chapter 1 nutrition

When obtaining information on the Internet, which ending for a URL is probably less reliable than the others?

.com

If a scientist wants to design an experiment to measure the effect of vitamin C on colds, which of the following would be an appropriate placebo?

A sugar pill that does not contain vitamin C

False:

Alcohol is an essential nutrient because it contains energy.

What are phytochemicals and why might they be important?

At least 9000 different phytochemicals have been identified in foods so far. These non-nutritive chemicals work with fiber. Nutrients or unknown substances in foods to provide synergistic effects on health

False:

Being overweight is the same thing as being obese.

Which nutrient class supplies glucose as the major source of energy for the body?

Carbohydrates

The defining characteristic of an organic compound is that it contains ______________.

Carbon

Discuss how one's cultural background influences food choices.

Cultural backgrounds have a lot to do with food choice because some people may prefer spicier foods than another culture. Italians like pasta, Asians eat a lot of vegetables and rice and soy-based foods, the Irish eat potatoes, and Hispanics eat rice/beans and corn tortillas.

Jane is sitting in the library, cramming for a nutrition test. She has eaten a plate full of brownies and is now ordering a pizza. Which of the following factors is probably affecting the way Jane is eating?

Emotions

The group given a specific treatment during an experiment is called the ___________ group.

Experimental group

True:

Fats, proteins, and carbohydrates are organic nutrients that provide energy.

False:

For reporting research results, a regular magazine is just as credible as a peer-reviewed journal.

Curtis is writing a paper for his nutrition class and is using the Internet as a resource. Describe what he should consider when deciding whether a site is reliable or not.

He should make sure it's a credible source and its peer reviewed. : If a site URL ends in ".edu" or ".gov" it is probably a reliable site. If the site is not selling something, this is also a good sign

True:

Minerals are inorganic because they do not contain carbon.

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the energy-providing nutrients?

Most of your daily calories should come from protein.

What is the first step of the scientific method?

Observe and ask a question

True:

Over 65 percent of American adults are overweight and of those, approximately 50 percent are considered obese

True:

People who are poor can be overfed in energy nutrients but malnourished in vitamins and minerals.

Explain how people who have less money are more, rather than less, prone to obesity.

People who have less money tend to eat at fast food places which is very inexpensive and convent such as McDonald's, burger king etc. leading to obesity

Describe an experiment you would design to test the following hypothesis: Vitamin C supplements cure colds.

Select a large number of subjects with colds, randomly divide them into two groups (experimental vs. control), give the placebo or vitamin then Compare results.

True:

The "gold standard" of research experiments is the double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

False:

The energy value of foods is measured in units commonly referred to as nutrients.

False:

The foods you eat do not affect the expression of genes in your cells.

True:

The macronutrients include carbohydrates, lipids, and vitamins.

True:

The science that studies how the nutrients and compounds in foods affect your body's function and health is called nutrition.

Which of the following are not macro-nutrients?

Vitamins

Which of the following substances is organic?

Vitamins

Jim wants to improve his health and would like a professional to help him with his diet. Which of the following people would be the best person to help Jim?

a registered dietitian nutritionist

Which of the following is not a function of water in the body?

functions as a co-enzyme

A double-blind placebo-controlled study is research

in which neither the subjects nor the scientists know which group received the treatment and which group received a placebo.

Food insecurity is the

inability to satisfy the basic food needs of individuals

Experimental research is a process that

involves looking at factors in two or more groups of subjects to see if there is a relationship to certain outcomes.

Which of the following causes of death in the United States is not nutrition related?

respiratory diseases