Chapter 1 Mc Graw Hill Physical Science
Curved line
A _____ ____ on a distance-time graph indicates increasing speed.
Horizontal line
A ________ ____ on a distance-time graph indicates that the motion has stopped.
A distance, a direction, and a reference point
A complete description of a position includes what?
find
A good choice for a reference point is something that is easy to what?
Speed
A measure of the distance an object travels per unit of time
direction, negative
A reference _________ can be described as a positive direction. The opposite direction is the _______ direction.
Horizontal,vertical
A speed-time graph has speed plotted on the ________ axis (x axis), and speed plotted on the ________ axis (y axis)
85 km/h
A truck driver makes a trip that covers 2380 kilometers in 28 hours. what is the driver's average speed?
graph
A visual display of information or data.
Represented
Acceleration can also be ________ by an arrow, just like velocity
Divided
Acceleration is a change in velocity during a time interval ________ by the time interval during which the velocity changes
Increases or decreases
An acceleration's arrow depends on whether the velocity _______ __ _______
Experiment
An organized procedure for testing a hypothesis.
Scientific method
An organized set of investigation procedures used by scientists.
Straight line
Constant speed is shown as a _______ ____ on a distance time graph
Continually moving downhill, or in any direction
Define constant speed in your own words.
Slow down, speed up, and change direction
Describe three ways a bicyclist can change velocity.
one direction
Distance and Displacement are equal ONLY if the motion is in ___ _________
Calculate
Distance-time graphs can be used to ________ the average speed of an object.
Objects
Distance-time graphs can be used to compare the motion of two different _______.
Velocity includes the direction where as speed does not
Distinguish between speed and velocity.
Hypothesis
Educated guesses or testable prediction.
A reference point is a Starting point that you choose to describe the location, or position, of an object. A reference point is like an independent variable in a math equation. A position is an object's distance and direction from a reference point. A position would be the dependent variable in the math equation, because it relies on the reference point to determine where it'll be.
Explain why a description of position depends on a reference point.
Scientific theory
Explanation based on experiments that have a logical explanation. Ex. Black Hole Theory.
Distance-time graphs
Graphs that compare distance and time are called?
First, choose a starting point. Next, determine the change in distance and time between these two points. Finally substitute these values into the average speed equation
How could you calculate average speed from a distance-time graph?
Meters per second squared
If SI units are used in the acceleration equation then acceleration has units of _____________________
Table position
If a reference point changes, the description of the object's what will change?
Direction of motion
If acceleration is negative, then it is opposite the ____________________
Horizontal line above the x axis
If an object is moving at constant speed, it's speed-time graph is a __________________________
Line that slants downward toward the right side of the graph
If an object is slowing down, it's speed-time graph is a __________________________
0 kilometers
If you walk 2 kilometers from your house to a store and then back home, what is your displacement?
Acceleration
Is a measure of the change in velocity during a period of time
circle graph
Is used to show how a fixed quantity is broken down into parts.
motionless
It is possible to move with regard to one reference point and stay _____________ with regard to another reference
5 m/s
It takes Ahmed 50 seconds on his bicycle to reach his friend's house 250 meters away: what is his average speed?
relevative
Motion is described ________ to a reference point.
The velocity arrow
Points in the direction of an object's motion
Scientific law
Rule of nature that sums up related observations to desribe a pattern of nature. Ex. The Law of Gravity.
line graph
Shows trends or how data changes over time.
instantaneous
Speed at any given point in time. Ex. Driving a car and looking at a speedometer.
slope
The _____ of a line on a distance time graph gives speed of an object in motion.
Straight
The ________ line on a distance-time graph
mass
The amount of matter in an object.
volume
The amount of space occupied by an object.
displacement
The difference between the initial position and the final position of an object.
Same
The difference in distance between two points is divided by the difference in time between the _______ points.
length
The distance between two points.
Constant
The factor that doesn't vary in an experiment.
Independent variable
The factor that is adjusted by the experienter (X-axis).
Dependent variable
The factor whose value depends on the independent variable (Y-axis).
time
The interval between two occuring events.
Indicates
The length of an arrow that represents velocity _________ speed.
Can
The length of an object ___ change
distance
The length of the path an object moves along.
density
The mass per unit volume of a material.
motion
The process of changing position.
Science
The process that uses observation and investigation to gain knowledge about events in nature.
velocity
The speed an direction of a moving object.
Rest
The speed-time graph for an object at _____ is a horizontal line at y=0
Line that slants upward toward the right side of the graph
The speed-time graph for an object that's speeding up is a __________________________
Control
The standard for comparison.
International system of units
The standard system measurement used world wide.
k
The symbol for a Kelvin
m.
The symbol for a Meter
cd
The symbol for a candela
g
The symbol for a gram
mol
The symbol for a mole
s
The symbol for a second
A
The symbol for an Ampere
Arrow
The velocity of an object can be represented by an _____.
point, directions, distance
To find a position in two dimensions first choose a reference ______, Next specify _________. Then determine the __________ along each reference direction.
average
Total distance traveled divided by time. Ex. Taking a road trip.
speed and direction
Velocity changes when the speed of an object changes, when the direction in which the object is moving changes, or when the ______ ___ _______ changes.
Reference point
What is a starting point you choose to describe the location, or position, of an object?
Inside
When an object changes direction, the acceleration arrow points to the ______ of the curve along which the object is moving
Slowed down
When the slope of a line on a distance-time graph decreases, it means that the speed of object is ______ ____.
Increasing
When the slope of a line on a distance-time graph increases, it means the speed of the object is ________.
Still
When the speed of an object isn't constant, it's average can ___ be calculated from a distance-time graph.
Same direction
When the velocity of an object increases, the acceleration arrow points in the ____ ________ as the velocity arrows.
Opposite direction
When the velocity of an object is decreasing, the acceleration arrow points in the _________ ________ as the velocity arrows
dimensions
When you describe a position using two directions you are using two __________.
Speed-time graphs
______________ can be used to show how speed changes over time
0.01
centi's multiplying factor.
position
changing a reference point does not actually change the object's _______.
0.1
deci's multiplying factor.
1.000
kilo's multiplying factor.
0.000001
micro's multiplying factor
0.001
milli's multiplying factor.
plotted
motion of an object can be ________ on a distance-time graph
0.000000001
nano's multiplying factor
c
the symbol for centi.
d
the symbol for deci.
k.
the symbol for kilo.
μ
the symbol for micro.
m
the symbol for milli.
n
the symbol for nano.
bar graph
useful for comparing information collected by counting.
reference direction
when you describe an object's position, you compare it's location to a ________ _________.