Chapter 1
How long is a MAC address?
12 hexadecimal characters
Frames in most networks hold at most ________.
1500 bytes of data
The decimal value for each 8-bit portion of an IP address can range from ________ to ________.
255
Most FCSs are ________ bytes long.
4
The TCP/IP model is a(n) ________ layer model.
4
How many layers does the OSI model contain?
7
On a working network, the software that users employ when accessing the network resides at Layer ________ in the OSI seven-layer model.
7
Because of software at the ________ layer, a user can choose to use one of several programs to access a file over the network.
Application
Layer 6 of the OSI model is included in the ________ layer of the TCP/IP model.
Application
The Presentation layer translates data from lower layers into a format usable by the ________ layer, and vice versa.
Application
Which layer of the OSI model refers to the code built into operating systems that enables network-aware applications?
Application
Which layer of the TCP/IP model is mapped to the top three layers of the OSI model?
Application
Although one may argue that the NIC operates at more than one layer of the OSI model, the generally accepted answer is that this device belongs at the ________ layer.
Data Link
At the receiving computer, the ________ layer removes the MAC addresses and CRC from incoming frames and provides error checking.
Data Link
Which layer of the OSI model adds source and destination MAC addresses to frames?
Data Link
Which layer of the OSI model is the only layer divided into two sublayers?
Data Link
The newer term for the MAC addressing scheme, as defined by the IEEE, is ________.
EUI-48
Which of the following statements about the OSI is FALSE?
Each protocol needs to understand all of the protocols handling all the other layers.
Which of the following is a broadcast MAC address?
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF
A NIC reads the data portion of a frame to determine the address of the receiving system.
False
In a wired network, a charge on a wire represents a zero while no charge represents a one.
False
The Link layer of the TCP/IP model maps to the top three layers of the OSI model.
False
The Network Interface layer of the TCP/IP model maps to the Network layer of the OSI model.
False
The TCP/IP model consists of six layers.
False
Two systems on the same network may have NICs with the same MAC address.
False
When a frame arrives at the switch, the switch makes an exact copy of the frame and sends it to every other system on the network.
False
Each system on a TCP/IP network has two unique identifiers, the ________ address (physical address) and the ________ address (logical address).
IP
What is the unique numeric identifier assigned to each device at the Network layer of a TCP/IP network?
IP address
Which standards organization is named for the Greek word for "equal"?
ISO
Routers function at which layer of the TCP/IP model?
Internet
Which layer of the TCP/IP model performs IP addressing functions?
Internet
Which of the following best describes Logical Link Control (LLC)?
It is a sublayer of the Data Link layer.
Which statement describes an IP address?
It is a unique dotted decimal number assigned to every network device.
Which of the following statements best describes an IP address?
It is a unique dotted decimal number assigned to every network node.
Which of these statements best describes an Application Programming Interface?
It provides programmers with a standard way to extend an application's capabilities.
What statement describes a function of a NIC?
It uses the CRC to verify the data within each frame.
How does the receiving station on a network use the CRC to verify that it received accurate data?
It uses the same divisor as the sending station to find the same remainder.
Select the one function below that a NIC does NOT perform.
It verifies the data within each frame.
Which layer of the OSI model is associated with moving data from one system to another by means such as cabling or radio waves?
Layer 1
Which layer of the TCP/IP model is mapped to the bottom two layers of the OSI model?
Link
Routers function at which layer of the OSI model?
Network
The ________ layer is the last (topmost) layer of the OSI that deals directly with hardware.
Network
When it receives data from the upper layers, which layer of the OSI model assembles the data into smaller pieces called packets?
Network
Which layer of the OSI model uses routers and IP addresses to ensure that packets arrive at the correct system?
Network
The Link layer of the TCP/IP model is also sometimes called the ________ layer.
Network Interface
In some networks, data moves over radio waves. These waves fall into which layer of the OSI model?
Physical
With a network that uses copper cabling, the ________ layer defines the rules for turning ones and zeroes into electrical signals.
Physical
Layer 6 of the OSI model is called the ________ layer.
Presentation
Which statement describes a capability of routers?
Routers allow network connections across networks.
Which layer of the OSI model manages connecting applications to applications?
Session
How are incoming frames handled by a switch?
The frames are sent only to the NIC that has the destination MAC address.
Where does the CRC originate in a network frame?
The sending NIC attaches it
Routers have which of the following capabilities?
They allow network connections across data lines that don't use Ethernet.
The ________ layer of the OSI model uses sequencing numbers to assemble and disassemble packets belonging to the same message into the correct order
Transport
The ________ layer of the TCP/IP model uses segments and datagrams as its Protocol Data Units.
Transport
Which TCP/IP model layer uses connection-oriented protocols?
Transport
A network protocol is special software that allows a network to use logical addressing in order to move data from one subnet to another.
True
Cabling, hubs, physical addresses, and NICs are included in the Link layer of the TCP/IP model.
True
No two systems on the same network share the same IP address.
True
Routers use logical addresses as their unique identifiers.
True
The FCS includes a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) that the receiving NIC uses to verify that the data being sent is correct.
True
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model works for almost every type of network, even extremely old and long-obsolete ones.
True
The Transport layer of the TCP/IP model uses both connection-oriented and connectionless protocols.
True
When the NIC sends a frame that contains the broadcast address, every NIC on the network processes that frame.
True
If you want to view Web pages, you need a(n) ________.
Web browser
Where does the CRC originate in a network frame?
Where does the CRC originate in a network frame?
By using the ________ MAC address, a NIC can send packets that every other computer on the network will process.
broadcast
A container created at the Data Link layer for carrying discrete chunks of data across a network is called a(n) ________.
frame
When handed to the NIC, each IP packet is enclosed in a(n) ________.
frame
All NICs on the same network must use the same ________, or they will not be able to communicate with other NICs.
frame type
Different types of networks use different sizes of ________.
frames
NICs send and receive binary data as pulses of all of the following EXCEPT ________.
gamma rays
A MAC address is usually shown in ________ notation.
hex
If you want to see how many sessions are running on a TCP/IP network, you should use the ________ program from the command prompt.
netstat -a
The Session layer initiates sessions, accepts incoming sessions, and ________ and ________ existing sessions.
opens; closes
A(n) ________ is a tool that enables you to see electrical pulses.
oscilloscope
In a TCP/IP network, an IP ________ includes the destination IP address, the source IP address, and the data.
packet
A MAC address is also known as a(n) ________ address.
physical
What device do you need to split a large network into subnets smaller ones?
router
A MAC address is composed of which two parts?
the Organizationally Unique Identifier and the device ID of the NIC
For a network tech, one benefit of understanding the OSI seven-layer model and how traffic in an actual network works through the model is applying this knowledge to ________.
troubleshooting networks
