Chapter 1 Intro to Human Development

According to emotional development theories, _____

11-year-olds are better at understanding other people's emotions than 3-year-olds.

Calvin is a singer who gets anxious when speaking to large groups. However, once he starts singing, he immediately feels confident and calm. His transient anxiety in front of large groups is an example of which of the following?

A state

What is a distinguishing characteristic between growth and maturation? A: Growth is limited, maturation is limitless B: Growth is measured by size, maturation is measured by age C: Growth is physical, maturation is intellectual D: Growth is a natural process, maturation is a form of learning

A: Growth is limited, maturation is limitless

Sam's younger brother stops crying when he hears a specific nursery rhyme. As a child, Sam plays the song often for his little brother. As an adult, Sam tries to play the same song for his young daughter when she is crying. Sam's behavior is an example of learning because: A: He demonstrates knowledge of the song B: He adapted his behavior based on environmental learning C: He remembered the song's lyrics D: He uses his skills to devise a solution to a problem

B: HE adapted his behavior based on environmental learning

As a young adult, Cara begins a career, learns new skills in the workplace and forms a healthy relationship. She is showing signs of: A: Development B: Maturation C: Growth D: Learning

B: Maturation

Why is plasticity important for development?

Because without plasticity, change would be impossible.

The study of how people's thoughts, behaviors, emotions, and relationships change as they grow is referred to as _____.

Developmental psychology

Which of the following statement about growth is FALSE? A.: Genetics are a main factor of growth B: The body becomes physically larger as a result of growth C: Growth impacts the mind D: Growth can be measured

C: Growth impacts the mind

The process of change that all humans experience is called: A: Learning B: Growth C: Maturation D: Development

D: development

Which of the following statement about growth is FALSE?

Growth impacts the mind

What is a distinguishing characteristic between growth and maturation?

Growth is limited, maturation is limitless

Sam's younger brother stops crying when he hears a specific nursery rhyme. As a child, Sam plays the song often for his little brother. As an adult, Sam tries to play the same song for his young daughter when she is crying. Sam's behavior is an example of learning because:

He adapted his behavior based on environmental learning

Which of these scenarios illustrates the multidimensional aspect of human development?

In his late 40s, Bill notices several new things happening to him. He needs a new eyeglass prescription, becomes a bit forgetful, and feels disconnected from his friends.

Why is physical development important for babies and toddlers?

It leads to improved motor skills, which allows them to explore the environment

Which of the following scenarios illustrates the principle of multidirectionality of development over time?

Jana is amazed at how quickly her 5 year old picked up German phrases on their trip. Jana couldn't seem to remember any of it, though she did pick up social customs that the child didn't even notice.

_____ are a person's usual ways of thinking, behaving and feeling.

Personality traits

How are social development and emotional development different?

Social development is about learning to interact with others, while emotional development is about understanding emotions.

Alex and Betty are the exact same age, but Alex has a learning disability. Should we expect their respective levels of cognitive development to be the same or different? Why?

They may be different, because Alex has a disability.

Timmy now understands that when you double something you will have twice as much as you started with. Just last year he had trouble understanding this concept and would always have to see examples done with blocks or beads. Timmy's increased understanding is an example of _____ development.

cognitive

Learning how to do multiplication is an example of _____.

cognitive development

Traditional theories of plasticity state that it _____ as people get older. However, current research contends that plasticity _____ as people age.

declines; stays the same

Human development _____ only in younger years. It happens _____. does not take place; across the lifespan does not take place; in three distinct life periods takes place; in three distinct life periods takes place; from ages 1 to 18

does not take place; across the lifespan

A personality trait is considered to be _____.

enduring

A personality trait is considered to be _____. difficult to detect inconsistent enduring transient exceptional

enduring

Development is the process of _____ and _____ that humans go through over their lifetime.

growth; change

The process of maturation involves _____ and _____ growth that accompanies or continues beyond the process of physical growth.

intellectual; emotional

Sonia walks over to the stove and reaches up toward it only to feel an intense heat that makes her pull her hand back quickly before she is badly burned. From that point on she never reaches up toward the stove. This process of changing behavior based on uncomfortable stimuli is an example of _____.

learning

The study of how people grow and change during all phases of their lives is called _____.

life span development

As a young adult, Cara begins a career, learns new skills in the workplace and forms a healthy relationship. She is showing signs of:

maturation

The concept that development occurs biologically, intellectually, and emotionally is called _____.

multi-dimensionality

The concept that different elements of a person grow and shrink at different points in life is called _____.

multi-directionality

Lynette feels socially inept and has a constant fear of being shamed or rejected by others. As a result, she avoids interacting in social situations and is reserved in her close relationships. This is an example of a _____.

personality disorder

Which of the following is NOT a strategy older adults can use to delay a slowdown in their cognitive development?

sleeping more

Adolescents gain _____ skills as the prefrontal cortex of their brain develops.

reasoning and problem solving

Prevailing theories in psychology suggest that the main factors influencing our personalities include all of the following EXCEPT which one?

stranger

Prevailing theories in psychology suggest that the main factors influencing our personalities include all of the following EXCEPT which one? Strangers Parents Time Friends Genetics

stranger

Which of the following is NOT a type of human development?

traditional

personality traits

which are a person's typical ways of thinking, behaving, and feeling