Chapter 1: Evolution of the fire apparatus
Where were the first "fire plugs used?
Philadelphia in the early 1800s
What does a Vehicle data recorders do?
Records vehicle speed, acceleration and deceleration data, engine speed, throttle position, transmission status, braking system status, seats occupied and seat belt status, the use of audible and visual warning devices, and time and date.
What must driver operators always wear while operating on roadways?
Reflective safety vest.
What was the first gasoline powered apparatus to discharge water called?
The chemical wagon
What are the most important elements of crash prevention?
The driver operators attitude, training, experience, and qualifications and applications of those qualities.
What caused the standardization of coupling threads?
The great Baltimore ire in 1904
What was the first equipment to replace the bucket brigade?
The hand pump in 1720 by Richard Newsham
What did the hook and ladder truck evolve from?
The old fire hook
What was an advantage of the articulating boom?
The provided flexibility operating between obstructions
What was invented in 1906?
The triple combination pumper
What were fire plugs made of and how were they accessed?
Wood that the firefighters would drill holes in
When did the first apparatus powered by gas emerge?
1900 and they were chiefs cars the ladder wagons
What did NFPA 1500 designate?
All members riding in a fire apparatus must have a seating area inside an enclosed cab
What is An ATC
Automatic traction control. Provides braking when a vehicle enters a skid
What were small water pumps called?
Booster pumps
What did the triple combination pumper contain?
Booster tank, 250 GPM or greater pump, 2 1/2 and 1 1/2 hose
What do auxiliary brakes do?
Brake the engine
What was fire protection originally limited to?
Bucket brigades
What were steam powered pumps fueled by?
Coal
What do ABS brakes do?
Control brake application when the brakes are suddenly or stoping in an emergency
What was the title of the firefighter in charge of running the steam engine?
Engineer
What was used to pull down burning buildings to prevent fire spread?
Fire Hook
What was the leather hose carried on?
Hose carts
What do lateral acceleratio alert devices do?
Identifies when a rollover is about to occur
What is the second leading cause of firefighter fatalities?
Injuries sustained in responding or returning from a call.
What does electronic stability control do?
Maintains the straight orientation of the vehicle in an attempt to reduce rollovers
What are some advantages of diesel engines?
More reliable, burned fuel more efficiently, and provided the desired horsepower and torque
What states that seatbelt warning devices must be equipped on apparatus?
NFPA 1901
What caused the replacement of firefighers with horses?
the advent of the steam powered pump