaller pieces These may all be classified as A) chemical change. B) physical change. C) chemical decomposition. D) increasing surface volume.