Chapter 1 Intro to Pathology Review Questions

What term is used to denote a disease in which the underlying cause is unknown? a. Idiopathic. b. Antietiologic. c. Iatrogenic. d. Nosocomial.

a. Idiopathic.

The progression of a loss of oxygen and nutrients resulting in tissue necrosis, especially in the diabetic's foot, is called a. infarction b. gangrene c. ischemia d. hemorrhage

b. gangrene

Assessing the aggressiveness or degree of malignancy is referred to as a. staging b. grading c. seeding d. metastatic

b. grading

An inflammation associated with pus formation is a. bacteremia b. phagocytosis c. suppurative d. hyperemia

c. suppurative

Hypotension and vascular collapse with urticaria, bronchiolar spasm, and laryngeal edema are characteristics of a. anaphylactic reactions b. cytotoxic reactions c. histamine release d. delayed reactions

a. anaphylactic reactions

If a neoplastic growth proliferates without form, it is considered a. anaplastic b. dysplastic c. aplastic d. hyperplastic

a. anaplastic

A basic reaction of the body to some form of injury is a a. disease process b. pathology c. study of diseases d. idiopathic process

a. disease process

The protein-rich fluid associated with swelling in an inflammatory process is a. exudate b. transudate c. pus d. permeable

a. exudate

An accumulation of blood trapped within the body tissues is known as a(an) a. hematoma b. ecchymosis c. petechiae d. pleural effusion

a. hematoma

Heat and redness associated with inflammation is produced by a. hyperemia b. scar tissue c. hyperplasia d. infarction

a. hyperemia

Depriving tissues of oxygen and nutrients caused by an arterial vessel narrowing is referred to as a. ischemia b. petechiae c. filariasis d. gangrene

a. ischemia

A polyp is a a. projecting mass from an inner mucous membrane b. malignant epithelial neoplasm c. benign cartilaginous tumor d. cancer

a. projecting mass from an inner mucous membrane

In pyogenic infections, the body responds by producing a thick, yellow fluid called bacteria a. pus b. edema c. a scar

a. pus

Chronic inflammation in a localized area, which often has centralized necrosis, is called a. an exudate b. a granuloma c. an abscess d. hyperplasia

b. a granuloma

When a reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ occurs, this results in a. aplasia b. atrophy c. hypoplasia d. dysplasia

b. atrophy

Using a combination of cytotoxic substances to kill neoplastic cells is called a. radiation therapy b. chemotherapy c. hormonal therapy d. seeding

b. chemotherapy

Localized _____ is produced in an inflammatory reaction as a result of a fluid accumulation. a. filariasis b. edema c. elephantiasis d. fibrous adhesions

b. edema

In an injury, the destroyed tissue is replaced with a. granulomatous inflammation b. granulation tissue c. phagocytes d. pyogens

b. granulation tissue

The retrovirus known to contribute to AIDS is a. hepatitis b. human immunodeficiency virus c. immunoglobulins d. Kaposi sarcoma

b. human immunodeficiency virus

A disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is a. idiopathic b. iatrogenic c. neoplasia d. community acquired

b. iatrogenic

In acute inflammation, the localized heat and redness are a result of the a. migration of circulating white blood cells b. increased blood flow and vascular permeability c. regeneration of normal parenchymal cells d. enzymatic digestion of dead cells

b. increased blood flow and vascular permeability

A localized area of ischemic necrosis within a tissue or organ produced by vascular occlusion is a(n) a. gangrene b. infarct c. purpura d. ecchymosis

b. infarct

All of the following are additive diseases in terms of x-ray attenuation, except a. pneumonia b. osteolytic metastasis c. callus d. ascites

b. osteolytic metastasis

Of the five clinical signs of acute inflammation, the medical term for swelling is a. edema b. tumor c. calor d. dolor

b. tumor

Profound and sustained impairment of cellular immunity resulting in recurrent or sequential opportunistic infections is characteristic of a. anaphylactic reactions b. histamine release c. AIDS d. cytotoxic reactions

c. AIDS

Alterations of cell growth, specifically an abnormal proliferation of cells, is called a. hyperplasia b. dysplasia c. neoplasia d. aplasia

c. neoplasia

The Latin word for "new growth" is a. tumor b. seeding c. neoplasia d. ecchymosis

c. neoplasia

The low-protein fluid associated with the inflammatory process as seen in pulmonary edema is called a. an abscess b. exudate c. transudate d. filariasis

c. transudate

Which term is used to describe an increase in the size of an organ or tissue in response to an increase in function? a. Neoplastic. b. Hypotrophy. c. Hyperplasia. d. Hypertrophy.

d. Hypertrophy.

The volume of blood loss, the rate of blood loss, and the site of blood loss will determine the a. patient status b. clinical significance c. treatment required d. all of the above

d. all of the above

An accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue throughout the body is called a. bacteremia b. elephantiasis c. filariasis d. anasarca

d. anasarca

Symptoms suggestive of esophageal or stomach cancer are a. anasarca and dysphagia b. anaplasia and anorexia c. aplasia and gangrene d. anorexia and dysphagia

d. anorexia and dysphagia

The body has the ability to combat antigens by forming _____ in the lymphoid tissue. a. antibodies b. toxins c. immunoglobulins d. antibodies and immunoglobulins

d. antibodies and immunoglobulins

The initial response of body tissues to local injury is a. infection b. ischemia c. edema d. inflammation

d. inflammation